{"text_format":"1","workbook":"xlsx","n_sheets":101,"sheets":["Who does what","At a glance","OVERALL EMPLOYMENT PICTURE","Labour market trends 01&24","Labour market trends 23-24","Empl.unempl.&discouraged ","Employment & econom indicators","Compensation of employees  ","Dependency on employed","Participation.absorption","Participation rate by race","Labour mark part.rate by race","Labour force absorption rate","Intern. Labour particip.rat SC","Intern. Labour particip.rate EM","EAP definition","EAP by race 2001-24","EAP by race&sex2024","EAP race&age 2001-24","EAP by race&age % 01-24 ","EAP race&age 01-24%","EMPLOYMENT","Employment by race 94-24","Employmentbyrace.age 2001-24","Employmentbyrace.age% 2001-24 ","Employment by industry","Formal empl. by industry 90-24","Employ by industry % 90-24","2PCs Employm. by industry 90&24","BC Change in employment 2008-24","Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 ","Change in employment by sector","All employment 2008 and 2024","All empl. by ind.race.sex","All empl. by ind. race, sex, %","QLFS+QES","Differences bet QLFS&QES"," Employm.by industry QLFSvsQES","Employment by occupation","Employment by occupation 01-24","BG Change in employm.01-24","Employ. by occup,race, sex.01","Employ. by occup,race, sex 2024","Employment by occup,race % ","Change in employment 2001vs2024","Segments of working population","Informal sector employm. 08-24","BC Change informal sector empl ","Agriculture, private h.h 01-24","Public sector employment","Government sector employ. 91-24","Characteristics of employed","Employment by age group 2009-24","Employed by level of ed.9.24","Employm. by contract9.24"," Employment equity (EE)","EE by occupational level 01-23","EE top management by industry","Employment in management","All government.","Provincial government","Local government","State owned enterprises","Private sector","Non profit organisations","All employers","EE employed with disabilities","UNEMPLOYMENT.","Unemployment ","Unemployment trends 94-24","Unempl.official definition94-24","Unemploy.expand definit.94-24","Unem rate.official defin.94-24","Unem rate.expand defin.94-24","International comparisons","Characteristics of unemployed","Unemployment by industry","Unemployment by occupation","Categories of unemployed","Unemployment by age group","Unempl. age, race, sex offi ","Unempl. age,race,sex expand","Unemployment by education","Unemployment by duration","Reasons for  empl. termination","UNDERUTILISATION","Underutilisation.","Not economically active"," Inactivity rate by age group ","Discouraged workseekers","Discouraged workseekers by  ","Underutilisation of labour ","Timerelated underempl by occup.","Timerelated underempl. by indus","PROVINCIAL DATA","EAP by province","Provincial labour market trends","Unemploym. numbers by province","Unemployment rate by province","MUNICIPAL DATA","Labour status metro&non-metro "],"not_rendered":{"charts":13,"images":0,"macros":1,"external_links":6,"defined_names":1027,"comments":2,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900"}

{"sheet":"Who does what","index":0,"n_rows":82,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":82,"cut":false,"hidden":true,"merged":[]}
["Sheet Name","Anlu","Carika","Dta Source"]
["At a glance"]
["Labour Market Trends 01&23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Labour Market Trends 22-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Empl.unempl.&discouraged",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Employment & econ indicators",null,null,"SARB"]
["compensation of employees",null,null,"SARB"]
["Dependency on employed",null,null,"StatsSA dta, CRA calc"]
["Participation rate by race",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Labour mark part.rate by race",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["Labour force absorption rate",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Intern. Labour participation.rat SC",null,null,"ILO"]
["Intern. Labour participation.rat EM",null,null,"ILO"]
["EAP by race 2001-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["EAP by race&sex 2023",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["EAP race&age 2001-23",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["EAP by race &age % 01-23",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["EAP race&age 01-23%",null,null,"Graph"]
["Employment by race 94-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Employmentbyrace.age% 2001-23",null,null,"StatsSA dta, CRA calc","*need to check on QES data"]
["Formal empl. by industry 90-23",null,null,"QES"]
["Employment by industry % 90-22",null,null,"QES"]
["2PCs Employm. by industry 90&23"]
["BC Change in employment 2008-23"]
["Employm. by sec&industry 01-23",null,null,"StatsSA, P0210"]
["Change in employmeny by sector",null,null,"QLFS"]
["All employment 2008 and 2023",null,null,"QLFS"]
["All empl. by ind.race.sex",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["All empl. by ind. race, sex, %",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["Employment by industry QLFSvsQES",null,null,"QLFS &QES"]
["Employment by occupation 01-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["BG Change in employm.01-23"]
["Employ.by. occup, race, sex.01",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["Employ. by occup,race,sex 2023",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["Employment by occup,race %",null,null,"StatsSA dta, CRA calc"]
["Change in employment 2001vs2023",null,null,"StatsSA dta, CRA calc"]
["Informal sector employm. 08-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["BC Change informal sector empl"]
["Agriculture, private h.h 01-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Government sector employ. 91-23",null,null,"QES"]
["Employment by age group 2009-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Employed by level of ed.9.23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Employm. by contract9.23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["EE by occupational level 01-22",null,null,"EE Report"]
["EE top management by industry",null,null,"EE Report"]
["Employment in management",null,null,"EE Report"]
["All government. ",null,null,"EE Report"]
["Provincial government",null,null,"EE Report"]
["Local government",null,null,"EE Report"]
["State owned enterprises",null,null,"EE Report"]
["Private sector",null,null,"EE Report"]
["Non profit organisations",null,null,"EE Report"]
["All employers",null,null,"EE Report"]
["EE employed with disabilities",null,null,"EE Report"]
["Unemployment trends 94-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Unempl.official definition94-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Unemploy.expand definit.94-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Unem rate.official defin.94-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Unem rate.expand defin.94-23",null,null,"QLFS"]
["International comparisons",null,null,"Trading Economics"]
["Unemployed by industry",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Unemployed by occupation",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Categories of unemployed",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Unemployed by age group",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Unempl. age, race, sex offi",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["Unempl. age, race,sex expand",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["Unemployment by education",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Unemployment by duration",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Reasons for empl. terminiation",null,null,"DOL, Job Opportunities and Unemployment Report"]
["Not economically active",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Inactivity rate by agre group",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Discouraged workseekers"]
["Discouraged workseekers by",null,null,"StatsSA email"]
["Underutilisation of labour",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Timerelated underempl by occup. ",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Timerelated underempl. by indus",null,null,"QLFS"]
["EAP by province",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Provincial labour market trends",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Unemploym. numbers by province",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Unemployment rate by province",null,null,"QLFS"]
["Labour status metro&non-metro",null,null,"QLFS"]
["TOTAL: ",40,40]

{"sheet":"At a glance","index":1,"n_rows":33,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":33,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,1,1,2],[6,1,6,2],[32,1,32,2],[3,1,3,2],[4,1,4,2]]}
[]
[null,"EMPLOYMENT"]
[]
[null,"Anlu Keeve"]
[null,"Carika Middelberg"]
[]
[null,"At a glancea"]
[null,"Workers employed in the formal sector (excluding agriculture) as a proportion of total employed",0.68899999999999995]
[null,"Workers employed in the informal sector (excluding agriculture) as a proportion of total employed",0.188]
[null,"Workers employed in agriculture (formal and informal) as a proportion of total employed",5.3999999999999999E-2]
[null,"Workers employed in private households as a proportion of total employed",7.0000000000000007E-2]
[null,"Change in formal (non-agricultural) employment (2023-24)","up 1.2%"]
[null,"Change in informal (non-agricultural) employment (2023-24)","up 3.3%"]
[null,"Change in employment in agriculture (formal and informal) (2023-24)","up 0.2%"]
[null,"Change in employment in private households (2023-24)","up 6.1%"]
[null,"Change in total employment (1994-2024)","up 108.9%"]
[null,"Change in number of government sector employees (1990-2024)","up 75.7%"]
[null,"Labour market participation rate (Stats SA)",0.60599999999999998]
[null,"Labour force participation rate (ILO)",0.58099999999999996]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.40799999999999997]
[null,"Change in economically active population (2023-24)","up 3.2%"]
[null,"Change in not economically active population (2023-24)","down 1.3%"]
[null,"Change in number of discouraged workseekers (2001-24)","up 85.2%"]
[null,"Change in labour market absorption rate (2001-24)","down 10.9%"]
[null,"Change in total number of unemployed (2001-24)","up 87.4%"]
[null,"Unemployment rate ",0.33500000000000002]
[null,"Unemployment rate (expanded definition)",0.42599999999999999]
[null,"Youth unemployment rate (15-24)",0.60699999999999998]
[null,"Unemployed Black people as a proportion of total unemployed ",0.90800000000000003]
[null,"Unemployed aged 15-34 as a proportion of total unemployed",0.67800000000000005]
[null,"Short-term unemployment (less than 1 year) as proportion of total unemployed",0.22700000000000001]
[null,"Long-term unemployment (1 year and more) as proportion of total unemployed",0.77400000000000002]
[null,"a All figures are for the second quarter of 2023, unless otherwise stated. All unemployment figures are according to the official definition, unless otherwise stated. "]

{"sheet":"OVERALL EMPLOYMENT PICTURE","index":2,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Labour market trends 01&24","index":3,"n_rows":37,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":37,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[33,0,33,4],[34,0,34,4],[35,0,35,4],[36,0,36,4],[1,0,1,4],[3,0,3,4],[5,0,5,4],[7,3,7,4],[30,0,30,4],[32,0,32,4]]}
[]
["THE OVERALL EMPLOYMENT PICTURE"]
[]
["Labour market trends"]
[]
["Labour market trends 2001 and 2024"]
[]
[null,null,null,"—Change—"]
[null,2001,2024,"Number","Proportion"]
["Total population",44819778,"63 015 904a",17207725,0.38400000000000001]
["Total aged 15- 64 ",27265000,41556419,{"$f":"C11-B11","v":14291419},{"$f":"(C11-B11)/B11","v":0.52416721070970107}]
["Total economically active",16575000,25036158,{"$f":"C12-B12","v":8461158},{"$f":"(C12-B12)/B12","v":0.51047710407239821}]
["Proportion aged 15-64 economically active",0.60799999999999998,{"$f":"C12/C11","v":0.60246187237644322},"—",-9.1087625387446802E-3]
["Total not economically activeb",10690000,16260000,{"$f":"C14-B14","v":5570000},0.52104770813844714]
["— discouraged workseekersc",1725000,3195000,{"$f":"C15-B15","v":1470000},0.85217391304347823]
["— other not economically actived",8965000,13065000,{"$f":"C16-B16","v":4100000},0.45733407696597883]
["Proportion aged 15-64 not economically active",{"$f":"B14/B11","v":0.39207775536401979},{"$f":"C14/C11","v":0.39127529251257187},"—",{"$f":"(C17-B17)/B17","v":-2.0466931379539222E-3}]
["Total employed",12494000,16652000,{"$f":"(C18-12494000)","v":4158000},0.33279974387706102]
["— formal sector (not agriculture)",6984000,11467000,{"$f":"C19-B19","v":4483000},0.64189576174112262]
["— informal sector (not agriculture)",3353000,3129000,-224000,-6.6805845511482248E-2]
["— agriculture (formal and informal)",968000,896000,-72000,-7.43801652892562E-2]
["— private households",1188000,11160000,9972000,8.3939393939393945]
["Total unemployed",4081000,8384000,4303000,1.0543984317569224]
["Total unemployed (expanded)",6609000,11579000,4970000,0.75200484188228178]
["Proportion aged 15-64 unemployed",0.15,{"$f":"C23/C11","v":0.20174981872234948},"—",0.34499879148232993]
["Proportion aged 15- 64 unemployed (expanded)",{"$f":"B24/B11","v":0.24239867962589401},{"$f":"C24/C11","v":0.27863324797066852},"—",0.14948335692544665]
["Unemployment rate (official)",0.246,0.33500000000000002,"—",0.36178861788617894]
["Unemployment rate (expanded)",0.317,0.42599999999999999,"—",0.34384858044164035]
["Labour market participation ratee",0.60799999999999998,0.60599999999999998,"—",-3.2894736842105292E-3]
["Labour absorption ratef",0.45800000000000002,0.40300000000000002,"—",{"$f":"(C30-B30)/B30","v":-0.12008733624454146}]
["Source: Statistics South Africa (Stats SA), Labour Force Survey Historical revision March series 2001 to 2021, Statistical release P0210, p8, 16; Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024; Economically active population QLFS Q2 2024, accessed 18 August 2024; Mid-year population estimates 2024, Statistical release P0302, p14, accessed 18 August 2024"]
["a 2024 Mid-year population estimates data."]
["b People aged 15 to  64 who were neither employed nor unemployed during the reference week of the Quarterly Labour Force Survey. This category includes students, homemakers, people with a disability, those too old/young to work, discouraged, and other."]
["c People who were not employed during the reference week of the survey, wanted to work/start a business but did not take active steps to find work during the last four weeks prior to being interviewed by Stats SA, provided that the main reason given for not seeking work was any of the following: no jobs available in the area, unable to find work requiring his/her skills, lost hope of finding any kind of work."]
["d This category includes students, homemakers, people with disability, those too old/young to work and other. "]
["e Measures the proportion of the working-age population that is economically active, since it distinguishes between economic activity (the employed plus the unemployed) and non-activity (including full-time students, homemakers, and pensioners)."]
["f  Measures the proportion of the working-age population that is employed — in other words, all those who do any work for pay, profit or family gain."]

{"sheet":"Labour market trends 23-24","index":4,"n_rows":33,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":33,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[31,0,31,4],[32,0,32,4],[1,0,1,4],[3,3,3,4],[26,0,26,4],[28,0,28,4],[29,0,29,4],[30,0,30,4]]}
[]
["Labour market trends, 2023 and 2024"]
[]
[null,null,null,"—Change—"]
[null,2023,2024,"Number","Proportion"]
["Total population","62 027 503a","63 015 904a",988401,1.6E-2]
["Total aged 15-64",41673701,41556419,{"$f":"C7-B7","v":-117282},{"$f":"(C7-B7)/B7","v":-2.8142928798188574E-3}]
["Total economically active",24594000,25036158,{"$f":"C8-B8","v":442158},{"$f":"(C8-B8)/B8","v":1.7978287387167603E-2}]
["Proportion aged 15-64 economically active",{"$f":"B8/B7","v":0.59015636744142308},{"$f":"C8/C7","v":0.60246187237644322},"—",{"$f":"(C9-B9)/B9","v":2.0851261824674869E-2}]
["Total not economically activeb",16292000,16260000,{"$f":"C10-B10","v":-32000},{"$f":"(C10-B10)/B10","v":-1.9641541861036092E-3}]
["– discouraged workseekersc",3182000,3195000,{"$f":"C11-B11","v":13000},4.0854808296668758E-3]
["– otherd",13296000,13065000,-231000,-1.7373646209386282E-2]
["Proportion aged 15- 64 not economically active",{"$f":"B10/B7","v":0.39094199960785819},{"$f":"C10/C7","v":0.39127529251257187},"—",{"$f":"(C13-B13)/B13","v":8.5253798529703558E-4}]
["Total employed",16346000,16652000,{"$f":"C14-B14","v":306000},{"$f":"(C14-B14)/B14","v":1.872017618989355E-2}]
["– formal sector (not agriculture)",11329000,11467000,{"$f":"C15-B15","v":138000},1.2181128078382911E-2]
["– informal sector (not agriculture)",3029000,3129000,100000,3.3014196104324857E-2]
["– agriculture (formal and informal)",894000,896000,2000,2.2371364653243847E-3]
["– private households",1093000,1160000,67000,6.1299176578225069E-2]
["Total unemployed",7921000,8384000,463000,5.8452215629339728E-2]
["Total unemployed (expanded)",11872000,11579000,-293000,-2.4679919137466307E-2]
["Proportion aged 15- 64 unemployed",{"$f":"B19/B7","v":0.19007191129964676},{"$f":"C19/C7","v":0.20174981872234948},"—",6.1439417023026612E-2]
["Proportion aged 15- 64 unemployed (expanded)",{"$f":"B20/B7","v":0.28487990543484487},{"$f":"C20/C7","v":0.27863324797066852},"—",-2.1927336203799153E-2]
["Unemployment rate (official)",0.32600000000000001,0.33500000000000002,"—",2.7607361963190209E-2]
["Unemployment rate (expanded)",0.42099999999999999,0.42599999999999999,"—",1.1876484560570083E-2]
["Labour market participation ratee",0.59599999999999997,0.60599999999999998,"—",1.67785234899329E-2]
["Labour absorption ratef",0.40100000000000002,0.40300000000000002,"—",4.9875311720698296E-3]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024; Economically active population QLFS Q2 2024, accessed 18 August 2024"]
["a Mid-year population estimates 2024 data."]
["b   People aged 15 to  64 who are neither employed nor unemployed during the reference week of the Quarterly Labour Force Survey. This category includes students, homemakers, people with a disability, those too old/young to work, discouraged and other."]
["c   People who were not employed during the reference week of the survey, wanted to work/start a business but did not take active steps to find work during the last four weeks prior to being interviewed by Stats SA, provided that the main reason given for not seeking work was any of the following: no jobs available in the area, unable to find work requiring his/her skills, lost hope of finding any kind of work."]
["d   This category includes students, homemakers, people with disability, those too old/young to work and other. "]
["e  Measures the proportion of the working-age population that is economically active, since it distinguishes between economic activity (the employed plus the unemployed) and non-activity (including full-time students, homemakers, and pensioners)."]
["f  Measures the proportion of the working-age population that is employed — in other words, all those who do any work for pay, profit or family gain."]

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[]
["The employed, unemployed and discouraged workseekers, 1994-2024"]
[]
[null,"—Employed—",null,"—Unemployed—",null,"—Discouraged\nworkseekersa—"]
["Yearb","Number","Year-on-\nyear change","Number","Year-on-\nyear change","Number","Year-on-\nyear change","Real GDP\ngrowth"]
[1994,7971000,"–",1988000,"–",1684000,"–",3.2000000000000001E-2]
[1995,8069000,1.2E-2,1644000,-0.17299999999999999,1677000,-4.0000000000000001E-3,3.1E-2]
[1996,7590000,-5.8999999999999997E-2,2019000,0.22800000000000001,2178000,0.29899999999999999,4.2999999999999997E-2]
[1997,7548000,-6.0000000000000001E-3,2238000,0.108,2313000,6.2E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2]
[1998,9390000,0.24399999999999999,3163000,0.41299999999999998,2471000,6.8000000000000005E-2,5.0000000000000001E-3]
[1999,10369000,0.104,3158000,-2E-3,2724000,0.10199999999999999,2.4E-2]
[2000,11880000,0.14599999999999999,4333000,0.372,2220000,-0.185,4.2000000000000003E-2]
[2001,12494000,5.1999999999999998E-2,4081000,-5.8000000000000003E-2,1725000,"—c",2.7E-2]
[2002,11995000,-0.04,4603000,0.128,1958000,0.13500000000000001,3.6999999999999998E-2]
[2003,11666000,-2.7E-2,4843000,5.1999999999999998E-2,2067000,5.6000000000000001E-2,2.9000000000000001E-2]
[2004,11823000,1.2999999999999999E-2,4231000,-0.126,2285000,0.105,4.5999999999999999E-2]
[2005,12503000,5.8000000000000003E-2,3993000,-5.6000000000000001E-2,2324000,1.7000000000000001E-2,5.2999999999999999E-2]
[2006,13237000,5.8999999999999997E-2,3984000,-2E-3,2445000,5.1999999999999998E-2,5.6000000000000001E-2]
[2007,13236000,0,4119000,3.4000000000000002E-2,2511000,2.7E-2,5.3999999999999999E-2]
[2008,14584000,0.10199999999999999,4267000,3.5999999999999997E-2,1101000,"—c",3.2000000000000001E-2]
[2009,14357000,-1.6E-2,4341000,1.7000000000000001E-2,1536000,0.39500000000000002,-1.4999999999999999E-2]
[2010,13809000,-3.7999999999999999E-2,4622000,6.5000000000000002E-2,1960000,0.27600000000000002,0.03]
[2011,13922000,8.0000000000000002E-3,4782000,3.5000000000000003E-2,2214000,0.13,3.2000000000000001E-2]
[2012,14330000,2.9000000000000001E-2,4721000,-1.2999999999999999E-2,2360000,6.6000000000000003E-2,2.4E-2]
[2013,14692000,2.5000000000000001E-2,4972000,5.2999999999999999E-2,2425000,2.8000000000000001E-2,2.5000000000000001E-2]
[2014,15094000,2.7E-2,5154000,3.6999999999999998E-2,2419000,-2E-3,1.4E-2]
[2015,15657000,3.6999999999999998E-2,5230000,1.4999999999999999E-2,2434000,6.0000000000000001E-3,1.2999999999999999E-2]
[2016,15545000,-7.0000000000000001E-3,5634000,7.6999999999999999E-2,2526000,{"$f":"(F28-F27)/F27","v":3.7797863599013971E-2},7.0000000000000001E-3]
[2017,16100000,3.5999999999999997E-2,6177000,9.6000000000000002E-2,2361000,-6.5000000000000002E-2,1.2E-2]
[2018,16288000,1.2E-2,6083000,-1.4999999999999999E-2,2864000,0.21299999999999999,1.4999999999999999E-2]
[2019,16313000,2E-3,6655000,9.4E-2,2749000,-0.04,3.0000000000000001E-3]
[2020,14148000,{"$f":"(B32-B31)/B31","v":-0.13271623858272544},4295000,{"$f":"(D32-D31)/D31","v":-0.35462058602554469},2471000,{"$f":"(F32-F31)/F31","v":-0.10112768279374318},-6.4000000000000001E-2]
[2021,14942000,5.6000000000000001E-2,7826000,0.82199999999999995,3317000,0.34200000000000003,4.9000000000000002E-2]
[2022,15562000,4.1000000000000002E-2,7994000,2.1000000000000001E-2,3568000,7.5999999999999998E-2,1.7999999999999999E-2]
[2023,16346000,{"$f":"(B35-B34)/B34","v":5.0379128646703505E-2},7921000,{"$f":"(D35-D34)/D34","v":-9.1318488866649981E-3},3182000,{"$f":"(F35-F34)/F34","v":-0.10818385650224215},"1.1%d"]
[2024,16652000,{"$f":"(B36-B35)/B35","v":1.872017618989355E-2},8384000,{"$f":"(D36-D35)/D35","v":5.8452215629339728E-2},3195000,{"$f":"(F36-F35)/F35","v":4.0854808296668758E-3},"0.4%d"]
["1994-2024",{"$f":"(B36-B6)/B6","v":1.0890728892234349},"—",{"$f":"(D36-D6)/D6","v":3.2173038229376258},"—",{"$f":"(F36-F6)/F6","v":0.89726840855106893},"—","—"]
["Source: Stats SA, Stats in brief, 2004, p67; Labour Force Survey Historical Revision March Series 2001–2007, Statistical release P0210; Quarterly Labour Force Survey Historical revisions of the QLFS 2008 to 2013, Statistical release P0211.3, 11 February 2014; QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024; Economically active population QLFS Q2 2024, Table 1, p1, accessed 18 August 2024\t\t\t\t"]
["a   People who were not employed during the reference week of the survey, wanted to work/start a business but did not take active steps to find work during the last four weeks prior to being interviewed by Stats SA, provided that the main reason given for not seeking work was any of the following: no jobs available in the area, unable to find work requiring his/her skills, lost hope of finding any kind of work."]
["b   From 1994 to 1999 the figures are based on October Household Surveys. For 2000, the figures are from the February 2000 Labour Force Survey. From 2001 to 2007 the figures are based on the Labour Force Survey Historical Revision March Series. From 2008 to 2024 the figures are based on the Quarterly Labour Force Survey, and refers to the second quarter. Therefore only the figures from 2008 to 2024 are strictly comparable."]
["c   The definition of discouraged workseekers was changed by Stats SA in 2008 to make it more restrictive. The figures from 2001 onwards have been revised and refer to the 2008 definition, whereas the figures for 1994 to 2000 refer to the old definition. The large drop in the number of discouraged workseekers between 2000 and 2001 can be explained by this, and for this reason a year-on-year change has not been calculated between these years. In 2014, the figures from 2008 to 2013 have been revised to incorporate the new population benchmarks from Census 2011."]
["d   Bureau for Economic Research (BER) forecast, 18 August 2024."]

{"sheet":"Employment & econom indicators","index":6,"n_rows":37,"n_cols":10,"rows_kept":37,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,9],[34,0,34,9],[35,0,35,9],[36,0,36,9]]}
[]
["Change in employment and main economic indicators, 1994-2023"]
[]
["Year","GDPa","GFCFa"," Consumer\nspendingab","CPI","Prime\noverdraft rate","Employment","Labour\nproductivity","\n Remuneration\nper workera","Nominal unit\nlabour costs"]
[1994,3.2000000000000001E-2,8.2000000000000003E-2,0.04,0.09,0.158,1.0999999999999999E-2,1.7000000000000001E-2,3.6999999999999998E-2,0.115]
[1995,3.1E-2,0.107,5.8999999999999997E-2,8.6999999999999994E-2,0.17899999999999999,1.7999999999999999E-2,1.9E-2,4.0000000000000001E-3,9.4E-2]
[1996,4.2999999999999997E-2,0.09,4.4999999999999998E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,0.19500000000000001,1.4999999999999999E-2,2.1999999999999999E-2,2.5000000000000001E-2,8.8999999999999996E-2]
[1997,2.5999999999999999E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,3.3000000000000002E-2,8.5999999999999993E-2,0.2,1E-3,2.5000000000000001E-2,2.1999999999999999E-2,7.9000000000000001E-2]
[1998,5.0000000000000001E-3,4.8000000000000001E-2,1.7000000000000001E-2,6.9000000000000006E-2,0.218,-2.1000000000000001E-2,0.03,8.5000000000000006E-2,0.13]
[1999,2.4E-2,-7.5999999999999998E-2,1.7000000000000001E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,0.18,-7.0000000000000001E-3,3.3000000000000002E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,0.06]
[2000,4.2000000000000003E-2,3.9E-2,4.1000000000000002E-2,5.2999999999999999E-2,0.14499999999999999,-1.0999999999999999E-2,5.5E-2,1E-3,3.7999999999999999E-2]
[2001,2.7E-2,2.8000000000000001E-2,3.5000000000000003E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,0.13800000000000001,-5.0000000000000001E-3,3.5999999999999997E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2,4.7E-2]
[2002,3.6999999999999998E-2,3.5000000000000003E-2,3.2000000000000001E-2,9.1999999999999998E-2,0.158,1.0999999999999999E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,-2E-3,9.5000000000000001E-2]
[2003,2.9000000000000001E-2,0.10199999999999999,2.8000000000000001E-2,5.8000000000000003E-2,0.15,-1.2999999999999999E-2,4.3999999999999997E-2,1.4999999999999999E-2,3.5999999999999997E-2]
[2004,4.5999999999999999E-2,0.129,6.2E-2,1.4E-2,0.113,0.03,1.6E-2,3.5000000000000003E-2,7.2999999999999995E-2]
[2005,5.2999999999999999E-2,0.11,6.0999999999999999E-2,3.4000000000000002E-2,0.106,4.2000000000000003E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,6.8000000000000005E-2]
[2006,5.6000000000000001E-2,0.121,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.7E-2,0.111,2.9000000000000001E-2,2.8000000000000001E-2,2.9000000000000001E-2,5.6000000000000001E-2]
[2007,5.3999999999999999E-2,0.13800000000000001,6.5000000000000002E-2,7.0999999999999994E-2,0.13100000000000001,0.03,2.4E-2,-6.0000000000000001E-3,4.5999999999999999E-2]
[2008,3.2000000000000001E-2,0.128,1.2E-2,0.115,0.151,2.1000000000000001E-2,8.0000000000000002E-3,3.7999999999999999E-2,0.11899999999999999]
[2009,-1.4999999999999999E-2,-6.7000000000000004E-2,-2.5999999999999999E-2,7.0999999999999994E-2,0.11899999999999999,-2.8000000000000001E-2,1.4E-2,2.1000000000000001E-2,0.10299999999999999]
[2010,0.03,-3.9E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,4.2999999999999997E-2,9.9000000000000005E-2,-5.0000000000000001E-3,3.5000000000000003E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,0.10100000000000001]
[2011,3.2000000000000001E-2,6.8000000000000005E-2,4.1000000000000002E-2,0.05,0.09,2.5999999999999999E-2,5.0000000000000001E-3,1.9E-2,6.6000000000000003E-2]
[2012,2.4E-2,1.7999999999999999E-2,3.2000000000000001E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,1.4999999999999999E-2,7.0000000000000001E-3,3.3000000000000002E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2]
[2013,2.5000000000000001E-2,5.3999999999999999E-2,1.6E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,8.5000000000000006E-2,8.0000000000000002E-3,1.7000000000000001E-2,1.4999999999999999E-2,5.5E-2]
[2014,1.4E-2,-1.2999999999999999E-2,7.0000000000000001E-3,6.0999999999999999E-2,9.0999999999999998E-2,4.0000000000000001E-3,8.9999999999999993E-3,1.6E-2,5.8000000000000003E-2]
[2015,1.2999999999999999E-2,1.2999999999999999E-2,2.1999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,9.4E-2,-1E-3,1.4E-2,1.9E-2,5.6000000000000001E-2]
[2016,7.0000000000000001E-3,-1.9E-2,7.0000000000000001E-3,6.4000000000000001E-2,0.104,6.0000000000000001E-3,4.0000000000000001E-3,-6.0000000000000001E-3,5.3999999999999999E-2]
[2017,1.2E-2,-0.02,1.7000000000000001E-2,5.2999999999999999E-2,0.104,-1E-3,8.9999999999999993E-3,2E-3,5.5E-2]
[2018,1.6E-2,-1.2E-2,3.2000000000000001E-2,4.7E-2,0.10100000000000001,7.0000000000000001E-3,0.01,1.4E-2,3.9E-2]
[2019,3.0000000000000001E-3,-1.7000000000000001E-2,1.2999999999999999E-2,4.1000000000000002E-2,0.10100000000000001,8.0000000000000002E-3,-4.0000000000000001E-3,-5.0000000000000001E-3,4.4999999999999998E-2]
[2020,-6.2E-2,-0.14799999999999999,-6.0999999999999999E-2,3.3000000000000002E-2,7.6999999999999999E-2,-4.9000000000000002E-2,-1.6E-2,-4.7E-2,2.5000000000000001E-2]
[2021,0.05,-4.0000000000000001E-3,6.2E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,-8.0000000000000002E-3,5.5E-2,8.9999999999999993E-3,1.7000000000000001E-2]
[2022,1.9E-2,4.8000000000000001E-2,2.5000000000000001E-2,6.9000000000000006E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,3.0000000000000001E-3,1.6E-2,-4.0000000000000001E-3,2.4E-2]
[2023,7.0000000000000001E-3,3.9E-2,7.0000000000000001E-3,0.06,0.115,1.0999999999999999E-2,-2E-3,-2E-3,4.7E-2]
["Source: South African Reserve Bank (SARB), www.resbank.co.za, time series data, accessed 10 October 2024"]
["a   At constant 2015 prices."]
["b   By households."]

{"sheet":"Compensation of employees  ","index":7,"n_rows":35,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":35,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,1,1,2],[34,1,34,2]]}
[]
[null,"Compensation of employees as a proportion of GDP, 1994-2023"]
[]
[null,"Year ","Proportion"]
[null,1994,0.54800000000000004]
[null,1995,0.54700000000000004]
[null,1996,0.54200000000000004]
[null,1997,0.54400000000000004]
[null,1998,0.55600000000000005]
[null,1999,0.55400000000000005]
[null,2000,0.53200000000000003]
[null,2001,0.51400000000000001]
[null,2002,0.48699999999999999]
[null,2003,0.49199999999999999]
[null,2004,0.496]
[null,2005,0.49299999999999999]
[null,2006,0.49199999999999999]
[null,2007,0.48899999999999999]
[null,2008,0.496]
[null,2009,0.498]
[null,2010,0.50700000000000001]
[null,2011,0.51700000000000002]
[null,2012,0.53]
[null,2013,0.53900000000000003]
[null,2014,0.54700000000000004]
[null,2015,0.55700000000000005]
[null,2016,0.55600000000000005]
[null,2017,0.55500000000000005]
[null,2018,0.55400000000000005]
[null,2019,0.55300000000000005]
[null,2020,0.54400000000000004]
[null,2021,0.52500000000000002]
[null,2022,0.51500000000000001]
[null,2023,0.51600000000000001]
[null,"Source: SARB, www.resbank.co.za, time series data, accessed 10 October 2024"]

{"sheet":"Dependency on employed","index":8,"n_rows":38,"n_cols":32,"rows_kept":38,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[13,31,13,37],[1,2,1,7],[36,2,36,7],[37,1,37,8]]}
[]
[null,null,"Dependency on the employed by race, 1994-2024"]
[]
[null,null,"Year","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Total"]
[null,null,1994,490,180,140,220,380]
[null,null,1995,490,200,130,230,390]
[null,null,1996,580,180,150,220,430]
[null,null,1997,590,200,130,240,450,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White"]
[null,null,1998,450,220,210,130,350,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"(51509312-12668000)/12668000*100","v":306.60966214082725},{"$f":"(5338586-1685000)/1685000*100","v":216.8300296735905},{"$f":"(1628794-552000)/552000*100","v":195.07137681159421},{"$f":"(4539212-1749000)/1748000*100","v":159.62311212814646}]
[null,null,1999,400,190,180,120,320]
[null,null,2000,330,190,180,120,270]
[null,null,2001,300,190,190,120,260]
[null,null,2002,330,190,200,120,280]
[null,null,2003,370,190,190,110,300,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Formula: (Total population -employed)/employed*100"]
[null,null,2004,360,180,190,120,290]
[null,null,2005,330,190,180,110,280]
[null,null,2006,310,190,160,110,260]
[null,null,2007,310,180,170,110,260]
[null,null,2008,300,180,160,120,250]
[null,null,2009,320,180,170,120,270]
[null,null,2010,340,200,160,130,280]
[null,null,2011,340,220,160,130,290]
[null,null,2012,320,210,170,140,280]
[null,null,2013,331,223,160,139,286]
[null,null,2014,291,198,180,135,257]
[null,null,2015,280,200,180,130,250]
[null,null,2016,280,200,170,130,250]
[null,null,2017,279.67,200,168,134,250]
[null,null,2018,284,196,165,144,254]
[null,null,2019,287,207,184,152,260]
[null,null,2020,356,272,216,176,321]
[null,null,2021,331,274,217,138,303]
[null,null,2022,316,249,186,173,289]
[null,null,2023,302,213,201,166,275]
[null,null,2024,307,217,195,160,278]
[null,null,"1994-2024",{"$f":"(D35-D5)/D5","v":-0.37346938775510202},{"$f":"(E35-E5)/E5","v":0.20555555555555555},0.39285714285714285,-0.27272727272727271,-0.26842105263157895]
[null,null,"Source: CRA calculations based on Stats SA data"]
[null,"This table shows the number of people not working (including both the officially unemployed, those who choose not to work, and those too young or old to work) for every 100 employed people. For example, in 1994, there were on average 490 black people who were not working for every 100 employed black people. The total column reflects the average for the whole country. So in 1994, there were 380 people not working for every 100 employed. This data gives a more comprehensive picture of dependency than the official dependency ratio, which assesses the ratio of the young and old to the working-age population, regardless of whether they are actually working or not (also see the Demographics chapter)."]

{"sheet":"Participation.absorption","index":9,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Participation rate by race","index":10,"n_rows":43,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":43,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[6,0,6,5],[3,0,3,5],[1,0,1,5],[42,0,42,5],[4,0,4,5]]}
[]
["Labour market participation and absorption rates\n"]
[]
["The labour market participation rate refers to the proportion of the working-age population (between 15 and 64) that is economically active (employed or unemployed). Excluded are people of working age who are not available for work — among them,  pupils, students, homemakers, those who are retired and those unwilling or unable to work. In other words, the labour market participation rate refers to the supply of labour or the economically active expressed as a percentage."]
["The labour absorption rate measures the proportion of the working-age population that is employed — in other words all those who do any work for pay, profit or family gain. Put differently, the labour absorption rate refers to the demand for labour [Stats SA, Quarterly Labour Force Survey]."]
[]
["Labour market participation by race, 1994-2024"]
[]
["Year","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Total"]
[1994,0.43099999999999999,0.60499999999999998,0.52900000000000003,0.63300000000000001,0.47699999999999998]
[1995,0.41199999999999998,0.55900000000000005,0.54700000000000004,0.60899999999999999,0.45500000000000002]
[1996,0.39,0.56799999999999995,0.52300000000000002,0.61699999999999999,0.44]
[1997,0.39500000000000002,0.55100000000000005,0.54,0.58099999999999996,0.439]
[1998,0.44900000000000001,0.58299999999999996,0.54500000000000004,0.65,0.48799999999999999]
[1999,0.47199999999999998,0.626,0.60799999999999998,0.67700000000000005,0.51500000000000001]
[2000,0.59199999999999997,0.67600000000000005,0.64500000000000002,0.68600000000000005,0.61299999999999999]
[2001,0.58799999999999997,0.66900000000000004,0.60799999999999998,0.68500000000000005,0.60799999999999998]
[2002,0.56999999999999995,0.68899999999999995,0.59099999999999997,0.69599999999999995,0.59699999999999998]
[2003,0.55300000000000005,0.68400000000000005,0.627,0.68500000000000005,0.58299999999999996]
[2004,0.52700000000000002,0.65600000000000003,0.57999999999999996,0.67200000000000004,0.55700000000000005]
[2005,0.53300000000000003,0.65200000000000002,0.58899999999999997,0.68400000000000005,0.56299999999999994]
[2006,0.55400000000000005,0.64900000000000002,0.58299999999999996,0.68799999999999994,0.57799999999999996]
[2007,0.55400000000000005,0.66,0.56200000000000006,0.67900000000000005,0.57699999999999996]
[2008,0.57299999999999995,0.65,0.61599999999999999,0.69899999999999995,0.59499999999999997]
[2009,0.55400000000000005,0.65,0.59299999999999997,0.70099999999999996,0.57899999999999996]
[2010,0.53300000000000003,0.64100000000000001,0.61099999999999999,0.68799999999999994,0.56100000000000005]
[2011,0.53500000000000003,0.61,0.60899999999999999,0.68400000000000005,0.55900000000000005]
[2012,0.53600000000000003,0.63700000000000001,0.56799999999999995,0.67700000000000005,0.55900000000000005]
[2013,0.54300000000000004,0.63700000000000001,0.624,0.68100000000000005,0.56599999999999995]
[2014,0.55200000000000005,0.65300000000000002,0.57399999999999995,0.67600000000000005,0.57299999999999995]
[2015,0.56399999999999995,0.64200000000000002,0.57899999999999996,0.67300000000000004,0.58099999999999996]
[2016,0.56399999999999995,0.622,0.57999999999999996,0.67600000000000005,0.57899999999999996]
[2017,0.58699999999999997,0.627,0.61,0.67300000000000004,0.59899999999999998]
[2018,0.57599999999999996,0.65,0.60899999999999999,0.67500000000000004,0.59099999999999997]
[2019,0.58699999999999997,0.626,0.59099999999999997,0.67500000000000004,0.59799999999999998]
[2020,0.45400000000000001,0.497,0.55900000000000005,0.61799999999999999,0.47299999999999998]
[2021,0.56699999999999995,0.56000000000000005,0.58799999999999997,0.67400000000000004,0.57499999999999996]
[2022,0.57899999999999996,0.59199999999999997,0.62,0.65300000000000002,0.58599999999999997]
[2023,0.58699999999999997,0.61599999999999999,0.59899999999999998,0.66900000000000004,0.59599999999999997]
[2024,0.59399999999999997,0.60799999999999998,0.57999999999999996,0.67700000000000005,0.60599999999999998]
["1994-2024",{"$f":"(B40-B10)/B10","v":0.3781902552204176},{"$f":"(C40-C10)/C10","v":4.9586776859504179E-3},{"$f":"(D40-D10)/D10","v":9.640831758034013E-2},{"$f":"(E40-E10)/E10","v":6.951026856240132E-2},{"$f":"(F40-F10)/F10","v":0.27044025157232704}]
["2023-24",{"$f":"(B40-B39)/B39","v":1.192504258943783E-2},{"$f":"(C40-C39)/C39","v":-1.2987012987012998E-2},{"$f":"(D40-D39)/D39","v":-3.1719532554257128E-2},{"$f":"(E40-E39)/E39","v":1.1958146487294478E-2},{"$f":"(F40-F39)/F39","v":1.67785234899329E-2}]
["Source: QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]

{"sheet":"Labour mark part.rate by race","index":11,"n_rows":10,"n_cols":11,"rows_kept":10,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[9,0,11,10],[8,0,8,8],[1,0,1,10],[3,0,4,0],[3,1,3,2],[3,3,3,4],[3,5,3,6],[3,7,3,8],[3,9,3,10]]}
[]
["Labour market participation ratea by race and sex, 2023 and 2024"]
[]
["Sex","—Black—",null,"—Coloured—",null,"—Indian/Asian—",null,"—White—",null,"—Total—"]
[null,2023,2024,2023,2024,2023,2024,2023,2024,2023,2024]
["Male",0.63600000000000001,0.64400000000000002,0.67800000000000005,0.67,0.72399999999999998,0.73299999999999998,0.73699999999999999,0.74299999999999999,0.64900000000000002,0.65559999999999996]
["Female",0.53800000000000003,0.55500000000000005,0.55800000000000005,0.55200000000000005,0.46200000000000002,0.47199999999999998,0.60199999999999998,0.628,0.54300000000000004,0.5575]
["Total",0.58699999999999997,0.59899999999999998,0.61599999999999999,0.60899999999999999,0.59899999999999998,0.60799999999999998,0.66900000000000004,0.6855,0.59599999999999997,0.60599999999999998]
["Source: Stats SA, email communication, 9 September 2024"]
["a   Stats SA defines the labour market participation rate as the proportion of the working-age population (between 15 and 64) that is economically active (employed or unemployed). Excluded are people of working age who are not available for work — among them pupils, students, homemakers, those who are retired, and those unwilling or unable to work."]

{"sheet":"Labour force absorption rate","index":12,"n_rows":32,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":32,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[31,0,31,5],[30,0,30,5]]}
[]
["Labour absorption ratea by race, 2001-24"]
[]
["Year","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Total"]
[2001,0.42099999999999999,0.51800000000000002,0.51500000000000001,0.63300000000000001,0.45800000000000002]
[2002,0.38600000000000001,0.51300000000000001,0.48,0.64600000000000002,0.43099999999999999]
[2003,0.36199999999999999,0.52100000000000002,0.505,0.63200000000000001,0.41199999999999998]
[2004,0.36,0.52600000000000002,0.48399999999999999,0.63500000000000001,0.41]
[2005,0.38100000000000001,0.52200000000000002,0.50700000000000001,0.64500000000000002,0.42599999999999999]
[2006,0.40400000000000003,0.51800000000000002,0.52800000000000002,0.64800000000000002,0.44400000000000001]
[2007,0.40100000000000002,0.51900000000000002,0.501,0.64900000000000002,0.441]
[2008,0.42199999999999999,0.52300000000000002,0.54100000000000004,0.66800000000000004,0.46]
[2009,0.40300000000000002,0.52400000000000002,0.52900000000000003,0.66900000000000004,0.44500000000000001]
[2010,0.378,0.496,0.55200000000000005,0.64300000000000002,0.42]
[2011,0.376,0.46899999999999997,0.54300000000000004,0.65,0.41599999999999998]
[2012,0.38400000000000001,0.47799999999999998,0.51500000000000001,0.63900000000000001,0.42]
[2013,0.38800000000000001,0.47599999999999998,0.54300000000000004,0.64,0.42299999999999999]
[2014,0.39600000000000002,0.48799999999999999,0.505,0.622,0.42699999999999999]
[2015,0.40699999999999997,0.48499999999999999,0.501,0.626,0.435]
[2016,0.39400000000000002,0.47799999999999998,0.51200000000000001,0.63100000000000001,0.42499999999999999]
[2017,0.40400000000000003,0.47899999999999998,0.52900000000000003,0.63500000000000001,0.433]
[2018,0.4,0.498,0.54100000000000004,0.62,0.43099999999999999]
[2019,0.39500000000000002,0.48499999999999999,0.52400000000000002,0.625,0.42399999999999999]
[2020,0.33400000000000002,0.40300000000000002,0.47899999999999998,0.57999999999999996,0.36299999999999999]
[2021,0.35,0.4,0.47399999999999998,0.61599999999999999,0.377]
[2022,0.36,0.43,0.52400000000000002,0.59699999999999998,0.38700000000000001]
[2023,0.371,0.48199999999999998,0.499,0.62,0.40100000000000002]
[2024,0.379,0.47599999999999998,0.51300000000000001,0.62,0.40799999999999997]
["2001-24",{"$f":"(B28-B5)/B5","v":-9.9762470308788556E-2},{"$f":"(C28-C5)/C5","v":-8.1081081081081155E-2},-3.8834951456310713E-3,-2.0537124802527663E-2,-0.10917030567685598]
["2023-24",{"$f":"(B28-B27)/B27","v":2.1563342318059318E-2},{"$f":"(C28-C27)/C27","v":-1.2448132780082999E-2},2.8056112224448922E-2,0,1.7456359102244266E-2]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2023Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a The labour absorption rate measures the proportion of the working-age population that is employed — in other words, all those who do any work for pay, profit or family gain."]

{"sheet":"Intern. Labour particip.rat SC","index":13,"n_rows":50,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":50,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[46,0,46,7],[47,0,47,7],[49,0,49,7],[48,0,48,7],[44,0,44,7],[45,0,45,7],[42,0,42,7],[43,0,43,7],[1,0,1,7],[3,1,3,2],[3,3,3,4],[3,5,3,6],[3,7,4,7]]}
[]
["Labour force participationa and unemployment ratesb, \nselected countries, 2009 and 2024"]
[]
[null,"—Male—",null,"—Female—",null,"—Total—",null,"Unemployment\nrate 2024c"]
["Country",2009,2024,2009,2024,2009,2024]
["Australia",0.82499999999999996,0.71699999999999997,0.70099999999999996,0.628,0.76400000000000001,0.67200000000000004,4.2000000000000003E-2]
["Botswana",0.71499999999999997,0.73099999999999998,0.58499999999999996,0.63100000000000001,0.65,0.67800000000000005,0.25900000000000001]
["Brazil",0.81699999999999995,0.73099999999999998,0.59899999999999998,0.53100000000000003,0.70599999999999996,0.628,6.6000000000000003E-2]
["Chile",0.79700000000000004,0.71399999999999997,0.51900000000000002,0.52,0.65800000000000003,0.61499999999999999,8.6999999999999994E-2]
["China","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A",5.2999999999999999E-2]
["Denmark",0.83699999999999997,0.67700000000000005,0.76800000000000002,0.59699999999999998,0.80300000000000005,0.63600000000000001,2.5999999999999999E-2]
["Egyptd",0.78100000000000003,0.69199999999999995,0.24399999999999999,0.15,0.51600000000000001,0.42799999999999999,6.5000000000000002E-2]
["France",0.75,0.60099999999999998,0.65600000000000003,0.52800000000000002,0.70299999999999996,0.56299999999999994,7.2999999999999995E-2]
["Germany",0.82199999999999995,0.66700000000000004,0.70399999999999996,0.56399999999999995,0.76400000000000001,0.61499999999999999,0.06]
["Ghanad",0.73599999999999999,0.65200000000000002,0.68799999999999994,0.62,0.71099999999999997,0.63400000000000001,3.5999999999999997E-2]
["Greece",0.78700000000000003,0.6,0.56999999999999995,0.44800000000000001,0.67900000000000005,0.52200000000000002,9.9000000000000005E-2]
["Hong Kong",0.79100000000000004,0.63600000000000001,0.61199999999999999,0.52200000000000002,0.69499999999999995,0.57299999999999995,0.03]
["India",0.83899999999999997,0.76400000000000001,0.28399999999999997,0.35099999999999998,0.57099999999999995,0.55800000000000005,8.5000000000000006E-2]
["Indonesia",0.84299999999999997,0.82199999999999995,0.52200000000000002,0.53400000000000003,0.68400000000000005,0.67900000000000005,4.82E-2]
["Ireland",0.80900000000000005,0.70799999999999996,0.65200000000000002,0.60399999999999998,0.73099999999999998,0.65500000000000003,4.2999999999999997E-2]
["Israel",0.76,0.68899999999999995,0.66100000000000003,0.61399999999999999,0.71,0.65100000000000002,2.5999999999999999E-2]
["Italy",0.73499999999999999,0.58799999999999997,0.50900000000000001,0.41499999999999998,0.622,0.499,6.5000000000000002E-2]
["Japan",0.84899999999999998,0.71399999999999997,0.628,0.54800000000000004,0.74,0.629,2.7E-2]
["Kazakhstan",0.80300000000000005,0.746,0.72699999999999998,0.63300000000000001,0.76400000000000001,0.68700000000000006,4.7E-2]
["Lithuania",0.71699999999999997,0.68500000000000005,0.67700000000000005,0.58499999999999996,0.69599999999999995,0.63100000000000001,8.5000000000000006E-2]
["Mexico",0.83399999999999996,0.76400000000000001,0.46100000000000002,0.46200000000000002,0.64600000000000002,0.60399999999999998,2.9000000000000001E-2]
["Mozambique","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
["Nigeria","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A",5.2999999999999999E-2]
["Pakistane",0.83299999999999996,0.81,0.217,0.245,0.53200000000000003,0.52700000000000002,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Philippinesd",0.77800000000000002,0.72499999999999998,0.498,0.502,0.64,0.61399999999999999,4.7E-2]
["Poland",0.71699999999999997,0.66300000000000003,0.57699999999999996,0.52,0.64700000000000002,0.58799999999999997,0.05]
["Russia",0.77400000000000002,0.70499999999999996,0.68600000000000005,0.56200000000000006,0.72899999999999998,0.627,2.4E-2]
["Saudi Arabia",0.754,0.83599999999999997,0.18,0.34599999999999997,0.51800000000000002,0.66600000000000004,3.3000000000000002E-2]
["South Africa",0.65700000000000003,0.61399999999999999,0.50600000000000001,0.49,0.57999999999999996,0.55000000000000004,0.33500000000000002]
["Spain",0.81100000000000005,0.63,0.65100000000000002,0.53400000000000003,0.73199999999999998,0.58099999999999996,0.11269999999999999]
["Switzerland",0.878,0.72899999999999998,0.77100000000000002,0.626,0.82499999999999996,0.67700000000000005,2.4E-2]
["Thailand",0.86,0.76600000000000001,0.70699999999999996,0.60599999999999998,0.78200000000000003,0.68200000000000005,1.0699999999999999E-2]
["Turkey","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A",8.7999999999999995E-2]
["Ugandae",0.76700000000000002,0.84199999999999997,0.67,0.745,0.71799999999999997,0.79200000000000004,2.9000000000000001E-2]
["United Kingdom",0.81699999999999995,0.66600000000000004,0.69299999999999995,0.58099999999999996,0.755,0.622,4.1000000000000002E-2]
["United States",0.78800000000000003,0.68100000000000005,0.67800000000000005,0.57299999999999995,0.73299999999999998,0.626,4.2000000000000003E-2]
["Venezuelaf",0.82199999999999995,0.72699999999999998,0.54400000000000004,0.47199999999999998,0.68300000000000005,0.59899999999999998,5.8999999999999997E-2]
["Source: International Labour Organisation (ILO), ILO modelled estimates, January 2024, accessed  28 October 2024; tradingeconomics.com, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a The figures used for labour force participation are drawn from the International Labour Organisation statistical database. The figures used are from 2023, unless indicated otherwise. "]
["b The labour force participation rate is the proportion of the population aged 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labour for the production of goods and services during a specified period."]
["c The unemployment figures are for the latest period of 2024 or the latest available data."]
["d 2022 data. "]
["e 2021 data."]
["f 2020 data."]
["N/A — Not available."]

{"sheet":"Intern. Labour particip.rate EM","index":14,"n_rows":47,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":47,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[45,0,45,7],[46,0,46,7],[44,0,44,7],[42,0,42,7],[43,0,43,7],[40,0,40,7],[41,0,41,7],[1,0,1,7],[3,1,3,2],[3,3,3,4],[3,5,3,6],[3,7,4,7]]}
[]
["Labour force participationa and unemployment ratesb, emerging \nand selected frontier markets, 2009 and 2024"]
[]
[null,"—Male—",null,"—Female—",null,"— Total—",null,"Unemployment\nrate 2024b"]
["Country",2009,2024,2009,2024,2009,2024]
["Brazil",0.81699999999999995,0.73099999999999998,0.59899999999999998,0.53100000000000003,0.70599999999999996,0.628,6.6000000000000003E-2]
["Bulgaria",0.72799999999999998,0.622,0.623,0.498,0.67600000000000005,0.55700000000000005,5.2999999999999999E-2]
["Chile",0.79700000000000004,0.71399999999999997,0.51900000000000002,0.52,0.65800000000000003,0.61499999999999999,8.6999999999999994E-2]
["China","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A",5.2999999999999999E-2]
["Colombia",0.85399999999999998,0.76400000000000001,0.58899999999999997,0.52,0.71899999999999997,0.63700000000000001,9.9000000000000005E-2]
["Czech Republic",0.78400000000000003,0.68500000000000005,0.61499999999999999,0.51700000000000002,0.7,0.59899999999999998,3.7999999999999999E-2]
["Egypt",0.78100000000000003,0.69199999999999995,0.24399999999999999,0.15,0.51600000000000001,0.42799999999999999,6.5000000000000002E-2]
["Estonia",0.77900000000000003,0.71599999999999997,0.70599999999999996,0.62,0.74199999999999999,0.66500000000000004,7.5999999999999998E-2]
["Greece",0.78700000000000003,0.6,0.56999999999999995,0.44800000000000001,0.67900000000000005,0.52200000000000002,9.9000000000000005E-2]
["Hungary",0.67700000000000005,0.68300000000000005,0.54900000000000004,0.54500000000000004,0.61199999999999999,0.61,4.2999999999999997E-2]
["India",0.83899999999999997,0.76400000000000001,0.28399999999999997,0.35099999999999998,0.57099999999999995,0.55800000000000005,8.5000000000000006E-2]
["Indonesia",0.84299999999999997,0.82199999999999995,0.52200000000000002,0.53400000000000003,0.68400000000000005,0.67900000000000005,4.82E-2]
["Jordand",0.71699999999999997,0.60499999999999998,0.16500000000000001,0.13800000000000001,0.44800000000000001,0.38600000000000001,0.214]
["Kuwait",0.84299999999999997,0.878,0.53400000000000003,0.499,0.72,0.73799999999999999,2.1000000000000001E-2]
["Latvia",0.76900000000000002,0.67900000000000005,0.70799999999999996,0.55700000000000005,0.73699999999999999,0.61199999999999999,6.9000000000000006E-2]
["Lithuania",0.71699999999999997,0.68500000000000005,0.67700000000000005,0.58499999999999996,0.69599999999999995,0.63100000000000001,8.5000000000000006E-2]
["Malaysiad",0.78600000000000003,0.81899999999999995,0.46200000000000002,0.55800000000000005,0.63,0.69299999999999995,3.3000000000000002E-2]
["Mauritius",0.79500000000000004,0.69699999999999995,0.46100000000000002,0.46899999999999997,0.628,0.57899999999999996,6.3E-2]
["Mexico",0.83399999999999996,0.76400000000000001,0.46100000000000002,0.46200000000000002,0.64600000000000002,0.60399999999999998,2.9000000000000001E-2]
["Moroccod",0.79300000000000004,0.69599999999999995,0.27400000000000002,0.19800000000000001,0.52700000000000002,0.443,0.13100000000000001]
["Omand",0.82599999999999996,0.86499999999999999,0.27600000000000002,0.39900000000000002,0.621,0.70599999999999996,1.4999999999999999E-2]
["Pakistane",0.83299999999999996,0.80700000000000005,0.217,0.245,0.53200000000000003,0.52700000000000002,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Peru",0.88600000000000001,0.80500000000000005,0.73499999999999999,0.65100000000000002,0.81,0.72699999999999998,6.0999999999999999E-2]
["Philippines",0.77800000000000002,0.72499999999999998,0.498,0.502,0.64,0.61399999999999999,4.7E-2]
["Poland",0.71699999999999997,0.66300000000000003,0.57699999999999996,0.52,0.64700000000000002,0.58799999999999997,0.05]
["Qatard",0.95199999999999996,0.95299999999999996,0.497,0.61699999999999999,0.85699999999999998,0.874,1E-3]
["Romania",0.70699999999999996,0.61899999999999999,0.55100000000000005,0.41899999999999998,0.628,0.51500000000000001,5.3999999999999999E-2]
["Russia",0.77400000000000002,0.70499999999999996,0.68600000000000005,0.56200000000000006,0.72899999999999998,0.627,2.4E-2]
["Slovakia",0.76300000000000001,0.67300000000000004,0.60599999999999998,0.56299999999999994,0.68400000000000005,0.61599999999999999,0.05]
["South Africa",0.65700000000000003,0.61399999999999999,0.50600000000000001,0.49,0.57999999999999996,0.55000000000000004,0.33500000000000002]
["Sri Lanka",0.80700000000000005,0.70499999999999996,0.39700000000000002,0.31,0.59699999999999998,0.497,4.4999999999999998E-2]
["Thailand",0.86,0.76600000000000001,0.70699999999999996,0.60599999999999998,0.78200000000000003,0.68200000000000005,1.0699999999999999E-2]
["Turkey","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A",8.7999999999999995E-2]
["United Arab Emirates",0.94099999999999995,0.90800000000000003,0.43,0.54500000000000004,0.82899999999999996,0.78500000000000003,2.9499999999999998E-2]
["Vietnam","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A","N/A",2.29E-2]
["Source: ILO, ILO modelled estimates, January 2024, accessed  28 October 2024; tradingeconomics.com, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a The data used for labour force participation is drawn from the International Labour Organisation statistical database. The data used is from 2023 unless indicated otherwise. "]
["b The labour force participation rate is the proportion of the population aged 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labour for the production of goods and services during a specified period."]
["c The unemployment figures are for the latest period of 2024 or the latest available data."]
["d 2022 data."]
["e 2021 data."]
["N/A — Not available."]

{"sheet":"EAP definition","index":15,"n_rows":11,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":11,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[3,1,3,2],[1,1,1,2],[8,1,8,2]]}
[]
[null,"Economically active population (EAP)"]
[]
[null,"The economically active population is defined by Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) as people between the ages of 15 and 64 who are either employed in the formal and informal sector, or unemployed people who are actively looking for work. This does not include people who are not available for work, such as students, homemakers, people who are too ill to work and discouraged jobseekers. Unemployed people are defined as follows:"]
[null,"●","They had not worked in the week in which the Quarterly Labour Force Survey was conducted."]
[null,"●","They had actively looked for work or tried to start a business in the four weeks prior to the survey."]
[null,"●","They were available for work in the week in which the survey was conducted."]
[null,"●","They had not actively looked for work in the four weeks prior to the survey, but were starting at a definite date in the future."]
[null,"People are divided into those who work in the formal and those who work in the informal sector. People who work in the informal sector are those who:"]
[null,"●\n","Work in an establishment that employs fewer than five people, and income tax is not deducted from wages and salaries."]
[null,"●","Are unpaid people who help in a household business not registered for income tax or value-added tax."]

{"sheet":"EAP by race 2001-24","index":16,"n_rows":32,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":32,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[30,0,30,5],[31,0,31,5]]}
[]
["Economically active population by race, 2001-24"]
[]
["Year","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala"]
[2001,12127000,1747000,456000,2245000,16575000]
[2002,12046000,1830000,453000,2268000,16598000]
[2003,11950000,1847000,491000,2219000,16509000]
[2004,11626000,1802000,465000,2162000,16054000]
[2005,12009000,1818000,482000,2187000,16497000]
[2006,12710000,1840000,487000,2184000,17221000]
[2007,12927000,1901000,479000,2137000,17444000]
[2008,14082000,1937000,543000,2289000,18851000]
[2009,13915000,1971000,531000,2280000,18698000]
[2010,13677000,1977000,556000,2220000,18431000]
[2011,14037000,1913000,563000,2191000,18703000]
[2012,14364000,2005000,532000,2149000,19051000]
[2013,14869000,2062000,593000,2140000,19663000]
[2014,15447000,2144000,552000,2105000,20248000]
[2015,16113000,2135000,564000,2075000,20887000]
[2016,16452000,2094000,572000,2062000,21179000]
[2017,17504000,2134000,606000,2033000,22277000]
[2018,17509000,2236000,610000,2015000,22370000]
[2019,18201000,2175000,597000,1994000,22968000]
[2020,14325000,1744000,571000,1803000,18443000]
[2021,18240000,1981000,605000,1941000,22768000]
[2022,18948000,2108000,643000,1858000,23556000]
[2023,19554000,2210000,626000,1878000,24268000]
[2024,20300000,2197000,641000,1898000,25036000]
["2001-24",{"$f":"(B28-B5)/B5","v":0.6739506885462192},{"$f":"(C28-C5)/C5","v":0.25758443045220381},{"$f":"(D28-D5)/D5","v":0.4057017543859649},{"$f":"(E28-E5)/E5","v":-0.15456570155902005},{"$f":"(F28-F5)/F5","v":0.51046757164404222}]
["2023-24",{"$f":"(B28-B27)/B27","v":3.8150761992431219E-2},{"$f":"(C28-C27)/C27","v":-5.8823529411764705E-3},{"$f":"(D28-D27)/D27","v":2.3961661341853034E-2},{"$f":"(E28-E27)/E27","v":1.0649627263045794E-2},{"$f":"(F28-F27)/F27","v":3.164661282347124E-2}]
["Source: Stats SA, Labour Force Survey Historical Revision March Series 2001–2007, Statistical release P0210, 28 August 2008; Quarterly Labour Force Survey Historical revisions of the QLFS 2008 to 2013, 11 February 2014; Quarterly Labour Force Survey Quarter 2: 2021, Statistical release P0211, 24 August 2021, pp21-22; Socio-Economic Survey of South Africa 2022, p236; Economically active population QLFS Q2 2022, accessed 4 October 2022; Economically active population QLFS Q2 2023, accessed 20 November 2023; Economically active population QLFS Q2 2024, accessed 19 September 2024\t"]
["a Figures should add up horizontally but may not, owing to rounding, and to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable."]

{"sheet":"EAP by race&sex2024","index":17,"n_rows":17,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":17,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[15,0,15,5],[16,0,16,5]]}
[]
["Economically active population by race and sex, 2024"]
[]
["Employed","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala"]
["Male",6977323,911758,365131,950111,9204322]
["Female",5690686,772758,187003,797564,7448011]
["Totala",12688009,1684516,552134,1747675,16652333]
["Unemployed"]
["Male",3859955,261182,38661,76917,4236715]
["Female",3771874,251643,50129,73463,4147109]
["Totala",7631829,512825,88791,150380,8383824]
["Total EAP"]
["Male",10837278,1172940,403793,1027027,13441038]
["Female",9462560,1024401,237132,871027,11595120]
["Totala",20299837,2197341,640924,1898055,25036158]
["Source: Stats SA, email communication, 9 September 2024"]
["a Figures should add up vertically and horizontally but may not, owing to rounding, and to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable."]

{"sheet":"EAP race&age 2001-24","index":18,"n_rows":28,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":28,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[26,0,26,5],[27,0,27,5]]}
[]
["Economically active population by race and age (actual numbers),       2001-24"]
[]
[2001,"Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala"]
["15-24 years",2157000,404000,96000,330000,2987000]
["25-34 years",4355000,600000,136000,549000,5639000]
["35- 44 years",2958000,439000,114000,620000,4130000]
["45-54 years",1836000,224000,81000,516000,2657000]
["55- 64 years",821000,80000,30000,231000,1162000]
["Totala",12127000,1747000,456000,2245000,16575000]
[2023]
["15-24 years",2238001.6975489501,333444.60596091481,63896.562089933475,150290.3126331704,2785633.1782329688]
["25-34 years",6451086.870447089,624384.57557156449,175869.76006678105,433619.70975117711,7684960.9158366108]
["35- 44 years",5847384.4056939967,562951.1816679904,191294.37787780195,464146.0260579476,7065775.9912977368]
["45-54 years",3824802.8015471725,511500.70811613131,141706.0645418342,463417.37616281642,4941426.9503679546]
["55- 64 years",1192340.0880438203,177935.25999125701,53143.928565428228,366350.42865780176,1789769.7052583073]
["Totala",19553615.86328103,2210216.3313078582,625910.69314177893,1877823.8532629134,24267566.740993578]
[2024]
["15-24 years",2257920,328322,36542,156988,2779772]
["25-34 years",6637423,643579,193433,470670,7935105]
["35- 44 years",6045847,542093,201075,461752,7250767]
["45-54 years",4032309,489870,145335,459726,5127240]
["55- 64 years",1336339,193477,64540,349918,1943273]
["Totala",20299837,2197341,640924,1898055,25036158]
["2001-24",{"$f":"(B24-B10)/B10","v":0.67393724746433581},{"$f":"(C24-C10)/C10","v":0.25777962220950201},{"$f":"(D24-D10)/D10","v":0.40553508771929825},{"$f":"(E24-E10)/E10","v":-0.15454120267260579},{"$f":"(F24-F10)/F10","v":0.51047710407239821}]
["2023-24",{"$f":"(B24-B17)/B17","v":3.8162820725156477E-2},{"$f":"(C24-C17)/C17","v":-5.8253715373822561E-3},{"$f":"(D24-D17)/D17","v":2.3986340260239509E-2},{"$f":"(E24-E17)/E17","v":1.0773719112116333E-2},{"$f":"(F24-F17)/F17","v":3.1671541988925168E-2}]
["Source: Stats SA, email communication, 9 September 2024"]
["a Figures should add up vertically and horizontally but may not, owing to rounding, and to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable."]

{"sheet":"EAP by race&age % 01-24 ","index":19,"n_rows":26,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":26,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[24,0,24,5],[25,0,25,5]]}
[]
["Economically active population by race and age (proportions), 2001-24"]
[]
[2001,"Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala"]
["15-24 years",0.17786756823616723,0.23125357756153406,0.21052631578947367,0.14699331848552338,0.18021116138763196]
["25-34 years",0.35911602209944754,0.34344590726960506,0.2982456140350877,0.24454342984409799,0.34021116138763197]
["35- 44 years",0.24391852890244908,0.25128792215226103,0.25,0.27616926503340755,0.24917043740573153]
["45-54 years",0.15139770759462357,0.12821980538065256,0.17763157894736842,0.22984409799554567,0.16030165912518854]
["55- 64 years",6.7700173167312611E-2,4.5792787635947338E-2,6.5789473684210523E-2,0.10289532293986638,7.0105580693815991E-2]
["Totala",1,1,1,1,1]
[2023]
["15-24 years",0.11445462124228419,0.15086514439227069,0.10208574927710952,8.0034297344783123E-2,0.11478831841543408]
["25-34 years",0.32991784821554831,0.28249930413015067,0.28098219441498451,0.23091607287750551,0.31667620399926294]
["35- 44 years",0.299043637073518,0.25470410913798358,0.30562567467507806,0.24717229214627656,0.29116128809741743]
["45-54 years",0.19560590881452367,0.23142563054606488,0.22639981405420004,0.24678426326174349,0.20362267890751207]
["55- 64 years",6.0977984654125746E-2,8.0505811793530099E-2,8.4906567578627815E-2,0.19509307436969126,7.3751510580373478E-2]
["Totala",1,1,1,1,1]
[2024]
["15-24 years",0.111,0.14899999999999999,5.7000000000000002E-2,8.3000000000000004E-2,0.111]
["25-34 years",0.32600000000000001,0.29299999999999998,0.30199999999999999,0.248,0.317]
["35- 44 years",0.29799999999999999,0.247,0.314,0.24299999999999999,0.28999999999999998]
["45-54 years",0.19900000000000001,0.223,0.22700000000000001,0.24199999999999999,0.20499999999999999,null," "]
["55- 64 years",6.6000000000000003E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,0.10100000000000001,0.184,7.8E-2]
["Totala",1,1,1,1,1]
["Source: Stats SA, email communication, 9 September 2024"]
["a Figures should add up vertically and horizontally but may not, owing to rounding, and to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable."]

{"sheet":"EAP race&age 01-24%","index":20,"n_rows":19,"n_cols":13,"rows_kept":19,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,1,1,6],[17,1,17,6],[18,1,18,6]]}
[]
[]
[]
[null,2001,"Black","Coloured","Indian","White","Totala"]
[null,"15–24 years",0.17786756823616723,0.23100000000000001,0.21099999999999999,0.14699999999999999,0.18,null,null,null,null,2001,2024]
[null,"25–34 years",0.35911602209944754,0.34300000000000003,0.29799999999999999,0.245,0.34,null,null,null,"15–24 years",0.18,0.111]
[null,"35– 44 years",0.24391852890244908,0.251,0.25,0.27600000000000002,0.249,null,null,null,"25–34 years",0.34,0.317]
[null,"45–54 years",0.15139770759462357,0.128,0.17799999999999999,0.23,0.16,null,null,null,"35– 44 years",0.249,0.28999999999999998]
[null,"55– 64 years",6.7700173167312611E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,6.6000000000000003E-2,0.10299999999999999,7.0000000000000007E-2,null,null,null,"45–54 years",0.16,0.20499999999999999]
[null,"Totala",1,1,1,1,1,null,null,null,"55– 64 years",7.0000000000000007E-2,7.8E-2]
[null,2024]
[null,"15-24 years",0.111,0.14899999999999999,5.7000000000000002E-2,8.3000000000000004E-2,0.111]
[null,"25-34 years",0.32600000000000001,0.29299999999999998,0.30199999999999999,0.248,0.317]
[null,"35- 44 years",0.29799999999999999,0.247,0.314,0.24299999999999999,0.28999999999999998]
[null,"45-54 years",0.19900000000000001,0.223,0.22700000000000001,0.24199999999999999,0.20499999999999999]
[null,"55- 64 years",6.6000000000000003E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,0.10100000000000001,0.184,7.8E-2]
[null,"Totala",1,1,1,1,1]
[null,"Source: CRA calculations based on Stats SA data."]
[null,"a Figures should add up vertically and horizontally but may not, owing to rounding, and to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable. "]

{"sheet":"EMPLOYMENT","index":21,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Employment by race 94-24","index":22,"n_rows":45,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":45,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[43,0,43,5],[44,0,44,5],[6,0,6,5],[42,0,42,5],[1,0,1,5],[3,0,3,5],[4,0,4,5]]}
[]
["EMPLOYMENT"]
[]
["Stats SA defines the employed as people aged 15 to  64 who, during the reference week: did any work for at least one hour; or had a job or business but were not at work (temporarily absent). This is in accordance with the International Labour Organisation’s definition of employment."]
["This chapter contains employment figures obtained from Stats SA, primarily from the Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS), which measures both formal and informal employment. The formal, non-agricultural employment data is obtained from the Quarterly Employment Statistics (QES) survey, which collects data from VAT registered businesses (excluding those in agriculture)."]
[]
["Employment by race, 1994-2024"]
[]
["Yeara","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totalb"]
[1994,4980000,1220000,421000,1351000,7971000]
[1995,5124000,1160000,453000,1332000,8069000]
[1996,4535000,1262000,419000,1375000,7590000]
[1997,4580000,1202000,457000,1309000,7548000]
[1998,5922000,1177000,342000,1935000,9390000]
[1999,6668000,1288000,392000,2004000,10369000]
[2000,8124000,1318000,395000,2037000,11880000]
[2001,8680000,1352000,386000,2075000,12494000]
[2002,8161000,1363000,368000,2104000,11995000]
[2003,7815000,1408000,396000,2047000,11666000]
[2004,7945000,1445000,388000,2045000,11823000]
[2005,8572000,1455000,415000,2062000,12503000]
[2006,9271000,1469000,441000,2056000,13237000]
[2007,9362000,1494000,427000,2042000,13236000]
[2008,10363000,1560000,477000,2185000,14584000]
[2009,10119000,1588000,474000,2176000,14357000]
[2010,9700000,1531000,502000,2076000,13809000]
[2011,9868000,1470000,502000,2082000,13922000]
[2012,10297000,1524000,482000,2027000,14330000]
[2013,10623000,1541000,516000,2011000,14692000]
[2014,11072000,1601000,485000,1936000,15094000]
[2015,11625000,1613000,488000,1930000,15657000]
[2016,11506000,1609000,505000,1926000,15545000]
[2017,12025000,1631000,526000,1918000,16100000]
[2018,12172000,1716000,547000,1853000,16288000]
[2019,12250000,1687000,530000,1845000,16313000]
[2020,10555000,1412000,488000,1693000,14148000]
[2021,11264000,1416000,487000,1941000,14942000]
[2022,11789000,1531000,543000,1699000,15562000]
[2023,12358000,1727000,522000,1739000,16346000]
[2024,12668000,1685000,552000,1748000,16652000]
["1994-2024",{"$f":"(B40-B10)/B10","v":1.5437751004016065},{"$f":"(C40-C10)/C10","v":0.38114754098360654},0.31116389548693585,{"$f":"(E40-E10)/E10","v":0.29385640266469282},1.0890728892234349]
["2023-24",{"$f":"(B40-B39)/B39","v":2.5084965204725685E-2},{"$f":"(C40-C39)/C39","v":-2.4319629415170817E-2},5.7471264367816091E-2,{"$f":"(E40-E39)/E39","v":5.1753881541115581E-3},1.872017618989355E-2]
["Source: Stats SA, Stats in brief, 2004, 2004, p67; Labour Force Survey Historical Revision March Series 2001-2007, Statistical release P0210, 28 August 2008; Quarterly Labour Force Survey Historical revisions of the QLFS 2008 to 2013, 11 February 2014; Quarterly Labour Force Survey Quarter 2: 2021, Statistical release P0211, 24 August 2021, pp21-22; Socio-Economic Survey of South Africa 2022, p238; Economically active population QLFS Q2 2022, accessed 4 October 2022; Economically active population QLFS Q2 2023, accessed 20 November 202; Economically active population QLFS Q2 2024, accessed 18 August 2024"]
["a From 1994 to 1999, the figures are based on October Household Surveys. For 2000 the figures are from the February 2000, Labour Force Survey. From 2001 to 2007, the figures are based on the Labour Force Survey Historical Revision March Series. From 2008 to 2013 the figures are based on the Quarterly Labour Force Survey Historical revisions of the QLFS 2008 to 2013, and refers to the second quarter. Therefore, only the figures from 2008 to 2024 are strictly comparable."]
["b   Totals should add up horizontally but may not, owing to rounding."]

{"sheet":"Employmentbyrace.age 2001-24","index":23,"n_rows":28,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":28,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,1,1,6],[26,1,26,6],[27,1,29,6],[17,1,17,5],[10,1,10,5]]}
[]
[null,"Employment by race and age (actual numbers), 2001-24"]
[]
[null,2001,"Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala"]
[null,"15–24 years",972000,234000,60000,267000,1532000]
[null,"25–34 years",2897000,479000,123000,510000,4009000]
[null,"35– 44 years",2447000,372000,104000,592000,3515000]
[null,"45–54 years",1608000,194000,71000,488000,2361000]
[null,"55– 64 years",756000,73000,29000,219000,1077000]
[null,"Totala",8680000,1352000,386000,2075000,12494000]
[null,2023]
[null,"15–24 years",748000,202000,35000,110000,1095000]
[null,"25–34 years",3627000,470000,142000,390000,4629000]
[null,"35– 44 years",4014000,444000,173000,440000,5069000]
[null,"45–54 years",2943000,449000,126000,440000,3958000]
[null,"55– 64 years",1027000,163000,46000,360000,1595000]
[null,"Totala",12358000,1727000,522000,1739000,16346000]
[null,2024]
[null,"15–24 years",772000,166000,24000,127000,1089000]
[null,"25–34 years",3571000,487000,152000,420000,4630000]
[null,"35– 44 years",4118000,444000,186000,421000,5169000]
[null,"45–54 years",3078000,413000,131000,443000,4065000]
[null,"55– 64 years",1129000,175000,59000,338000,1701000]
[null,"Totala",12668000,1685000,552000,1748000,16652000]
[null,"2001-24",{"$f":"(C24-C10)/C10","v":0.45944700460829491},{"$f":"(D24-D10)/D10","v":0.246301775147929},{"$f":"(E24-E10)/E10","v":0.43005181347150256},{"$f":"(F24-F10)/F10","v":-0.15759036144578314},{"$f":"(G24-G10)/G10","v":0.33279974387706102}]
[null,"2023-24",{"$f":"(C24-C17)/C17","v":2.5084965204725685E-2},{"$f":"(D24-D17)/D17","v":-2.4319629415170817E-2},{"$f":"(E24-E17)/E17","v":5.7471264367816091E-2},5.1753881541115581E-3,{"$f":"(G24-G17)/G17","v":1.872017618989355E-2}]
[null,"Source: Stats SA, email communication, 28 October 2024"]
[null,"a Figures should add up vertically and horizontally but may not, owing to rounding, and to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable."]

{"sheet":"Employmentbyrace.age% 2001-24 ","index":24,"n_rows":43,"n_cols":28,"rows_kept":43,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[24,2,24,7],[25,2,25,7],[26,15,26,20],[10,2,10,6],[1,2,1,7]]}
[]
[null,null,"Employment by race and age (proportions), 2001-24"]
[]
[null,null,2001,"Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala"]
[null,null,"15-24 years",0.112,0.17299999999999999,0.155,0.129,0.123,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2001,2024]
[null,null,"25-34 years",0.33400000000000002,0.35399999999999998,0.31900000000000001,0.246,0.32100000000000001,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"15–24 years",0.123,6.5397549843862604E-2]
[null,null,"35- 44 years",0.28199999999999997,0.27500000000000002,0.26900000000000002,0.28499999999999998,0.28100000000000003,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"25–34 years",0.32100000000000001,0.27804467931779964]
[null,null,"45-54 years",0.185,0.14299999999999999,0.184,0.23499999999999999,0.189,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"35– 44 years",0.28100000000000003,0.31041316358395388]
[null,null,"55- 64 years",8.6999999999999994E-2,5.3999999999999999E-2,7.4999999999999997E-2,0.106,8.5999999999999993E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"45–54 years",0.189,0.24411482104251742]
[null,null,"Totala",1,1,1,1,1,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"55– 64 years",8.5999999999999993E-2,0.10214989190487629]
[null,null,2023]
[null,null,"15-24 years",6.0492382545563599E-2,0.11680506240194725,6.762871078331506E-2,6.3489451268538846E-2,6.6987727674795564E-2]
[null,null,"25-34 years",0.29350943447273226,0.2720794558389581,0.27293413365617392,0.22397144626046311,0.28319011328690291]
[null,null,"35- 44 years",0.32476833244321146,0.25690542500411573,0.33079682429194801,0.25273342102543245,0.31012809028957483]
[null,null,"45-54 years",0.23816536910689895,0.25989353212731514,0.24144687221357364,0.25279814648750742,0.24212226041070231]
[null,null,"55- 64 years",8.3064481431593673E-2,9.431652462766385E-2,8.71934590549895E-2,0.20700753495805815,9.7571808338024299E-2]
[null,null,"Totala",1,1,1,1,1]
[null,null,2024]
[null,null,"15-24 years",6.0999999999999999E-2,9.8516320474777444E-2,4.3478260869565216E-2,7.2654462242562931E-2,6.5397549843862604E-2]
[null,null,"25-34 years",0.28199999999999997,0.28899999999999998,0.27500000000000002,0.24,0.27804467931779964]
[null,null,"35- 44 years",0.32500000000000001,0.26400000000000001,0.33700000000000002,0.24099999999999999,0.31041316358395388]
[null,null,"45-54 years",0.24299999999999999,0.245,0.23731884057971014,0.253,0.24411482104251742]
[null,null,"55- 64 years",8.8999999999999996E-2,0.104,0.107,0.193,0.10214989190487629]
[null,null,"Totala",1,1,1,1,1]
[null,null,"Source: Stats SA, email communication, 28 October 2024"]
[null,null,"a Figures should add up vertically and horizontally but may not, owing to rounding, and to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2024,"Black","Coloured","Indian","White","Total"]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"15-24",{"$f":"SUM(Q38/Q43)","v":6.0953698406750419E-2},{"$f":"SUM(R38/R43)","v":9.8369501981578095E-2},{"$f":"SUM(S38/S43)","v":4.4134213795926351E-2},{"$f":"SUM(T38/T43)","v":7.2399616633527397E-2},{"$f":"SUM(U38/U43)","v":6.5382250042681708E-2}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"25-34",{"$f":"SUM(Q39/Q43)","v":0.28192409714896793},{"$f":"SUM(R39/R43)","v":0.28892987659363284},{"$f":"SUM(S39/S43)","v":0.27455291650215347},{"$f":"SUM(T39/T43)","v":0.24020312701160113},{"$f":"SUM(U39/U43)","v":0.27800975394859084}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"35-44",{"$f":"SUM(Q40/Q43)","v":0.32505068476032817},{"$f":"SUM(R40/R43)","v":0.2635457306431046},{"$f":"SUM(S40/S43)","v":0.33689466687434572},{"$f":"SUM(T40/T43)","v":0.24080621396998869},{"$f":"SUM(U40/U43)","v":0.31038011310487246}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"45-54",{"$f":"SUM(Q41/Q43)","v":0.24297361961141645},{"$f":"SUM(R41/R43)","v":0.2449742240501129},{"$f":"SUM(S41/S43)","v":0.23778647936913866},{"$f":"SUM(T41/T43)","v":0.25329423376771998},{"$f":"SUM(U41/U43)","v":0.24408717985642012}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"55-64",{"$f":"SUM(Q42/Q43)","v":8.909782113353408E-2},{"$f":"SUM(R42/R43)","v":0.10418066673157156},{"$f":"SUM(S42/S43)","v":0.10663172345843581},{"$f":"SUM(T42/T43)","v":0.19329680861716281},{"$f":"SUM(U42/U43)","v":0.24408717985642012}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Total",{"$f":"SUM(X28:X32)","v":0.99999992106099711},{"$f":"SUM(Y28:Y32)","v":1},{"$f":"SUM(Z28:Z32)","v":1},{"$f":"SUM(AA28:AA32)","v":1},{"$f":"SUM(AB28:AB32)","v":1.1419464768089853}]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Total"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"15-24 years",772162,165705,24368,126531,1088767]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"25-34 years",3571417,486707,151590,419797,4629511]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"35- 44 years",4117745,443947,186011,420851,5168553]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"45-54 years",3077992,412663,131290,442676,4064621]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"55- 64 years",1128692,175494,58875,337820,4064621]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Totala",12668009,1684516,552134,1747675,16652333]

{"sheet":"Employment by industry","index":25,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Formal empl. by industry 90-24","index":26,"n_rows":64,"n_cols":12,"rows_kept":64,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,11],[3,0,3,11],[44,0,44,11],[48,0,48,11],[5,8,5,10],[45,0,45,11],[59,0,59,11],[60,0,60,11],[61,0,61,11],[46,0,46,11],[63,0,63,6],[49,0,49,11],[50,0,50,11],[51,0,51,11],[52,0,52,11],[53,0,53,11],[54,0,54,11],[55,0,55,11],[56,0,56,11],[57,0,57,11],[58,0,58,11],[47,0,47,11]]}
[]
["Employment by industry"]
[]
["Formal employment by industrya (actual numbers), 1990-2024"]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"—Community, social and personal services—"]
["Year","Miningb","Manufacturingc","Utilitiesd","Constructione","Tradef","Transport","Financeg","Government sector","Other servicesh","Totali","Total"]
[1990,692900,1537511,50920,417600,788100,361268,186280,1310484,"N/A",1323884,5358463]
[1991,653134,1499484,47940,391100,781600,343340,186545,1321498,"N/A",1335498,5238641]
[1992,607950,1453151,45890,373700,775000,334995,190503,1330333,"N/A",1344433,5125622]
[1993,561655,1425626,42480,374529,762000,303072,193076,1324937,"N/A",1340037,5002475]
[1994,613584,1421815,39975,366173,730005,280642,193779,1572706,"N/A",1587386,5233359]
[1995,599885,1437553,39684,359126,751629,284348,200981,1450838,"N/A",1465808,5139014]
[1996,563396,1456367,40112,325926,757475,283275,215250,1582721,"N/A",1596771,5238572]
[1997,558256,1395636,39613,313608,764162,276085,217180,1583855,"N/A",1596745,5161285]
[1998,462166,1351568,38519,284132,800433,245483,218286,1566896,"N/A",1577616,4978203]
[1999,441459,1314488,43167,232174,872316,243180,204665,1523932,"N/A",1534583,4886032]
[2000,412752,1306795,39743,222999,865977,221522,196699,1462605,"N/A",1473408,4739895]
[2001,404963,1259672,39235,224906,884877,207723,192649,1436272,"N/A",1445723,4659748]
[2002,409677,1261309,38663,213528,885193,199843,186092,1441396,"N/A",1451710,4646015]
[2003,419942,1237015,42565,295597,1263937,206112,1131230,1428056,310927,1738983,6335381]
[2004,457295,1265358,43932,272693,1276554,206134,1171798,1453547,344303,1797850,6491614]
[2005,443790,1182056,43698,431841,1373336,320398,1478210,1500771,307390,1804584,7077913]
[2006,458506,1331332,51503,455772,1663744,352494,1744558,1574021,427436,2001457,8059366]
[2007,496894,1323498,53641,472571,1729861,358939,1824609,1622622,405783,2028405,8288420]
[2008,519943,1306588,58686,474108,1725813,363556,1907412,1700459,399599,2100058,8456164]
[2009,487132,1203405,55366,424138,1641843,361340,1794979,1781092,429581,2210673,8178876]
[2010,496710,1176113,56156,437721,1676307,379547,1815187,1816509,430166,2246676,8284416]
[2011,517104,1161491,58572,469231,1741054,396255,1906361,1903542,452380,2355922,8605990]
[2012,534344,1161333,59405,509477,1811938,436190,1967082,1943360,466183,2409543,8889313]
[2013,510753,1162172,59665,523979,1843680,453245,2009599,1973835,472929,2446764,9009858]
[2014,490684,1159827,59255,554291,1889445,459663,2037537,2230396,485067,2715463,9366164]
[2015,488746,1164076,60203,556166,1926183,464175,2088548,2060843,484106,2544948,9293045]
[2016,458346,1181812,62369,614046,2051377,463566,2188533,2079220,534475,2613694,9633743]
[2017,471579,1193089,63860,626785,2122156,469989,2232988,2037886,582982,2620868,9801315]
[2018,459380,1212249,62595,637948,2199340,482684,2301337,2048505,638348,2686853,10042386]
[2019,462492,1219499,61074,599369,2264106,497347,2342519,2109362,664726,2774088,10220494]
[2020,452138,1112947,58818,488703,2074255,459891,2179761,2077812,602577,2683999,9506902]
[2021,461026,1092557,57437,476185,2118834,453251,2164836,2136451,607018,2743469,9567595]
[2022,462231,1170357,59607,521403,2140172,411919,2311673,2216843,656173,2873016,9950378]
[2023,477574,1185686,58977,505089,2138408,407234,2339992,2302335,662021,2964355,10077316]
[2024,472153,1292451,63630,590714,2322445,479596,2473349,2293428,656335,3021246,10715584]
["1990-2024",{"$f":"(B42-B8)/B8","v":-0.31858421128589987},{"$f":"(C42-C8)/C8","v":-0.15938747755300611},0.24960722702278082,0.41454501915708813,1.9468912574546378,0.32753523699857168,12.277587502684131,0.75006180922468335,{"$f":"(J42-J21)/J21","v":1.11089741321918},1.2821077979641722,0.99974955504964769]
["2023-24",{"$f":"(B42-B41)/B41","v":-1.1351120454631115E-2},{"$f":"(C42-C41)/C41","v":9.0044919143854277E-2},7.8895162520982762E-2,0.16952457883660108,8.6062622287234242E-2,0.17769145012449844,5.6990365779028301E-2,-3.868681143274111E-3,-8.5888514110579565E-3,1.9191696001322377E-2,6.3337102855561933E-2]
["Source: Stats SA, South African Statistics 2010-12; Quarterly employment statistics (QES) details breakdown, Statistical release P0277, 28 September 2021, accessed 7 October 2021; Quarterly Employment Statistics: June 2022 (QES) details breakdown 2009-2022, accessed 12 October 2022; Quarterly Employment Statistics: September 2023 (QES) details breakdown 2009-2023, accessed 12 November 2023; Quarterly Employment Statistics (QES) details breakdown details breakdown 2009-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a   The figures in this table are based on Survey of employment and earnings, Statistical release P0275, and, as from 2005, on the Quarterly employment statistics survey."]
["b   Former Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda and Ciskei (TBVC) states figures are included as from January 1994. The total employment in these states for January 1994 amounted to approximately 9% of the total employment of the mining and quarrying sector."]
["c   Former TBVC states figures are included as from January 1996. The total employment in these states for January 1996 amounted to 5.8% of the total employment of the manufacturing sector."]
["d   The figures are based on a sample survey and refer to private establishments and public corporations which have as their main activity the generation and/or distribution of electricity, gas, and water supply. As from January 1996, data on the electricity sector also include particulars of the former TBVC states. The contribution regarding former TBVC states for March 1996 was 1.9% of the total employment of the electricity sector. As from 1998, there has been a reclassification of water boards from local governments into the electricity, gas, and water supply industry."]
["e   As from January 1996, figures representing employment in the private construction industry also include particulars of the former TBVC states. The former TBVC contribution to the employment of the construction industry  in 1996 was 0.1%."]
["f  The figures on the formal TBVC states relating to wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and personal and household goods, and hotels and restaurants were included as from the first quarter of 1996. The total employment of the commercial industries in these areas for March 1996 was about 0.1% of the total employment for the wholesale trade industry, 1% for the retail trade industry, and 0.7% for the motor trade industry. For the hotels industry, the former TBVC states figures were included from 1995. The total employment in these states was approximately 16% of the total employment of the hotels industry."]
["g   The former TBVC states figures for banking institutions, building societies and insurance companies, were included as from the first quarter of 1995. The total employment in these states for March 1995 was approximately 1% of the total employment of the financial institutions industry."]
["h   The Other services include activities of membership organisation; recreational, cultural, and sporting activities; and other services."]
["i   The information on the governments and the local governments of the former TBVC states was included in the public sector from the first quarter of 1995. The total employment in these states for June 1994 was approximately 12% of the total employment of the public sector. The information on all the universities of the former TBVC states is included in the public sector from the first quarter of 1996. The total employment for universities in these states for March 1996 was approximately 11% of the total employment of the universities."]
["From 1990 to 2004 data coverage is restricted to both employing and non-employing VAT registered enterprises with an annual turnover of R300 000 or more. "]
["As from December 2004, the employment statistics survey covers employing enterprises in the formal non-agricultural non-domestic  business sector that are registered for income tax (IT), resulting in the extensive coverage of all small businesses. The samples for the survey are drawn from Stats SA’s Business Register, a registry of business information which serves as a key source of economic information. It records when businesses enter, perform in and exit the economy. The information is collected from businesses that operate within the borders of South Africa through questionnaires."]
["The new sample was introduced from the June quarter of 2006."]
["It is important to distinguish between the lift in the level of the series from improvements in the coverage of employers and the growth in employment shown by the series due to new employer entities entering the economy and continuing employers taking on additional staff."]
["This break in series relates mainly to the level of employment, rather than the growth rate of employment. The published series based on the 2004 sample show somewhat smaller growth than would have been shown from a sample revised in 2005."]
["The growth of the series between 2004 and 2006 was affected by the expansion of the formal sector as a result of legislative changes, growth resulting from small businesses moving from the informal to the formal sector, and greater overall compliance by businesses in registering for PAYE and/or UIF."]
["Employment refers to the number of people employed by the business who received payment (in salaries; wages; commission, in addition to a retainer, salary or wage; piece rates; or payments in kind) for any part of the reference period. This excludes independent contractors and consultants; working proprietors, sole and joint owners; employees paid on commission where a retainer, salary or wage was not paid; and employees based in South Africa but paid from abroad, e.g. embassy employees."]
["Annual employment data is shown as at 30 June of the relevant year."]
[]
["For sectoral contributions to GDP, please refer to the Economy chapter."]

{"sheet":"Employ by industry % 90-24","index":27,"n_rows":49,"n_cols":12,"rows_kept":49,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,0,0,11],[48,0,48,11],[47,0,47,11],[1,0,1,11],[3,8,3,10],[39,0,39,11],[40,0,40,11],[41,0,41,11],[42,0,42,11],[43,0,43,11],[44,0,44,11],[45,0,45,11],[46,0,46,11],[2,0,2,11]]}
["NOT FOR TYPSETTING BUT KEEP IN EXCEL"]
["Formal employment by industrya (proportions), 1990-2024"]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"—Community, social and personal services—"]
["Year","Miningb","Manufacturingc","Utilitiesd","Constructione","Tradef","Transport","Financeg","Government sector","Other servicesh","Totali","Total"]
[1990,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B8/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8)","v":0.12930946803215773},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C8/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8)","v":0.2869313457982261},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D8/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8)","v":9.5027249418349995E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E8/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8)","v":7.7932795281034875E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F8/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8)","v":0.14707575661155073},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G8/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8)","v":6.7420079227942784E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H8/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8)","v":3.476369996396355E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I8/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8)","v":0.24456341305333265},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K8/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8","v":0.24706413014328923},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L8)","v":1}]
[1991,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B9/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9)","v":0.12467622805227539},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C9/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9)","v":0.28623530415617332},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D9/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9)","v":9.1512283433814231E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E9/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9)","v":7.4656766898132554E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F9/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9)","v":0.14919900027507135},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G9/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9)","v":6.553989861110926E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H9/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9)","v":3.560942618514993E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I9/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9)","v":0.2522596986508524},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K9/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9","v":0.25493214747870679},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L9)","v":1}]
[1992,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B10/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10)","v":0.11860999504060191},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C10/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10)","v":0.28350725043711766},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D10/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10)","v":8.9530597457245197E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E10/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10)","v":7.2908224601814176E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F10/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10)","v":0.15120116153707786},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G10/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10)","v":6.5356945947243089E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H10/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10)","v":3.716680629199734E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I10/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10)","v":0.25954567074981338},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K10/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10","v":0.26229655639842347},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L10)","v":1}]
[1993,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B11/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11)","v":0.11227542366528569},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C11/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11)","v":0.28498413285423713},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D11/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11)","v":8.4917965607024526E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E11/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11)","v":7.4868739973713017E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F11/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11)","v":0.15232459932333495},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G11/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11)","v":6.0584410716695236E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H11/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11)","v":3.8596094933008161E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I11/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11)","v":0.26485629613341394},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K11/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11","v":0.26787480197302338},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L11)","v":1}]
[1994,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B12/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12)","v":0.11724477529632497},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C12/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12)","v":0.27168306244612683},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D12/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12)","v":7.6384975691520494E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E12/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12)","v":6.9969019897163559E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F12/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12)","v":0.13949071714743819},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G12/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12)","v":5.362559686809179E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H12/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12)","v":3.7027652794314324E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I12/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12)","v":0.30051559619739443},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K12/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12","v":0.30332067798138823},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L12)","v":1}]
[1995,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B13/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13)","v":0.11673153643870206},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C13/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13)","v":0.27973323287307644},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D13/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13)","v":7.7221038899679979E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E13/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13)","v":6.9882277028239265E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F13/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13)","v":0.14625937971758785},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G13/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13)","v":5.5331236692486144E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H13/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13)","v":3.9108864073925463E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I13/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13)","v":0.28231835912492165},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K13/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13","v":0.28523136928601478},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L13)","v":1}]
[1996,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B14/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14)","v":0.10754762939213205},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C14/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14)","v":0.2780083961812494},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D14/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14)","v":7.6570485239107148E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E14/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14)","v":6.2216573524235229E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F14/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14)","v":0.1445957027983962},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G14/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14)","v":5.407485093265875E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H14/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14)","v":4.1089441931885254E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I14/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14)","v":0.30212832810162771},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K14/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14","v":0.30481035671553242},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L14)","v":1}]
[1997,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B15/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15)","v":0.10816221154228066},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C15/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15)","v":0.27040475385490242},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D15/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15)","v":7.6750266648712481E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E15/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15)","v":6.0761612660413057E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F15/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15)","v":0.14805654018330705},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G15/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15)","v":5.3491523913134033E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H15/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15)","v":4.2078668393626784E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I15/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15)","v":0.30687222271197967},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K15/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15","v":0.30936966278746475},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L15)","v":1}]
[1998,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B16/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16)","v":9.2837917618064189E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C16/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16)","v":0.27149716473996743},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D16/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16)","v":7.7375309926091809E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E16/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16)","v":5.7075213686545126E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F16/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16)","v":0.16078753718962444},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G16/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16)","v":4.9311568853258894E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H16/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16)","v":4.3848352507923037E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I16/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16)","v":0.31475132693463886},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K16/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16","v":0.31690471441200768},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L16)","v":1}]
[1999,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B17/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17)","v":9.0351229791372625E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C17/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17)","v":0.26902975666143814},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D17/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17)","v":8.8347763584028915E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E17/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17)","v":4.7517904098867955E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F17/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17)","v":0.17853260068701965},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G17/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17)","v":4.9770447676151117E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H17/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17)","v":4.1887773145980217E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I17/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17)","v":0.3118956240974271},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K17/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17","v":0.31407551158076735},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L17)","v":1}]
[2000,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B18/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18)","v":8.7080410009082482E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C18/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18)","v":0.27570125498560621},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D18/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18)","v":8.3847848950240455E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E18/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18)","v":4.7047244717446271E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F18/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18)","v":0.18269961676366248},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G18/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18)","v":4.6735634439159519E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H18/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18)","v":4.1498598597648262E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I18/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18)","v":0.30857329118050081},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K18/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18","v":0.31085245559237074},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L18)","v":1}]
[2001,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B19/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19)","v":8.6906631002363219E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C19/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19)","v":0.27033049855914953},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D19/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19)","v":8.41998322656075E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E19/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19)","v":4.8265700205247147E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F19/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19)","v":0.18989803740459785},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G19/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19)","v":4.4578161737501683E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H19/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19)","v":4.1343222852394591E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I19/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19)","v":0.30822954374356726},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K19/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19","v":0.31025776501218522},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L19)","v":1}]
[2002,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B20/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20)","v":8.8178148370162385E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C20/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20)","v":0.27148190438472541},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D20/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20)","v":8.3217553107340376E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E20/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20)","v":4.5959386700215134E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F20/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20)","v":0.1905273659254221},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G20/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20)","v":4.3013851655666201E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H20/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20)","v":4.0054110888578708E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I20/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20)","v":0.31024350976051518},"N/A",{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K20/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20","v":0.31246347676449604},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L20)","v":1}]
[2003,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21)","v":6.628520052700855E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21)","v":0.19525502886093196},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21)","v":6.7186172386475259E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21)","v":4.6658125217725659E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21)","v":0.19950449704603401},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21)","v":3.2533481411773028E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21)","v":0.17855753268824717},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21)","v":0.22540964781755035},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21)","v":4.9077869192081736E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21","v":0.27448751700963209},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L21)","v":1}]
[2004,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22)","v":7.0443960469615111E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22)","v":0.19492194083012329},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22)","v":6.7675003473712395E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22)","v":4.2006964677813563E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22)","v":0.19664662747969919},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22)","v":3.1753890480857305E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22)","v":0.18050950041083774},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22)","v":0.22391149566194171},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22)","v":5.303811964174087E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22","v":0.27694961530368256},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L22)","v":1}]
[2005,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23)","v":6.2700685922531113E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23)","v":0.16700629126127997},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23)","v":6.173853789951925E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23)","v":6.1012476417836727E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23)","v":0.19403120665653845},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23)","v":4.526729842539743E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23)","v":0.20884828621092122},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23)","v":0.21203580773032954},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23)","v":4.3429468545318373E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23","v":0.25495990131554314},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L23)","v":1}]
[2006,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24)","v":5.6891075551104141E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24)","v":0.16519066139942026},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24)","v":6.3904530455621451E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24)","v":5.6551842911712905E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24)","v":0.20643608938966168},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24)","v":4.3737187267584077E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24)","v":0.21646342900918011},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24)","v":0.19530332783000548},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24)","v":5.3035933595769198E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24","v":0.24833926142577467},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L24)","v":1}]
[2007,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25)","v":5.9950388614476581E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25)","v":0.15968037334015409},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25)","v":6.471800415519484E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25)","v":5.7015812422633025E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25)","v":0.20870817357228519},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25)","v":4.3306082462037397E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25)","v":0.22013954408681027},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25)","v":0.19576976070228103},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25)","v":4.8957823083289699E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25","v":0.24472758378557072},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L25)","v":1}]
[2008,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)","v":6.1486863310598043E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)","v":0.15451308654846335},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)","v":6.9400262341175033E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)","v":5.6066556892699813E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)","v":0.20408934831443667},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)","v":4.2993016691729252E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)","v":0.22556468866970886},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)","v":0.20109106209387614},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)","v":4.7255351244370379E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26","v":0.2483464133382465},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)","v":1}]
[2009,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27)","v":5.9559773250016261E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27)","v":0.14713574334664078},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27)","v":6.7693898281377535E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27)","v":5.1857736931089311E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27)","v":0.20074188678248697},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27)","v":4.4179664785234551E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27)","v":0.21946524192321781},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27)","v":0.21776733135457732},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27)","v":5.2523231798599218E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27","v":0.27029056315317657},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L27)","v":1}]
[2010,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28)","v":5.9957153286363217E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28)","v":0.14196691716108897},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28)","v":6.7785103983189644E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28)","v":5.2836675512190602E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28)","v":0.20234461910169649},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28)","v":4.5814575221717502E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28)","v":0.21910862515836965},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28)","v":0.2192682018865301},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28)","v":5.1924722273724543E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28","v":0.27119304486882356},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L28)","v":1}]
[2011,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29)","v":6.0086521132374081E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29)","v":0.13496308966196799},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29)","v":6.8059572460576877E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29)","v":5.4523767747812861E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29)","v":0.2023072301966421},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29)","v":4.6044092544843769E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29)","v":0.22151559553287883},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29)","v":0.22118803298632697},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29)","v":5.2565712951095689E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29","v":0.27375374593742263},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L29)","v":1}]
[2012,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30)","v":6.0110831961930018E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30)","v":0.13064372916107239},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30)","v":6.682743649593619E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30)","v":5.7313427933069747E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30)","v":0.20383329960369265},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30)","v":4.9069033793725118E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30)","v":0.22128616688376257},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30)","v":0.21861756920922912},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30)","v":5.2443085309292183E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30","v":0.27106065451852129},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L30)","v":1}]
[2013,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31)","v":5.6688240813562212E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31)","v":0.12898893634061714},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31)","v":6.6221909379703871E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31)","v":5.8156188477110293E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31)","v":0.20462919615381286},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31)","v":5.03054543145963E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31)","v":0.2230444697352611},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31)","v":0.21907503980639872},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31)","v":5.2490172431130439E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31","v":0.27156521223752916},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L31)","v":1}]
[2014,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32)","v":5.2389003651868576E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32)","v":0.12383159210109923},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32)","v":6.3264960980824164E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32)","v":5.9180151020204214E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32)","v":0.20173093274898882},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32)","v":4.9076975376472161E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32)","v":0.21754231508224711},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32)","v":0.23813334893559412},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32)","v":5.17892917527389E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32","v":0.28992264068833301},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L32)","v":1}]
[2015,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33)","v":5.2592664729375571E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33)","v":0.12526314033774721},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33)","v":6.4782856426499605E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33)","v":5.9847552659004662E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33)","v":0.20727145946242592},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33)","v":4.9948644389433174E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33)","v":0.22474312779072952},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33)","v":0.22176186599763587},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33)","v":5.2093366598353931E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33","v":0.27385512498863396},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L33)","v":1}]
[2016,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34)","v":4.7577146286754794E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34)","v":0.12267422952843977},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34)","v":6.4740153437765572E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34)","v":6.373908874255832E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34)","v":0.21293665400872744},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34)","v":4.8118991756371327E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34)","v":0.22717369562380893},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34)","v":0.21582680791879127},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34)","v":5.5479474592585662E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34","v":0.27130617870956286},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L34)","v":1}]
[2017,4.8113850029307292E-2,0.12172744167491811,6.5154522632932419E-3,6.3949072139809812E-2,0.21651747750174338,4.7951626899043649E-2,0.22782534792525289,0.20791965159777029,5.9479977941735367E-2,0.26739962953950569,1]
[2018,4.5790102547780924E-2,0.12060844677775254,6.203662789556013E-3,6.3898414510971016E-2,0.21872274739817862,4.7773695740128956E-2,0.22980056714816813,0.20412908347328962,6.307327961417418E-2,0.26720236308746381,1]
[2019,4.5056251752752775E-2,0.11886644655417529,5.826634332299613E-3,6.0090238323263004E-2,0.22129896514232425,4.7709574185638995E-2,0.23032397702885096,0.20701635843611152,6.3811554244583582E-2,0.27082791268069512,1]
[2020,{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":4.7558920876643096E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":0.11706726334193832},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":6.1868734946463107E-3},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":5.1405073913668199E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":0.2181841150776562},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":4.837443364831151E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":0.2292819469475966},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":0.21855826430103098},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":6.3383108398508789E-2},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":0.28232109681997353},{"$f":"'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L38","v":1}]
[2021,4.8186195172350003E-2,0.11419348331529501,6.0032850470781839E-3,4.9770605883714771E-2,0.22145941587201382,4.737355625943615E-2,0.22626752073013123,0.22330073545128112,6.3445202268699707E-2,0.2867459377199808,1]
[2022,4.6453612114032254E-2,0.11761935074225321,5.9904256903607076E-3,5.2400320872232189E-2,0.21508449226752993,4.1397321790187271E-2,0.23232011889397569,0.22278982768292824,6.5944529946500519E-2,0.28873435762942873,1]
[2024,4.3999999999999997E-2,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C42/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!$L$42)","v":0.12061414478202961},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D42/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!$L$42)","v":5.9380804629966975E-3},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E42/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!$L$42)","v":5.5126626789543158E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F42/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!$L$42)","v":0.21673527079811983},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G42/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!$L$42)","v":4.4756869994206569E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H42/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!$L$42)","v":0.2308179376877639},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I42/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!$L$42)","v":0.21402734559310999},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J42/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!$L$42)","v":6.1250511404698053E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!K42/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!$L$42)","v":0.28194879532464118},1]
["Source: Stats SA, South African Statistics 2010-12; Quarterly employment statistics (QES) details breakdown, Statistical release P0277, 28 September 2021, accessed 7 October 2021; Quarterly Employment Statistics: June 2022 (QES) details breakdown 200909-202206, accessed 12 October 2022"]
["a   The data in this table is based on Survey of employment and earnings, Statistical release P0275, and, as from 2005, on the Quarterly employment statistics survey, Statistical release P0277."]
["b Former Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda and Ciskei (TBVC) states data is included as from January 1994. The total employment in these states for January 1994 amounted to approximately 9.0% of the total employment of the mining and quarrying sector."]
["c    Former TBVC states data is included as from January 1996. The total employment in these states for January 1996 amounted to 5.8% of the total employment of the manufacturing sector."]
["d   The data is based on a sample survey and refers to private establishments and public corporations which have as their main activity the generation and/or distribution of electricity, gas, and water supply. As from January 1996, data on the electricity sector also include particulars of the former TBVC states. The contribution regarding former TBVC states for March 1996 was 1.9% of the total employment of the electricity sector. As from 1998, there has been a reclassification of water boards from local governments into the electricity, gas, and water supply industry."]
["e   As from January 1996, data representing employment in the private construction industry also includes particulars of the former TBVC states. The former TBVC contribution to the employment of the construction industry  in 1996 was 0.1%."]
["f  The data on the formal TBVC states relating to wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and personal and household goods, and hotels and restaurants was included as from the first quarter of 1996. The total employment of the commercial industries in these areas for March 1996 was about 0.1% of the total employment for the wholesale trade industry, 1.0% for the retail trade industry, and 0.7% for the motor trade industry. For the hotels industry the former TBVC states data was included from 1995. The total employment in these states was approximately 16.0% of the total employment of the hotels industry."]
["g   The former TBVC states data for banking institutions, building societies and insurance companies, was included as from the first quarter of 1995. The total employment in these states for March 1995 was approximately 1.0% of the total employment of the financial institutions industry."]
["h   The Other services include activities of membership organisation; recreational, cultural, and sporting activities; and other services."]
["i   The information on the governments and the local governments of the former TBVC (Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda, and Ciskei) states was included in the public sector from the first quarter of 1995. The total employment in these states for June 1994 was approximately 12.0% of the total employment of the public sector. The information on all the universities of the former TBVC states is included in the public sector from the first quarter of 1996. The total employment for universities in these states for March 1996 was approximately 11.0% of the total employment of the universities."]

{"sheet":"2PCs Employm. by industry 90&24","index":28,"n_rows":13,"n_cols":21,"rows_kept":13,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,1,1,10]]}
[]
[null,"Formal employment by industry, 1990 and 2024"]
[]
[]
[null,null,null,"Mining","Manufacturing","Utilities","Construction","Trade","Transport","Finance","Community, social and personal services (including the Government)"]
[null,null,1990,0.129,0.2869313457982261,9.5027249418349995E-3,7.7932795281034875E-2,0.14707575661155073,6.7420079227942784E-2,3.476369996396355E-2,0.24706413014328923]
[null,null,2019,4.5056251752752775E-2,0.11886644655417529,5.826634332299613E-3,6.0090238323263004E-2,0.22129896514232425,4.7709574185638995E-2,0.23032397702885096,0.27082791268069512]
[null,null,2024,0.12061414478202961,0.12061414478202961,5.9380804629966975E-3,5.5126626789543158E-2,0.21673527079811983,4.4756869994206569E-2,0.2308179376877639,0.28199999999999997]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Mining","Manufacturing","Utilities","Construction","Trade","Transport","Finance","Community, social and personal services (including the Government)"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2024,4.3999999999999997E-2,0.12061414478202961,5.9380804629966975E-3,5.5126626789543158E-2,0.21673527079811983,4.4756869994206569E-2,0.2308179376877639,0.28199999999999997]

{"sheet":"BC Change in employment 2008-24","index":29,"n_rows":6,"n_cols":34,"rows_kept":6,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,1,0,10]]}
[null,"Change in formal employment by industry, 2008-24"]
[null,"Mining","Manufacturing","Utilities","Construction","Trade","Transport","Finance","Government sector","Other services","Total",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Mining","Manufacturing","Utilities","Construction","Trade","Transport","Finance","Government sector","Other services","Total"]
[null,{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B42-'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B26)/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!B26","v":-9.1913921333684659E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C42-'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C26)/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!C26","v":-1.0819784048223311E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D42-'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D26)/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!D26","v":8.424496472753297E-2},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E42-'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E26)/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!E26","v":0.24594818058332701},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F42-'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F26)/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!F26","v":0.34571068823794932},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G42-'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G26)/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!G26","v":0.3191805388990967},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H42-'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H26)/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!H26","v":0.29670412055706896},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I42-'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I26)/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!I26","v":0.34871114210927756},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J42-'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J26)/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!J26","v":0.64248409030052622},{"$f":"('Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L42-'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26)/'Formal empl. by industry 90-24'!L26","v":0.26719207432590003}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2008,519943,1306588,58686,474108,1725813,363556,1907412,1700459,399599,2100058,8456164]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2024,472153,1292451,63630,590714,2322445,479596,2473349,2293428,656335,3021246,10715584]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"(X5-X4)/X4","v":-9.1913921333684659E-2},{"$f":"(Y5-Y4)/Y4","v":-1.0819784048223311E-2},8.424496472753297E-2,0.24594818058332701,0.34571068823794932,0.3191805388990967,0.29670412055706896,0.34871114210927756,0.64248409030052622,0.43864883731782645]

{"sheet":"Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 ","index":30,"n_rows":34,"n_cols":22,"rows_kept":34,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,4],[3,3,3,4],[3,5,3,6],[3,1,3,2],[33,0,33,6],[3,20,3,21],[29,0,29,6],[30,0,30,6],[31,0,31,6],[32,0,32,6]]}
[]
["Employment by economic sector and industry, 2001-24"]
[]
["Sector and industry","—2001—",null,"—2023—",null,"—2024—",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"—2022—"]
["Formal (non-agricultural)","Numbera","Proportion","Numbera","Proportion","Numbera","Proportion",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Numbera","Proportion"]
["Mining",485000,3.9E-2,431000,{"$f":"D6/16346000","v":2.6367306986418697E-2},438000,{"$f":"F6/16346000","v":2.6795546311024102E-2},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,392000,{"$f":"U6/15562000","v":2.5189564323351753E-2}]
["Manufacturing",1462000,0.11700000000000001,1371000,{"$f":"D7/16346000","v":8.3873730576287775E-2},1430000,{"$f":"F7/16346000","v":8.748317631224764E-2},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1305000,{"$f":"U7/15562000","v":8.3858115923403156E-2}]
["Utilities",77000,6.0000000000000001E-3,120000,7.3412455646641381E-3,109000,6.6682980545699254E-3,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,95000,6.1046138028531035E-3]
["Construction",342000,2.7E-2,808000,4.943105346873853E-2,744000,4.5515722500917656E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,725000,4.6587842179668423E-2]
["Trade",1365000,0.109,2204000,0.13483421020433134,2168000,0.1326318365349321,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1988000,0.12774707621128389]
["Transport",493000,3.9E-2,675000,4.1294506301235774E-2,681000,4.1661568579468983E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,608000,3.9069528338259864E-2]
["Finance",988000,7.9000000000000001E-2,2290000,0.14009543619234063,2583000,0.15802031077939557,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2134000,0.13712890373987918]
["Community and social servicesb",1772000,0.14199999999999999,3418000,0.20910314450018352,3306000,0.20225131530649701,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,3339000,0.2145611103971212]
["Other","—c","—c",11000,6.7294751009421266E-4,9000,5.5059341734981036E-4,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,13000,8.3536820460095105E-4]
["Total",6984000,0.55900000000000005,11329000,0.69307475835066679,{"$f":"SUM(F6:F14)","v":11468000},{"$f":"F15/F29","v":0.68868604371847231},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,10599000,0.68108212312042149]
["Informal (non-agricultural)"]
["Mining","—d","—d",12000,{"$f":"D17/16346000","v":7.3412455646641381E-4},19000,{"$f":"F17/16346000","v":1.1623638810718219E-3},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,15000,{"$f":"U17/15562000","v":9.6388638992417428E-4}]
["Manufacturing",382000,3.1E-2,187000,{"$f":"D18/16346000","v":1.1440107671601614E-2},225000,{"$f":"F18/16346000","v":1.3764835433745258E-2},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,202000,{"$f":"U18/15562000","v":1.2980336717645547E-2}]
["Utilities","—d","—d",9000,5.5059341734981036E-4,5000,3.0588523186100575E-4,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,9000,5.7833183395450459E-4]
["Construction",299000,2.4E-2,496000,3.0343815000611771E-2,461000,2.820261837758473E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,452000,2.904510988304845E-2]
["Trade",1998000,0.16,1157000,7.0781842652636734E-2,1192000,7.2923039275663765E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1175000,7.5504433877393654E-2]
["Transport",190000,1.4999999999999999E-2,310000,1.8964884375382355E-2,383000,2.3430808760553042E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,298000,1.9149209613160263E-2]
["Finance",146000,1.2E-2,309000,1.8903707329010155E-2,322000,1.9699008931848769E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,327000,2.1012723300346998E-2]
["Community and social servicesb",330000,2.5999999999999999E-2,547000,3.3463844365594027E-2,521000,3.1873241159916799E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,482000,3.09728826628968E-2]
["Other","—c","—c",2000,1.223540927444023E-4,1000,6.1177046372201151E-5,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,5000,{"$f":"U25/15562000","v":3.2129546330805808E-4}]
["Total",3353000,0.26800000000000002,3029000,0.18530527346139727,{"$f":"SUM(F17:F25)","v":3129000},{"$f":"F26/F29","v":0.18790535671390823},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2965000,{"$f":"U26/15562000","v":0.19052820974167844}]
["Agriculture",969000,7.6999999999999999E-2,894000,5.469227945674783E-2,896000,{"$f":"F27/$F$29","v":5.3807350468412202E-2},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,874000,{"$f":"U27/15562000","v":5.6162446986248553E-2}]
["Private households",1188000,9.5000000000000001E-2,1093000,6.686651168481586E-2,1160000,{"$f":"F28/$F$29","v":6.9661301945712226E-2},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1124000,{"$f":"U28/15562000","v":7.2227220151651464E-2}]
["TOTAL",12494000,1,16346000,1,16652000,{"$f":"F29/$F$29","v":1},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,15562000,{"$f":"U29/15562000","v":1}]
["Source: Stats SA, Labour Force Survey Historical revision March series 2001 to 2021, Statistical release P0210, p16; QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024\t"]
["a Figures should add up vertically but may not, owing to rounding."]
["b Including government."]
["c In revised LFS data for 2001 there was no category 'Other'."]
["d Sample too small for reliable estimates."]

{"sheet":"Change in employment by sector","index":31,"n_rows":34,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":34,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,4],[29,0,29,4],[30,0,30,4],[3,3,3,4],[3,1,3,2]]}
[]
["Change in employment by economic sector and industrya, \n2001-24 and 2023-24"]
[]
["Sector and industry","—2001-24—",null,"—2023-24—"]
["Formal (non-agricultural)","Number","Change","Number","Change"]
["Mining",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F6-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B6","v":-47000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F6-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B6)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B6","v":-9.6907216494845363E-2},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F6-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D6","v":7000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F6-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D6)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D6","v":1.6241299303944315E-2}]
["Manufacturing",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F7-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B7","v":-32000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F7-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B7)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B7","v":-2.188782489740082E-2},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F7-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D7","v":59000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F7-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D7)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D7","v":4.3034281546316555E-2}]
["Utilities",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F8-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B8","v":32000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F8-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B8)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B8","v":0.41558441558441561},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F8-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D8","v":-11000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F8-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D8)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D8","v":-9.166666666666666E-2}]
["Construction",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F9-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B9","v":402000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F9-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B9)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B9","v":1.1754385964912282},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F9-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D9","v":-64000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F9-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D9)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D9","v":-7.9207920792079209E-2}]
["Trade",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F10-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B10","v":803000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F10-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B10)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B10","v":0.5882783882783883},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F10-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D10","v":-36000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F10-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D10)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D10","v":-1.6333938294010888E-2}]
["Transport",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F11-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B11","v":188000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F11-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B11)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B11","v":0.38133874239350912},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F11-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D11","v":6000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F11-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D11)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D11","v":8.8888888888888889E-3}]
["Finance",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F12-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B12","v":1595000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F12-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B12)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B12","v":1.6143724696356276},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F12-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D12","v":293000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F12-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D12)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D12","v":0.12794759825327512}]
["Community and social servicesb",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F13-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B13","v":1534000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F13-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B13)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B13","v":0.86568848758465011},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F13-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D13","v":-112000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F13-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D13)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D13","v":-3.2767700409596257E-2}]
["Other","—c","—c",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F14-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D14","v":-2000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F14-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D14)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D14","v":-0.18181818181818182}]
["Total",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F15-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B15","v":4484000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F15-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B15)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B15","v":0.64203894616265755},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F15-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D15","v":139000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F15-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D15)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D15","v":1.2269397122429164E-2}]
["Informal (non-agricultural)"]
["Mining","—d","—d",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F17-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D17","v":7000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F17-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D17)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D17","v":0.58333333333333337}]
["Manufacturing",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F18-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B18","v":-157000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F18-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B18)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B18","v":-0.41099476439790578},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F18-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D18","v":38000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F18-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D18)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D18","v":0.20320855614973263}]
["Utilities","—d","—d",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F19-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D19","v":-4000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F19-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D19)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D19","v":-0.44444444444444442}]
["Construction",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F20-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B20","v":162000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F20-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B20)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B20","v":0.5418060200668896},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F20-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D20","v":-35000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F20-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D20)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D20","v":-7.0564516129032265E-2}]
["Trade",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F21-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B21","v":-806000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F21-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B21)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B21","v":-0.40340340340340342},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F21-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D21","v":35000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F21-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D21)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D21","v":3.025064822817632E-2}]
["Transport",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F22-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B22","v":193000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F22-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B22)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B22","v":1.0157894736842106},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F22-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D22","v":73000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F22-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D22)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D22","v":0.23548387096774193}]
["Finance",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F23-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B23","v":176000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F23-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B23)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B23","v":1.2054794520547945},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F23-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D23","v":13000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F23-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D23)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D23","v":4.2071197411003236E-2}]
["Community and social servicesb",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F24-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B24","v":191000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F24-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B24)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B24","v":0.57878787878787874},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F24-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D24","v":-26000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F24-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D24)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D24","v":-4.7531992687385741E-2}]
["Other","—d","—d",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F25-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D25","v":-1000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F25-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D25)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D25","v":-0.5}]
["Total",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F26-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B26","v":-224000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F26-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B26)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B26","v":-6.6805845511482248E-2},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F26-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D26","v":100000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F26-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D26)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D26","v":3.3014196104324857E-2}]
["Agriculture",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F27-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B27","v":-73000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F27-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B27)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B27","v":-7.533539731682147E-2},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F27-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D27","v":2000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F27-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D27)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D27","v":2.2371364653243847E-3}]
["Private households",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F28-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B28","v":-28000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F28-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B28)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B28","v":-2.3569023569023569E-2},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F28-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D28","v":67000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F28-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D28)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D28","v":6.1299176578225069E-2}]
["TOTAL",{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F29-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B29","v":4158000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F29-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B29)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!B29","v":0.33279974387706102},{"$f":"'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F29-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D29","v":306000},{"$f":"('Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!F29-'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D29)/'Employm. by sec&industry 01-24 '!D29","v":1.872017618989355E-2}]
["Source: Stats SA, Labour Force Survey Historical revision March series 2001 to 2021, Statistical release P0210, p16; QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024"]
["a This table shows the actual and percentage change in overall employment. "]
["b Including government."]
["c In the revised LFS data for 2001, there was no category 'Other'."]
["d Sample too small for reliable estimates."]

{"sheet":"All employment 2008 and 2024","index":32,"n_rows":46,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":46,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[45,0,45,5],[3,3,3,4],[3,1,3,2],[1,0,1,5],[43,0,43,5],[44,0,44,4],[3,5,4,5]]}
[]
["All employment by industry and sex, 2008 and 2024"]
[]
[null,"—2008—",null,"—2024—",null,"Changea"]
["Male","Number","Proportion","Number","Proportion"]
["Agriculture",563000,3.9E-2,622000,{"$f":"D6/total1","v":3.7352870526062933E-2},{"$f":"(D6-B6)/B6","v":0.10479573712255773}]
["Mining",337000,2.3E-2,367000,{"$f":"D7/total1","v":2.2039394667307231E-2},{"$f":"(D7-B7)/B7","v":8.9020771513353122E-2}]
["Manufacturing",1418000,9.7000000000000003E-2,1050000,6.305548883017055E-2,-0.25952045133991536]
["Utilities",83000,6.0000000000000001E-3,90000,5.4047561854431896E-3,8.4337349397590355E-2]
["Construction",1101000,7.4999999999999997E-2,1072000,6.437665145327888E-2,-2.633969118982743E-2]
["Trade",1663000,0.114,1750000,0.10509248138361758,5.2315093205051115E-2]
["Transport",650000,4.4999999999999998E-2,874000,5.2486187845303865E-2,0.3446153846153846]
["Finance",1028000,7.0000000000000007E-2,1690000,0.10148931059332213,0.64396887159533078]
["Community and social servicesb",1194000,8.2000000000000003E-2,1391000,8.3533509488349741E-2,0.16499162479061977]
["Private households",281000,1.9E-2,289000,1.7355272639923133E-2,{"$f":"(D15-B15)/B15","v":2.8469750889679714E-2}]
["Other",2000,0,9000,5.4047561854431896E-4,3.5]
["Total",8319000,0.56999999999999995,{"$f":"SUM(D6:D16)","v":9204000},{"$f":"D17/total1","v":0.55272639923132361},0.10638297872340426]
["Female"]
["Agriculture",257000,1.7999999999999999E-2,274000,1.6454479942349269E-2,{"$f":"(D19-B19)/B19","v":6.6147859922178989E-2}]
["Mining",36000,2E-3,90000,5.4047561854431896E-3,1.5]
["Manufacturing",681000,4.7E-2,605000,3.6331972135479222E-2,-0.11160058737151249]
["Utilities",26000,2E-3,24000,1.441268316118184E-3,-7.6923076923076927E-2]
["Construction",122000,8.0000000000000002E-3,132000,{"$f":"D23/total1","v":7.926975738650012E-3},8.1967213114754092E-2]
["Trade",1608000,0.11,1610000,9.668508287292818E-2,1.2437810945273632E-3]
["Transport",182000,1.2E-2,191000,1.1470093682440547E-2,4.9450549450549448E-2]
["Finance",785000,5.3999999999999999E-2,1214000,7.2904155656978137E-2,0.54649681528662419]
["Community and social servicesb",1591000,0.109,2436000,0.14628873408599569,0.53111250785669395]
["Private households",975000,6.7000000000000004E-2,871000,5.2306029305789092E-2,-0.10666666666666667]
["Other",3000,0,0,0,-1]
["Total",6266000,0.43,{"$f":"SUM(D19:D29)","v":7447000},0.44721354792217149,{"$f":"(D30-B30)/B30","v":0.18847749760612831}]
["Both sexes"]
["Agriculture",820000,5.6000000000000001E-2,896000,5.3807350468412202E-2,{"$f":"(D32-B32)/B32","v":9.2682926829268292E-2}]
["Mining",373000,2.5999999999999999E-2,457000,2.7444150852750419E-2,0.22520107238605899]
["Manufacturing",2099000,0.14399999999999999,1655000,9.9387460965649765E-2,-0.21152929966650785]
["Utilities",109000,7.0000000000000001E-3,114000,6.8460245015613741E-3,4.5871559633027525E-2]
["Construction",1223000,8.4000000000000005E-2,1204000,7.2303627191928899E-2,-1.5535568274734259E-2]
["Trade",3271000,0.224,3360000,0.20177756425654575,2.7208804646896973E-2]
["Transport",832000,5.7000000000000002E-2,1064000,6.3896228681239495E-2,0.27884615384615385]
["Finance",1813000,0.124,2905000,0.17445351909680518,0.60231660231660233]
["Community and social servicesb",2785000,0.191,3827000,0.22982224357434541,0.37414721723518851]
["Private households",1255000,8.5999999999999993E-2,1160000,6.9661301945712226E-2,-7.5697211155378488E-2]
["Other",5000,0,10000,6.0052846504924338E-4,1]
["TOTAL",14584000,1,{"$f":"SUM(D32:D42)","v":16652000},1,0.14179923203510697]
["Source: Stats SA, Labour Force Survey Historical revision March series 2001 to 2021, Statistical release P0210, p16; QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024"]
["a Figures from 2008 to 2024 are strictly comparable. Refers to the change in number."]
["b Including government."]

{"sheet":"All empl. by ind.race.sex","index":33,"n_rows":46,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":46,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[42,0,42,5],[43,0,43,5],[44,0,44,5],[45,0,45,5]]}
[]
["All employment by industry, race and sex (actual numbers), 2024"]
[]
["Male","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala"]
["Agriculture",482776,108287,50,31691,621805]
["Mining",290660,20479,4023,51923,367085]
["Manufacturing",751105,117188,49768,131990,1050051]
["Utilities",65044,11546,"—b",13493,90083]
["Construction",859998,113215,13591,85185,1071988]
["Trade",1290438,141857,153763,164044,1750103]
["Transport",703456,78105,23421,68615,873597]
["Finance",1181248,157137,85361,265985,1690426]
["Community and social servicesc",1078248,147471,30786,134615,1391120]
["Private households",270520,15099,16.02,17.149999999999999,288935]
["Other",3134,2373,2766,855,9129]
["Totala",6977323,911758,365131,950111,9204322]
["Female"]
["Agriculture",233310,34572,"—b",6238,274120]
["Mining",74440,2407,"—b",12770,89617]
["Manufacturing",412710,103319,22554,66169,604752]
["Utilities",20124,"—b",9.91,2906,24021]
["Construction",102862,11381,4128,14049,132421]
["Trade",1300937,139321,42913,126834,1610005]
["Transport",126225,18115,12167,34348,190855]
["Finance",799267,148793,41457,224848,1214365]
["Community and social servicesc",1822509,248572,62793,302217,2436091]
["Private households",798302,65799,"—b",7185,871287]
["Other","—b",477,"—b","—b",477]
["Totala",5690686,772758,187003,797564,7488011]
["Both sexes"]
["Agriculture",716086,141859,50,37929,895924]
["Mining",365100,22886,4023,64693,456702]
["Manufacturing",1163814,220508,72321,198159,1654803]
["Utilities",85168,11546,991,16399,114104]
["Construction",962860,124596,17719,99234,1204409]
["Trade",2591375,281178,196676,290878,3360108]
["Transport",829681,96221,35588,102963,1064453]
["Finance",1981210,305931,126818,490832,2904791]
["Community and social servicesc",2900757,396043,93579,436832,3827211]
["Private households",1068822,80898,1602,8900,1160223]
["Other",3134,2851,2766,855,9606]
["Totala",12668009,1684516,552134,1747675,16652333]
["Source: Stats SA, email communication, 9 September 2024"]
["a   Figures should add up vertically and horizontally but may not, owing to rounding."]
["b   For all values of 10 000 or lower, the sample size is too small for reliable estimates."]
["c   Including government."]

{"sheet":"All empl. by ind. race, sex, %","index":34,"n_rows":45,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":45,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[42,0,42,5],[43,0,43,5],[44,0,44,5]]}
[]
["All employment by industry, race and sex (proportions), 2024"]
[]
["Male","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala"]
["Agriculture",6.9199999999999998E-2,0.1177,1E-4,3.3399999999999999E-2,6.7599999999999993E-2]
["Mining",4.1700000000000001E-2,2.2499999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2,5.4600000000000003E-2,3.9899999999999998E-2]
["Manufacturing",0.1076,0.1285,0.1363,0.1389,0.11409999999999999," "]
["Utilities",9.2999999999999992E-3,1.2699999999999999E-2,0,1.4200000000000001E-2,9.7999999999999997E-3]
["Construction",0.12330000000000001,0.1242,3.7199999999999997E-2,8.9700000000000002E-2,0.11650000000000001]
["Trade",0.18490000000000001,0.15559999999999999,0.42109999999999997,0.17269999999999999,0.19009999999999999]
["Transport",0.1008,8.5699999999999998E-2,6.4100000000000004E-2,7.22E-2,9.4899999999999998E-2]
["Finance",0.1694,0.17230000000000001,0.23380000000000001,0.28000000000000003,0.1837]
["Community and social servicesb",0.1545,0.16170000000000001,8.43E-2,0.14169999999999999,0.15110000000000001]
["Private households",3.8800000000000001E-2,1.66E-2,4.4000000000000003E-3,1.8E-3,3.1399999999999997E-2]
["Other",4.0000000000000002E-4,2.5999999999999999E-3,7.6E-3,8.9999999999999998E-4,1E-3]
["Totala",{"$f":"SUM(B5:B15)","v":0.99990000000000001},{"$f":"SUM(C5:C15)","v":1.0000999999999998},0.99990000000000001,1.0001,1.0001]
["Female"]
["Agriculture",4.1000000000000002E-2,4.4699999999999997E-2,0,7.7999999999999996E-3,3.6799999999999999E-2]
["Mining",1.3100000000000001E-2,3.0999999999999999E-3,0,1.6E-2,1.2E-2]
["Manufacturing",7.2499999999999995E-2,0.13370000000000001,0.1206,8.3000000000000004E-2,8.1199999999999994E-2]
["Utilities",3.5000000000000001E-3,0,5.3E-3,3.5999999999999999E-3,3.2000000000000002E-3]
["Construction",1.8100000000000002E-2,1.47E-2,2.2100000000000002E-2,1.7600000000000001E-2,1.78E-2]
["Trade",0.2286,0.18029999999999999,0.22950000000000001,0.159,0.2162]
["Transport",2.2200000000000001E-2,2.3400000000000001E-2,6.5100000000000005E-2,4.3099999999999999E-2,2.5600000000000001E-2]
["Finance",0.14050000000000001,0.1925,0.22170000000000001,0.28189999999999998,0.16300000000000001]
["Community and social servicesb",0.32029999999999997,0.32169999999999999,0.33579999999999999,0.37890000000000001,0.3271]
["Private households",0.14030000000000001,8.5099999999999995E-2,0,8.9999999999999993E-3,0.11700000000000001]
["Other",0,5.9999999999999995E-4,0,0,1E-4]
["Totala",{"$f":"SUM(B18:B28)","v":1.0001000000000002},{"$f":"SUM(C18:C28)","v":0.99979999999999991},1.0001000000000002,0.99990000000000012,1]
["Both sexes"]
["Agriculture",5.6500000000000002E-2,8.4199999999999997E-2,1E-4,2.1700000000000001E-2,5.3800000000000001E-2]
["Mining",2.8799999999999999E-2,1.3599999999999999E-2,7.3000000000000001E-3,3.6999999999999998E-2,2.7400000000000001E-2]
["Manufacturing",9.1899999999999996E-2,0.13089999999999999,0.13100000000000001,0.1134,9.9400000000000002E-2]
["Utilities",6.7000000000000002E-3,6.8999999999999999E-3,1.8E-3,9.4000000000000004E-3,6.8999999999999999E-3]
["Construction",7.5999999999999998E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,3.2099999999999997E-2,5.6800000000000003E-2,7.2300000000000003E-2]
["Trade",0.2046,0.16689999999999999,0.35620000000000002,0.16639999999999999,0.20180000000000001]
["Transport",6.5500000000000003E-2,5.7099999999999998E-2,6.4500000000000002E-2,5.8900000000000001E-2,6.3899999999999998E-2]
["Finance",0.15640000000000001,0.18160000000000001,0.22969999999999999,0.28079999999999999,0.1744]
["Community and social servicesb",0.22900000000000001,0.2351,0.16950000000000001,0.25,0.2298]
["Private households",8.4400000000000003E-2,4.8000000000000001E-2,2.8999999999999998E-3,5.1000000000000004E-3,6.9699999999999998E-2]
["Other",2.0000000000000001E-4,1.6999999999999999E-3,5.0000000000000001E-3,5.0000000000000001E-4,5.9999999999999995E-4]
["Totala",{"$f":"SUM(B31:B41)","v":1},{"$f":"SUM(C31:C41)","v":1},1.0001,0.99999999999999989,1]
["Source: Stats SA, email communication, 9 September 2024"]
["a   Figures should add up vertically and horizontally but may not, owing to rounding."]
["b   Including government."]

{"sheet":"QLFS+QES","index":35,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Differences bet QLFS&QES","index":36,"n_rows":14,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":14,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[3,0,3,2],[1,0,1,2],[6,0,8,0],[13,0,13,2]]}
[]
["Comparison between the Quarterly Labour Force Services (QLFS) and the Quarterly Employment Statistics (QES)"]
[]
["Key differences between the QLFS and the QES"]
[]
[null,"QLFS","QES"]
["Coverage","Private households and workers' hostels","Payroll of VAT registered businesses"]
[null,"Non-institutional population \n(15 years and older)","Employees only"]
[null,"Total employment (including informal sector, private households, agriculture, and small businesses)","Formal sector excluding agriculture"]
["Sample size","Quarterly sample of approximately 30 000 dwellings in which households reside","Quarterly sample of 20 000 non-agricultural formal sector businesses"]
["Reference period","One week prior to the interview","Payroll on the last day of the quarter"]
["Standard industrial\nclassification (SIC)","All industries","Excluding agriculture and private households"]
["Formal sector definition (excluding agriculture and private households)","Employers and own-account workers registered for VAT or income tax\nEmployees paying income tax and those not paying tax but working in firms with 5 or more workers","Employees on payroll of VAT registered businesses"]
["Source: Stats SA, Quarterly Labour Force Survey Quarter 2: 2024, Statistical release P0211, 18 August 2024, p14"]

{"sheet":" Employm.by industry QLFSvsQES","index":37,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":18,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[4,1,4,2],[3,3,3,4],[1,0,1,4],[17,0,17,4]]}
[]
["Employment by industry, 2024"]
[]
[null,"QLFS","QES","Difference:\n —QLFS vs QES—"]
["Sector","—Q2 2024—",null,"Number","Change "]
["Agriculture",896000,"—","—","—"]
["Mining",457000,472000,{"$f":"C7-B7","v":15000},{"$f":"(C7-B7)/B7","v":3.2822757111597371E-2}]
["Manufacturing",1655000,1293000,{"$f":"C8-B8","v":-362000},{"$f":"(C8-B8)/B8","v":-0.21873111782477342}]
["Utilities",114000,64000,-50000,{"$f":"(C9-B9)/B9","v":-0.43859649122807015}]
["Construction",1204000,591000,-613000,-0.50913621262458475]
["Trade",3360000,2322000,-1038000,-0.30892857142857144]
["Transport",1064000,480000,-584000,-0.54887218045112784]
["Finance",2905000,2473000,-432000,-0.14870912220309809]
["Community and social services",3827000,3021000,-806000,-0.21060883198327671]
["Private households",1160000,"—","—","—"]
["Other",10000,"—","—","—"]
["Total",{"$f":"SUM(B6:B16)","v":16652000},10716000,{"$f":"C17-B17","v":-5936000},{"$f":"(C17-B17)/B17","v":-0.35647369685323083}]
["Source: Stats SA, Quarterly Employment Statistics: March 2024 (QES) details breakdown 2009-2024, accessed 18 August 2024; Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) Trends 2008-24Q2, accessed 18 August 2024"]

{"sheet":"Employment by occupation","index":38,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Employment by occupation 01-24","index":39,"n_rows":24,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":24,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[22,0,22,5],[23,0,23,5],[4,5,5,5],[1,0,1,5],[2,0,2,5],[4,1,4,2],[4,3,4,4],[20,0,20,5],[21,0,21,5]]}
[]
["All employment by occupation"]
[" "]
[]
[null,"—2001—",null,"—2024—",null,"Change 2001-24c"]
["Category","Number","Proportion","Number","Proportion"]
["Skilled",2436000,{"$f":"B7/B20","v":0.19497358732191453},{"$f":"SUM(D8:D10)","v":4333000},{"$f":"D7/total2","v":0.26033405431386686},{"$f":"(D7-B7)/B7","v":0.77873563218390807}]
["Manager",664000,5.2999999999999999E-2,1451000,8.7178562845469834E-2,{"$f":"(D8-B8)/B8","v":1.1852409638554218}]
["Professional",385000,3.1E-2,1102000,6.6210045662100453E-2,{"$f":"(D9-B9)/B9","v":1.8623376623376624}]
["Technician",1387000,0.111,1780000,0.10694544580629656,0.28334534967555874]
["Semi-skilled",6065000,{"$f":"B11/B20","v":0.48543300784376503},{"$f":"SUM(D12:D16)","v":7374000},0.44304253785147801,0.2158285243198681]
["Clerk",1202000,9.6000000000000002E-2,1705000,0.10243931747176159,0.41846921797004993]
["Sales and services",1796000,0.14399999999999999,2584000,0.15525114155251141,{"$f":"(D13-B13)/B13","v":0.43875278396436523}]
["Skilled agriculture",215000,1.7000000000000001E-2,105000,{"$f":"D14/total2","v":6.3085796683489542E-3},-0.51162790697674421]
["Craft and related trade",1734000,0.13900000000000001,1672000,0.1004566210045662,-3.5755478662053058E-2]
["Plant and machine operator",1118000,8.8999999999999996E-2,1308000,7.858687815428983E-2,0.16994633273703041]
["Low-skilled",3990000,{"$f":"B17/B20","v":0.31935328957899795},{"$f":"SUM(D18:D19)","v":4937000},{"$f":"D17/total2","v":0.29662340783465513},{"$f":"(D17-B17)/B17","v":0.23734335839598997}]
["Elementary",3036000,0.24299999999999999,4094000,0.24597452535448208,0.34848484848484851]
["Domestic worker",954000,7.5999999999999998E-2,843000,5.0648882480173033E-2,-0.11635220125786164]
["Totalb",12494000,1,{"$f":"SUM(D7,D11,D17)","v":16644000},1,{"$f":"(D20-B20)/B20","v":0.33215943652953417}]
["Source: Stats SA, Labour Force Survey Historical Revision: March Series 2001–2021, Statistical release P0210, 28 August 2008, p15; QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024"]
["a   Employers, employees, and self-employed including all sectors."]
["b   Figures should add up vertically but may not, owing to rounding."]
["c   Refers to the change in numbers."]

{"sheet":"BG Change in employm.01-24","index":40,"n_rows":16,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":16,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
["Manager",1.1850000000000001]
["Professional",1.8620000000000001]
["Technician",0.28299999999999997]
["Clerk",0.41799999999999998]
["Sales and services",0.439]
["Skilled agriculture",-0.51200000000000001]
["Craft and related trade",-3.5999999999999997E-2]
["Plant and machine operator",0.17]
["Elementary",0.34799999999999998]
["Domestic worker",-0.11600000000000001]

{"sheet":"Employ. by occup,race, sex.01","index":41,"n_rows":42,"n_cols":35,"rows_kept":42,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[39,0,39,5],[40,0,40,5],[41,0,41,5]]}
[]
["All employment by occupation, race and sex (actual numbers), 2001"]
[]
["Male","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala "]
["Manager",146000,30000,38000,314000,528000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,339000,59000,83000,253000,733000]
["Professional",68000,14000,12000,109000,202000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,323000,55000,44000,218000,641000]
["Technician",353000,61000,37000,220000,671000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,429000,72000,33000,114000,648000]
["Clerk",211000,43000,36000,76000,366000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,369000,80000,40000,72000,560000]
["Sales and services",673000,74000,24000,118000,889000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1237000,110000,86000,77000,1510000]
["Skilled agriculture",174000,15000,"—b","—b",189000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,48000,3000,"—b",10000,60000,null,{"$f":"(Y10-B10)/B10","v":-0.72413793103448276},{"$f":"(Z10-C10)/C10","v":-0.8},{"$f":"(AA10-D10)/D10","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}},{"$f":"(AB10-E10)/E10","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}},{"$f":"(AC10-F10)/F10","v":-0.68253968253968256}]
["Craft and related trade",962000,157000,39000,234000,1391000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1210000,142000,23000,126000,1501000,null,0.25779625779625781,-9.5541401273885357E-2,-0.41025641025641024,-0.46153846153846156,7.9079798705966931E-2]
["Plant and machine operator",795000,80000,30000,45000,951000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1086000,107000,26000,34000,1253000,null,0.36603773584905658,0.33750000000000002,-0.13333333333333333,-0.24444444444444444,0.31756046267087279]
["Elementary",1115000,250000,25000,43000,1435000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1925000,277000,24000,60000,2287000,null,0.726457399103139,0.108,-0.04,0.39534883720930231,0.59372822299651573]
["Domestic worker",43000,2000,"—b","—b",44000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,37000,57000,"—b","—b",40000,null,-0.13953488372093023,27.5,{"$error":"#VALUE!"},{"$error":"#VALUE!"},-9.0909090909090912E-2]
["Total",4540000,725000,241000,1159000,6666000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,7004000,909000,359000,964000,9236000,null,0.54273127753303962,0.25379310344827588,0.48962655601659749,-0.16824849007765316,0.38553855385538555]
["Female",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$error":"#DIV/0!"},{"$error":"#DIV/0!"},{"$error":"#DIV/0!"},{"$error":"#DIV/0!"},{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}]
["Manager",40000,12000,5000,80000,137000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,183000,24000,24000,141000,371000,null,3.5750000000000002,1,3.8,0.76249999999999996,1.7080291970802919]
["Professional",80000,11000,10000,83000,183000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,403000,57000,54000,198000,713000,null,4.0374999999999996,4.1818181818181817,4.4000000000000004,1.3855421686746987,2.8961748633879782]
["Technician",413000,78000,17000,208000,716000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,532000,91000,37000,135000,796000,null,0.28813559322033899,0.16666666666666666,1.1764705882352942,-0.35096153846153844,0.11173184357541899]
["Clerk",274000,127000,51000,385000,836000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,868000,187000,49000,225000,1329000,null,2.167883211678832,0.47244094488188976,-3.9215686274509803E-2,-0.41558441558441561,0.58971291866028708]
["Sales and services",697000,80000,24000,107000,908000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1205000,159000,19000,60000,1443000,null,0.7288378766140603,0.98750000000000004,-0.20833333333333334,-0.43925233644859812,0.58920704845814975]
["Skilled agriculture",26000,1000,"—b","—b",27000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,15000,"—b","—b",1000,16000,null,-0.42307692307692307,{"$error":"#VALUE!"},{"$error":"#VALUE!"},{"$error":"#VALUE!"},-0.40740740740740738]
["Craft and related trade",271000,30000,11000,29000,342000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,173000,26000,2000,16000,216000,null,-0.36162361623616235,-0.13333333333333333,-0.81818181818181823,-0.44827586206896552,-0.36842105263157893]
["Plant and machine operator",115000,35000,12000,5000,167000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,124000,26000,3000,3000,155000,null,7.8260869565217397E-2,-0.25714285714285712,-0.75,-0.4,-7.1856287425149698E-2]
["Elementary",1413000,159000,13000,16000,1602000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1429000,198000,5000,17000,1648000,null,1.132342533616419E-2,0.24528301886792453,-0.61538461538461542,6.25E-2,2.871410736579276E-2]
["Domestic worker",811000,94000,1000,4000,910000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,765000,54000,1000,"—b",820000,null,-5.6720098643649818E-2,-0.42553191489361702,0,{"$error":"#VALUE!"},-9.8901098901098897E-2]
["Total",4140000,627000,145000,916000,5827000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,5699000,821000,194000,796000,7509000,null,0.37657004830917873,0.3094098883572568,0.33793103448275863,-0.13100436681222707,0.28865625536296552]
["Both sexes",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$error":"#DIV/0!"},{"$error":"#DIV/0!"},{"$error":"#DIV/0!"},{"$error":"#DIV/0!"},{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}]
["Manager",186000,42000,43000,393000,664000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,521000,83000,106000,394000,1105000,null,1.8010752688172043,0.97619047619047616,1.4651162790697674,2.5445292620865142E-3,0.66415662650602414]
["Professional",148000,24000,21000,191000,385000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,727000,112000,98000,416000,1354000,null,3.9121621621621623,3.6666666666666665,3.6666666666666665,1.1780104712041886,2.5168831168831169]
["Technician",766000,139000,54000,428000,1387000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,961000,163000,71000,250000,1444000,null,0.25456919060052219,0.17266187050359713,0.31481481481481483,-0.41588785046728971,4.1095890410958902E-2]
["Clerk",485000,170000,87000,460000,1202000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1238000,267000,88000,296000,1889000,null,1.5525773195876289,0.57058823529411762,1.1494252873563218E-2,-0.35652173913043478,0.57154742096505828]
["Sales and services",1370000,154000,47000,225000,1796000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2442000,269000,105000,137000,2953000,null,0.7824817518248175,0.74675324675324672,1.2340425531914894,-0.39111111111111113,0.64420935412026725]
["Skilled agriculture",200000,15000,"—b","—b",215000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,63000,3000,"—b",11000,76000,null,-0.68500000000000005,-0.8,{"$error":"#VALUE!"},{"$error":"#VALUE!"},-0.64651162790697669]
["Craft and related trade",1233000,187000,50000,263000,1734000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1383000,168000,25000,142000,1717000,null,0.12165450121654502,-0.10160427807486631,-0.5,-0.46007604562737642,-9.8039215686274508E-3]
["Plant and machine operator",910000,115000,43000,50000,1118000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1209000,133000,28000,38000,1408000,null,0.32857142857142857,0.15652173913043479,-0.34883720930232559,-0.24,0.25939177101967797]
["Elementary",2528000,410000,39000,60000,3036000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,3354000,475000,29000,77000,3935000,null,0.32674050632911394,0.15853658536585366,-0.25641025641025639,0.28333333333333333,0.29611330698287219]
["Domestic worker",854000,96000,1000,4000,954000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,801000,57000,1000,"—b",860000,null,-6.2060889929742388E-2,-0.40625,0,{"$error":"#VALUE!"},-9.853249475890985E-2]
["Total",8680000,1352000,386000,2075000,12494000,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,12703000,1729000,553000,1760000,16745000,null,0.46347926267281109,0.27884615384615385,0.43264248704663211,-0.15180722891566265,0.34024331679206021]
["Source: Stats SA, email communication, 22 October 2014"]
["a Figures should add up vertically and horizontally but may not, owing to rounding."]
["b Sample size too small for reliable estimates."]

{"sheet":"Employ. by occup,race, sex 2024","index":42,"n_rows":42,"n_cols":14,"rows_kept":42,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[39,0,39,5],[40,0,40,5],[41,0,41,5]]}
[]
["All employment by occupation, race and sex (actual numbers), 2024"]
[]
["Male","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala",null,null,null,"Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala"]
["Manager",419800,81722,109140,308245,918908,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B5/F29)","v":0.28933645597991875},{"$f":"(C5/F29)","v":5.6324806706981707E-2},{"$f":"(D5/F29)","v":7.5221964758571541E-2},{"$f":"(E5/F29)","v":0.21245001399125787},{"$f":"(F5/F29)","v":0.63333393066125576}]
["Professional",273619,46580,46885,179886,546970,null,null,null,0.24827215126128194,4.2265035709327617E-2,{"$f":"(D6/F30)","v":4.2541781864143952E-2},0.16322216001734882,0.49630112885210231]
["Technician",508979,92719,30533,140186,772417,null,null,null,0.28594117009257797,5.2088945417814364E-2,{"$f":"(D7/F31)","v":1.7153245510004703E-2},7.8755604593899034E-2,0.43393896561429607]
["Clerk",339986,77265,26810,41663,485723,null,null,null,0.19943381926797735,4.532320167812872E-2,{"$f":"(D8/F32)","v":1.5726590784839591E-2},2.4439274594135467E-2,0.28492229973087058]
["Sales and services",1136046,105292,72517,62727,1376583,null,null,null,0.43959184621099556,4.0742632491332344E-2,{"$f":"(D9/F33)","v":2.8060379519564142E-2},2.427214895988113E-2,0.53266739413075781]
["Skilled agriculture",70788,3897,"—b",4122,78807,null,null,null,0.67254451137248938,3.7024721150740111E-2,"—b",3.9162407129420262E-2,0.74873163965264977]
["Craft and related trade",1169294,131554,27495,112804,1441147,null,null,null,0.69930338427973715,7.8676669353931986E-2,{"$f":"(D11/F35)","v":1.6443551878972586E-2},6.746311788163753E-2,0.86188672339427919]
["Plant and machine operator",994023,97680,19796,40914,1152413,null,null,null,0.75984430431901107,7.4667881574049091E-2,{"$f":"(D12/F36)","v":1.5132323747336975E-2},3.1275201747754347E-2,0.88091971138815139]
["Elementary",2030694,268711,29189,59563,2388157,null,null,null,0.49597409115721525,6.5629629086876931E-2,{"$f":"(D13/F37)","v":7.1290838239478505E-3},1.4547590524026374E-2,0.58328039459206638]
["Domestic worker",32384,3964,"—b","—b",36348,null,null,null,3.8413725694872794E-2,{"$f":"(C14/F38)","v":4.7020753660596513E-3},"—b","—b",4.3115801060932442E-2]
["Totala",{"$f":"SUM(B5:B14)","v":6975613},909385,362365,950111,9197473]
["Female"]
["Manager",255620,51383,41625,183372,531999,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B17/F29)","v":0.17617957331488049},{"$f":"(C17/F29)","v":3.5414423815188577E-2},{"$f":"(D17/F29)","v":2.8688970891291372E-2},{"$f":"(E17/F29)","v":0.1263844797664356},{"$f":"(F17/F29)","v":0.36666675856327013}]
["Professional",321024,45272,23435,165392,555123,null,null,null,0.29128576263527672,{"$f":"(C18/F30)","v":4.1078203019164442E-2},{"$f":"(D18/F30)","v":2.1264085698756818E-2},{"$f":"(E18/F30)","v":0.15007081979469972},0.50369887114789769]
["Technician",651755,132749,42140,180952,1007596,null,null,null,0.36615182023951509,{"$f":"(C19/F31)","v":7.4577545220175359E-2},{"$f":"(D19/F31)","v":2.3673984403484692E-2},{"$f":"(E19/F31)","v":0.10165768452252877},0.56606103438570388]
["Clerk",821240,162631,56353,178808,1219032,null,null,null,0.48173462947190099,{"$f":"(C20/F32)","v":9.5398403055921205E-2},{"$f":"(D20/F32)","v":3.3056343547111726E-2},{"$f":"(E20/F32)","v":0.10488773759998499},0.71507711367491888]
["Sales and services",1013012,124111,13547,57068,1207738,null,null,null,0.39198396483407627,{"$f":"(C21/F33)","v":4.8024625433382866E-2},{"$f":"(D21/F33)","v":5.2419978949975231E-3},{"$f":"(E21/F33)","v":2.2082404655770185E-2},0.46733299281822682]
["Skilled agriculture",26447,"—b","—b","—b",26447,null,null,null,0.25126836034735023,"—b","—b","—b",0.25126836034735023]
["Craft and related trade",189595,26420,1096,13827,230937,null,null,null,0.11338844220744891,{"$f":"(C23/F35)","v":1.580064159456104E-2},{"$f":"(D23/F35)","v":6.5546946206051853E-4},{"$f":"(E23/F35)","v":8.2693213977288217E-3},0.13811327660572076]
["Plant and machine operator",123799,24560,5675,1746,155779,null,null,null,9.4633589997806133E-2,{"$f":"(C24/F36)","v":1.8773988241796127E-2},{"$f":"(D24/F36)","v":4.3380449215062299E-3},{"$f":"(E24/F36)","v":1.3346654507400667E-3},0.11907952419864654]
["Elementary",1539715,148223,3133,15127,1706198,null,null,null,0.37605801157935742,{"$f":"(C25/F37)","v":3.6201794910309441E-2},{"$f":"(D25/F37)","v":7.6519989106953352E-4},{"$f":"(E25/F37)","v":3.6945990271972022E-3},0.41671960540793362]
["Domestic worker",748481,56930,"—b",1273,806684,null,null,null,0.88784411505138594,{"$f":"(C26/F38)","v":6.7530058170982829E-2},"—b",{"$f":"(E26/F38)","v":1.5100257166987729E-3},0.95688419893906751]
["Totala",{"$f":"SUM(B17:B26)","v":5690688},772281,187003,797564,7447534]
["Both sexes"]
["Manager",675420,133105,150765,491617,1450906,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B29/F39)","v":4.0560082482136287E-2},{"$f":"(C29/F39)","v":7.9931742897526737E-3},{"$f":"(D29/F39)","v":9.0536863513358753E-3},{"$f":"(E29/F39)","v":2.9522409862930317E-2},{"$f":"(F29/F39)","v":8.7129292934509536E-2}]
["Professional",594645,91852,70320,345278,1102093,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B30/F39)","v":3.5709410807482654E-2},{"$f":"(D30/F39)","v":4.2228317197356069E-3},{"$f":"(D30/F39)","v":4.2228317197356069E-3},{"$f":"(E30/F39)","v":2.0734512095092021E-2},{"$f":"(F30/F39)","v":6.618249827216402E-2}]
["Technician",1160734,225468,72673,321138,1780013,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B31/F39)","v":6.9703986822747296E-2},{"$f":"(C31/F39)","v":1.3539724433807564E-2},{"$f":"(D31/F39)","v":4.3641332418706737E-3},{"$f":"(E31/F39)","v":1.9284865369915433E-2},{"$f":"(F31/F39)","v":0.10689270986834097}]
["Clerk",1161225,239896,83163,220471,1704756,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B32/F39)","v":6.9733472180744882E-2},{"$f":"(C32/F39)","v":1.4406149576759003E-2},{"$f":"(D32/F39)","v":4.9940750043852714E-3},{"$f":"(E32/F39)","v":1.3239646360663097E-2},{"$f":"(F32/F39)","v":0.10237340317419788}]
["Sales and services",2149058,229403,86064,119795,2584320,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B33/F39)","v":0.1290544694247947},{"$f":"(C33/F39)","v":1.3776027659307558E-2},{"$f":"(D33/F39)","v":5.16828482831805E-3},{"$f":"(E33/F39)","v":7.1938868866002143E-3},{"$f":"(F33/F39)","v":0.15519266879902052}]
["Skilled agriculture",97235,3897,"—b",4122,105254,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B34/F39)","v":5.8391217614973227E-3},{"$f":"(C34/F39)","v":2.3402126296657652E-4},"—b",{"$f":"(E34/F39)","v":2.4753288323023565E-4},{"$f":"(F34/F39)","v":6.3206759076941347E-3}]
["Craft and related trade",1358888,157974,28591,126631,1672084,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B35/F39)","v":8.1603460608192263E-2},{"$f":"(C35/F39)","v":9.4865986645835156E-3},{"$f":"(D35/F39)","v":1.7169365998145724E-3},{"$f":"(E35/F39)","v":7.6043999360329868E-3},{"$f":"(F35/F39)","v":0.10041139580862334}]
["Plant and machine operator",1117822,122241,25471,42660,1308193,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B36/F39)","v":6.7127050606062222E-2},{"$f":"(C36/F39)","v":7.3407732117775929E-3},{"$f":"(D36/F39)","v":1.5295754654918322E-3},{"$f":"(E36/F39)","v":2.5618032019897752E-3},{"$f":"(F36/F39)","v":7.8559142433675816E-2}]
["Elementary",3570409,416935,32322,74690,4094355,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B37/F39)","v":0.21440893597311561},{"$f":"(C37/F39)","v":2.5037632865016573E-2},{"$f":"(D37/F39)","v":1.9409892896088494E-3},{"$f":"(E37/F39)","v":4.4852574110786757E-3},{"$f":"(F37/F39)","v":0.24587275548717408}]
["Domestic worker",780865,60894,"—b",1237,843032,null,null,null,{"$f":"(B38/F39)","v":4.6892228254143131E-2},{"$f":"(C38/F39)","v":3.6567849081567128E-3},"—b",{"$f":"(E38/F39)","v":7.4283885627317203E-5},{"$f":"(F38/F39)","v":5.0625458907169345E-2}]
["Totala",12668009,1684516,552134,1747675,16652333]
["Source: Stats SA, email communication, 9 September 2024"]
["a   Figures should add up vertically and horizontally but may not, owing to rounding."]
["b   Sample size too small for reliable estimates."]

{"sheet":"Employment by occup,race % ","index":43,"n_rows":40,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":40,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[36,0,36,5],[37,0,37,5],[38,0,38,5],[39,0,39,5]]}
[]
["All employment by occupation, race and sex (proportions)a, 2024"]
[]
["Male","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totalb"]
["Manager",0.28899999999999998,5.6000000000000001E-2,7.4999999999999997E-2,0.21199999999999999,0.63300000000000001]
["Professional",0.248,4.2000000000000003E-2,4.2999999999999997E-2,0.16300000000000001,0.496]
["Technician",0.28599999999999998,5.1999999999999998E-2,1.7000000000000001E-2,7.9000000000000001E-2,0.434]
["Clerk",0.19900000000000001,4.4999999999999998E-2,1.6E-2,2.4E-2,0.28499999999999998]
["Sales and services",0.44,4.1000000000000002E-2,2.8000000000000001E-2,2.4E-2,0.53300000000000003]
["Skilled agriculture",0.67300000000000004,3.6999999999999998E-2,"—c",3.9E-2,{"$f":"SUM(B10:E10)","v":0.74900000000000011}]
["Craft and related trade",0.69899999999999995,7.9000000000000001E-2,1.6E-2,6.7000000000000004E-2,0.86199999999999999]
["Plant and machine operator",0.76,7.4999999999999997E-2,1.4999999999999999E-2,3.1E-2,0.88100000000000001]
["Elementary",0.496,6.6000000000000003E-2,7.0000000000000001E-3,1.4999999999999999E-2,0.58299999999999996]
["Domestic worker",3.7999999999999999E-2,5.0000000000000001E-3,"—c","—c",4.2999999999999997E-2]
["Female"]
["Manager",0.17599999999999999,3.5000000000000003E-2,2.9000000000000001E-2,0.126,0.36699999999999999]
["Professional",0.29099999999999998,4.1000000000000002E-2,2.1000000000000001E-2,0.15,0.504]
["Technician",0.36599999999999999,7.4999999999999997E-2,2.4E-2,0.10199999999999999,0.56599999999999995]
["Clerk",0.48199999999999998,9.5000000000000001E-2,3.3000000000000002E-2,0.105,0.71499999999999997]
["Sales and services",0.39200000000000002,4.8000000000000001E-2,5.0000000000000001E-3,2.1999999999999999E-2,0.46700000000000003]
["Skilled agriculture",0.251,"—c","—c","—c",0.251]
["Craft and related trade",0.113,1.6E-2,1E-3,8.0000000000000002E-3,0.13800000000000001]
["Plant and machine operator",9.5000000000000001E-2,1.9E-2,4.0000000000000001E-3,1E-3,0.11899999999999999]
["Elementary",0.376,3.5999999999999997E-2,1E-3,4.0000000000000001E-3,0.41699999999999998]
["Domestic worker",0.88800000000000001,6.8000000000000005E-2,"—c",2E-3,0.95699999999999996]
["Both sexes"]
["Manager",4.1052077254907296E-2,8.0000000000000002E-3,8.9999999999999993E-3,0.03,8.6999999999999994E-2]
["Professional",3.5999999999999997E-2,4.0000000000000001E-3,4.0000000000000001E-3,2.1000000000000001E-2,6.6000000000000003E-2]
["Technician",7.0000000000000007E-2,1.4E-2,4.0000000000000001E-3,1.9E-2,0.107]
["Clerk",7.0000000000000007E-2,1.4E-2,5.0000000000000001E-3,1.2999999999999999E-2,0.10199999999999999]
["Sales and services",0.129,1.4E-2,5.0000000000000001E-3,7.0000000000000001E-3,0.155]
["Skilled agriculture",6.0000000000000001E-3,0,"—c",0,6.0000000000000001E-3]
["Craft and related trade",8.2000000000000003E-2,8.9999999999999993E-3,2E-3,8.0000000000000002E-3,0.1]
["Plant and machine operator",6.7000000000000004E-2,7.0000000000000001E-3,2E-3,3.0000000000000001E-3,7.9000000000000001E-2]
["Elementary",0.214,2.5000000000000001E-2,2E-3,4.0000000000000001E-3,0.246]
["Domestic worker",4.7E-2,4.0000000000000001E-3,"—c",0,5.0999999999999997E-2]
["Source: CRA calculations based on Stats SA data"]
["a   The figures indicate the proportion of each occupational level filled by people of each sex and race. For example 28.9% of all managers are black men."]
["b   Figures should add up horizontally but may not, owing to rounding."]
["c   Sample size too small for reliable estimates."]

{"sheet":"Change in employment 2001vs2024","index":44,"n_rows":42,"n_cols":39,"rows_kept":42,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[39,0,39,5],[40,0,40,5],[41,0,41,5],[1,19,1,24]]}
[]
["Changea in all employment by occupation, race and sex, 2001-24",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"All employment by occupation, race and sex (actual numbers), 2001",null,null,null,null,null,null,2024]
[]
["Male","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Total",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Male","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala ",null,"Male","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala",null,"Male","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totala "]
["Manager",1.8753424657534246,1.7240666666666666,1.8721052631578947,-1.8328025477707007E-2,0.74035606060606063,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Manager",146000,30000,38000,314000,528000,null,"Manager",419800,81722,109140,308245,918908,null,"Manager",{"$f":"(AB5-U5)/U5","v":1.8753424657534246},{"$f":"(AC5-V5)/V5","v":1.7240666666666666},1.8721052631578947,-1.8328025477707007E-2,{"$f":"(AF5-Y5)/Y5","v":0.74035606060606063}]
["Professional",3.0238088235294116,2.327142857142857,2.9070833333333335,0.65033027522935782,1.7077722772277228,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Professional",68000,14000,12000,109000,202000,null,"Professional",273619,46580,46885,179886,546970,null,"Professional",{"$f":"(AB6-U6)/U6","v":3.0238088235294116},2.327142857142857,2.9070833333333335,0.65033027522935782,{"$f":"(AF6-Y6)/Y6","v":1.7077722772277228}]
["Technician",0.44186685552407934,0.51998360655737708,-0.17478378378378379,-0.36279090909090911,0.15114307004470939,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Technician",353000,61000,37000,220000,671000,null,"Technician",508979,92719,30533,140186,772417,null,"Technician",0.44186685552407934,0.51998360655737708,-0.17478378378378379,-0.36279090909090911,0.15114307004470939]
["Clerk",0.61130805687203793,0.79686046511627906,-0.25527777777777777,-0.45180263157894734,0.32711202185792349,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Clerk",211000,43000,36000,76000,366000,null,"Clerk",339986,77265,26810,41663,485723,null,"Clerk",0.61130805687203793,0.79686046511627906,-0.25527777777777777,-0.45180263157894734,0.32711202185792349]
["Sales and services",0.68803268945022289,0.42286486486486485,2.0215416666666668,-0.46841525423728814,0.54846231721034866,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Sales and services",673000,74000,24000,118000,889000,null,"Sales and services",1136046,105292,72517,62727,1376583,null,"Sales and services",0.68803268945022289,0.42286486486486485,2.0215416666666668,-0.46841525423728814,0.54846231721034866]
["Skilled agriculture",-0.59317241379310348,-0.74019999999999997,"—b","—b",-0.58303174603174601,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Skilled agriculture",174000,15000,"—b","—b",189000,null,"Skilled agriculture",70788,3897,"—b",4122,78807,null,"Skilled agriculture",-0.59317241379310348,-0.74019999999999997,"—b","—b",-0.58303174603174601]
["Craft and related trade",0.21548232848232848,-0.1620764331210191,-0.29499999999999998,-0.51793162393162395,3.6051042415528395E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Craft and related trade",962000,157000,39000,234000,1391000,null,"Craft and related trade",1169294,131554,27495,112804,1441147,null,"Craft and related trade",0.21548232848232848,-0.1620764331210191,-0.29499999999999998,-0.51793162393162395,3.6051042415528395E-2]
["Plant and machine operator",0.2503433962264151,0.221,-0.34013333333333334,-9.0800000000000006E-2,0.21179074658254468,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Plant and machine operator",795000,80000,30000,45000,951000,null,"Plant and machine operator",994023,97680,19796,40914,1152413,null,"Plant and machine operator",0.2503433962264151,0.221,-0.34013333333333334,-9.0800000000000006E-2,0.21179074658254468]
["Elementary",0.82125022421524663,7.4843999999999994E-2,0.16755999999999999,0.38518604651162791,0.66422090592334493,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Elementary",1115000,250000,25000,43000,1435000,null,"Elementary",2030694,268711,29189,59563,2388157,null,"Elementary",{"$f":"(AB13-U13)/U13","v":0.82125022421524663},7.4843999999999994E-2,0.16755999999999999,0.38518604651162791,{"$f":"(AF13-Y13)/Y13","v":0.66422090592334493}]
["Domestic worker",-0.24688372093023256,0.98199999999999998,"—b","—b",-0.1739090909090909,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Domestic worker",43000,2000,"—b","—b",44000,null,"Domestic worker",32384,3964,"—b","—b",36348,null,"Domestic worker",-0.24688372093023256,0.98199999999999998,"—b","—b",{"$f":"(AF14-Y14)/Y14","v":-0.1739090909090909}]
["Total",0.53647863436123344,0.25432413793103448,0.50358921161825732,-0.1802320966350302,0.37975892589258925,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Total",4540000,725000,241000,1159000,6666000,null,"Totala",{"$f":"SUM(AB5:AB14)","v":6975613},909385,362365,950111,9197473,null,"Total",{"$f":"(AB15-U15)/U15","v":0.53647863436123344},0.25432413793103448,{"$f":"(AD15-W15)/W15","v":0.50358921161825732},-0.1802320966350302,0.37975892589258925]
["Female",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Female",null,null,null,null,null,null,"Female",null,null,null,null,null,null,"Female"]
["Manager",5.3905000000000003,3.2819166666666666,7.3250000000000002,1.2921499999999999,2.8832043795620437,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Manager",40000,12000,5000,80000,137000,null,"Manager",255620,51383,41625,183372,531999,null,"Manager",{"$f":"(AB17-U17)/U17","v":5.3905000000000003},{"$f":"(AC17-V17)/V17","v":3.2819166666666666},7.3250000000000002,{"$f":"(AE17-X17)/X17","v":1.2921499999999999},2.8832043795620437]
["Professional",3.0127999999999999,3.1156363636363635,1.3434999999999999,0.99267469879518078,2.0334590163934427,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Professional",80000,11000,10000,83000,183000,null,"Professional",321024,45272,23435,165392,555123,null,"Professional",{"$f":"(AB18-U18)/U18","v":3.0127999999999999},3.1156363636363635,1.3434999999999999,{"$f":"(AE18-X18)/X18","v":0.99267469879518078},2.0334590163934427]
["Technician",0.57809927360774815,0.70191025641025639,1.4788235294117646,-0.13003846153846155,0.40725698324022347,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Technician",413000,78000,17000,208000,716000,null,"Technician",651755,132749,42140,180952,1007596,null,"Technician",0.57809927360774815,0.70191025641025639,1.4788235294117646,-0.13003846153846155,0.40725698324022347]
["Clerk",1.9972262773722629,0.28055905511811025,0.10496078431372549,-0.53556363636363635,0.45817224880382773,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Clerk",274000,127000,51000,385000,836000,null,"Clerk",821240,162631,56353,178808,1219032,null,"Clerk",1.9972262773722629,0.28055905511811025,0.10496078431372549,-0.53556363636363635,0.45817224880382773]
["Sales and services",0.45338880918220947,0.55138750000000003,-0.43554166666666666,-0.46665420560747661,0.33010792951541851,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Sales and services",697000,80000,24000,107000,908000,null,"Sales and services",1013012,124111,13547,57068,1207738,null,"Sales and services",0.45338880918220947,0.55138750000000003,-0.43554166666666666,-0.46665420560747661,0.33010792951541851]
["Skilled agriculture",1.7192307692307691E-2,"—b","—b","—b",-2.0481481481481482E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Skilled agriculture",26000,1000,"—b","—b",27000,null,"Skilled agriculture",26447,"—b","—b","—b",26447,null,"Skilled agriculture",1.7192307692307691E-2,"—b","—b","—b",-2.0481481481481482E-2]
["Craft and related trade",-0.30038745387453875,-0.11933333333333333,-0.90036363636363637,-0.52320689655172414,-0.32474561403508773,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Craft and related trade",271000,30000,11000,29000,342000,null,"Craft and related trade",189595,26420,1096,13827,230937,null,"Craft and related trade",-0.30038745387453875,-0.11933333333333333,-0.90036363636363637,-0.52320689655172414,-0.32474561403508773]
["Plant and machine operator",7.6513043478260864E-2,-0.29828571428571427,-0.52708333333333335,-0.65080000000000005,-6.7191616766467066E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Plant and machine operator",115000,35000,12000,5000,167000,null,"Plant and machine operator",123799,24560,5675,1746,155779,null,"Plant and machine operator",7.6513043478260864E-2,-0.29828571428571427,-0.52708333333333335,-0.65080000000000005,-6.7191616766467066E-2]
["Elementary",8.9677990092002835E-2,-6.777987421383648E-2,-0.75900000000000001,-5.45625E-2,6.5042446941323342E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Elementary",1413000,159000,13000,16000,1602000,null,"Elementary",1539715,148223,3133,15127,1706198,null,"Elementary",{"$f":"(AB25-U25)/U25","v":8.9677990092002835E-2},-6.777987421383648E-2,-0.75900000000000001,-5.45625E-2,6.5042446941323342E-2]
["Domestic worker",-7.7088779284833542E-2,-0.39436170212765959,"—b",-0.68174999999999997,-0.11353406593406594,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Domestic worker",811000,94000,1000,4000,910000,null,"Domestic worker",748481,56930,"—b",1273,806684,null,"Domestic worker",-7.7088779284833542E-2,-0.39436170212765959,"—b",-0.68174999999999997,-0.11353406593406594]
["Total",0.37456231884057972,0.23170813397129186,0.28967586206896551,-0.12929694323144106,0.27810777415479665,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Total",4140000,627000,145000,916000,5827000,null,"Totala",{"$f":"SUM(AB17:AB26)","v":5690688},772281,187003,797564,7447534,null,"Total",{"$f":"(AB27-U27)/U27","v":0.37456231884057972},{"$f":"(AC27-V27)/V27","v":0.23170813397129186},{"$f":"(AD27-W27)/W27","v":0.28967586206896551},{"$f":"(AE27-X27)/X27","v":-0.12929694323144106},{"$f":"(AF27-Y27)/Y27","v":0.27810777415479665}]
["Both sexes",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Both sexes",null,null,null,null,null,null,"Both sexes",null,null,null,null,null,null,"Both sexes"]
["Manager",2.6312903225806452,2.1691666666666665,2.5061627906976742,0.25093384223918574,1.1850993975903614,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Manager",186000,42000,43000,393000,664000,null,"Manager",675420,133105,150765,491617,1450906,null,"Manager",{"$f":"(AB29-U29)/U29","v":2.6312903225806452},{"$f":"(AC29-V29)/V29","v":2.1691666666666665},2.5061627906976742,0.25093384223918574,1.1850993975903614]
["Professional",3.0178716216216217,2.8271666666666668,2.3485714285714288,0.80773821989528793,1.8625792207792209,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Professional",148000,24000,21000,191000,385000,null,"Professional",594645,91852,70320,345278,1102093,null,"Professional",{"$f":"(AB30-U30)/U30","v":3.0178716216216217},{"$f":"(AC30-V30)/V30","v":2.8271666666666668},{"$f":"(AD30-W30)/W30","v":2.3485714285714288},{"$f":"(AE30-X30)/X30","v":0.80773821989528793},{"$f":"(AF30-Y30)/Y30","v":1.8625792207792209}]
["Technician",0.51531853785900783,0.62207194244604314,0.34579629629629632,-0.24967757009345795,0.2833547224224946,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Technician",766000,139000,54000,428000,1387000,null,"Technician",1160734,225468,72673,321138,1780013,null,"Technician",0.51531853785900783,0.62207194244604314,0.34579629629629632,-0.24967757009345795,0.2833547224224946]
["Clerk",1.3942783505154639,0.41115294117647061,-4.4103448275862066E-2,-0.52071521739130433,0.41826622296173044,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Clerk",485000,170000,87000,460000,1202000,null,"Clerk",1161225,239896,83163,220471,1704756,null,"Clerk",1.3942783505154639,0.41115294117647061,-4.4103448275862066E-2,-0.52071521739130433,0.41826622296173044]
["Sales and services",0.56865547445255471,0.48962987012987014,0.83114893617021279,-0.46757777777777776,0.43893095768374163,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Sales and services",1370000,154000,47000,225000,1796000,null,"Sales and services",2149058,229403,86064,119795,2584320,null,"Sales and services",0.56865547445255471,0.48962987012987014,0.83114893617021279,-0.46757777777777776,0.43893095768374163]
["Skilled agriculture",-0.51382499999999998,-0.74019999999999997,"—b","—b",-0.510446511627907,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Skilled agriculture",200000,15000,"—b","—b",215000,null,"Skilled agriculture",97235,3897,"—b",4122,105254,null,"Skilled agriculture",-0.51382499999999998,-0.74019999999999997,"—b","—b",-0.510446511627907]
["Craft and related trade",0.10209894566098945,-0.1552192513368984,-0.42818000000000001,-0.51851330798479089,-3.5707035755478664E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Craft and related trade",1233000,187000,50000,263000,1734000,null,"Craft and related trade",1358888,157974,28591,126631,1672084,null,"Craft and related trade",0.10209894566098945,-0.1552192513368984,-0.42818000000000001,-0.51851330798479089,-3.5707035755478664E-2]
["Plant and machine operator",0.22837582417582417,6.2965217391304354E-2,-0.40765116279069769,-0.14680000000000001,0.17011896243291591,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Plant and machine operator",910000,115000,43000,50000,1118000,null,"Plant and machine operator",1117822,122241,25471,42660,1308193,null,"Plant and machine operator",0.22837582417582417,6.2965217391304354E-2,-0.40765116279069769,-0.14680000000000001,0.17011896243291591]
["Elementary",0.41234533227848102,1.6914634146341465E-2,-0.17123076923076924,0.24483333333333332,0.34860177865612646,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Elementary",2528000,410000,39000,60000,3036000,null,"Elementary",3570409,416935,32322,74690,4094355,null,"Elementary",0.41234533227848102,1.6914634146341465E-2,-0.17123076923076924,0.24483333333333332,0.34860177865612646]
["Domestic worker",-8.5638173302107726E-2,-0.3656875,"—b",-0.69074999999999998,-0.11631865828092243,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Domestic worker",854000,96000,1000,4000,954000,null,"Domestic worker",780865,60894,"—b",1237,843032,null,"Domestic worker",-8.5638173302107726E-2,-0.3656875,"—b",-0.69074999999999998,-0.11631865828092243]
["Total",0.4594480414746544,0.24594378698224853,0.43039896373056996,-0.15774698795180722,0.33282639667040181,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Total",8680000,1352000,386000,2075000,12494000,null,"Totala",12668009,1684516,552134,1747675,16652333,null,"Total",{"$f":"(AB39-U39)/U39","v":0.4594480414746544},0.24594378698224853,0.43039896373056996,-0.15774698795180722,0.33282639667040181]
["Source: CRA calculations based on Stats SA data"]
["a   The figures in this table are based on the preceding pair of tables."]
["b   Sample size too small for reliable estimates."]

{"sheet":"Segments of working population","index":45,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Informal sector employm. 08-24","index":46,"n_rows":22,"n_cols":10,"rows_kept":22,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[20,0,20,9],[21,0,21,9],[1,0,1,9],[3,0,3,9],[16,0,16,9],[17,0,17,9],[18,0,18,9],[19,0,19,9]]}
[]
["Informal sector (excluding agriculture and private households)"]
[]
["Informal sector employment (non-agricultural)a by industry, 2009-24"]
[]
["Industry",2009,2011,2013,2015,2019,2022,2023,2024,"Change\n2009-24"]
["Mining",2000,1000,2000,5000,5000,15000,12000,19000,{"$f":"(I7-B7)/B7","v":8.5}]
["Manufacturing",207000,222000,220000,237000,226000,202000,187000,225000,{"$f":"(I8-B8)/B8","v":8.6956521739130432E-2}]
["Utilities",4000,4000,1000,8000,4000,9000,9000,5000,0.25]
["Construction",284000,314000,354000,454000,497000,452000,496000,461000,0.62323943661971826]
["Trade",989000,1006000,1058000,1067000,1272000,1175000,1157000,1192000,0.20525783619817997]
["Transport",196000,210000,219000,259000,303000,298000,310000,383000,0.95408163265306123]
["Finance",117000,155000,151000,212000,247000,327000,309000,322000,1.7521367521367521]
["Community and social services",310000,301000,354000,419000,492000,482000,547000,521000,0.6806451612903226]
["Other","—b",1000,1000,"—b",1000,5000,2000,1000,"—"]
["Totalc",{"$f":"SUM(B7:B15)","v":2109000},2213000,2360000,2661000,3048000,2965000,3029000,{"$f":"SUM(I7:I15)","v":3129000},{"$f":"(H16-B16)/B16","v":0.43622569938359412}]
["Source: Stats SA, Quarterly Labour Force Survey Historical revisions of the QLFS 2009 to 2023, Statistical release P0211.5, 11 February 2014, p49; QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024"]
["a   According to Stats SA, the informal sector has the following two components:"]
["1   Employees working in establishments that employ fewer than five employees and who do not deduct income tax from their salaries/wages; and"]
["2   Employers, own account workers, and persons helping unpaid in their household business who are not registered for either income tax or value-added tax."]
["b   The sample size is too small for reliable estimates."]
["c   Apart from the last column, figures should add up vertically but may not, owing to rounding."]

{"sheet":"BC Change informal sector empl ","index":47,"n_rows":12,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":12,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5]]}
[]
["Change in Informal sector employment (non-agricultural) by industry, 2009-24"]
[]
["Mining",{"$f":"'Informal sector employm. 08-24'!J7","v":8.5}]
["Manufacturing",{"$f":"'Informal sector employm. 08-24'!J8","v":8.6956521739130432E-2}]
["Utilities",{"$f":"'Informal sector employm. 08-24'!J9","v":0.25}]
["Construction",{"$f":"'Informal sector employm. 08-24'!J10","v":0.62323943661971826}]
["Trade",{"$f":"'Informal sector employm. 08-24'!J11","v":0.20525783619817997}]
["Transport",{"$f":"'Informal sector employm. 08-24'!J12","v":0.95408163265306123}]
["Finance",{"$f":"'Informal sector employm. 08-24'!J13","v":1.7521367521367521}]
["Community and social services",{"$f":"'Informal sector employm. 08-24'!J14","v":0.6806451612903226}]
["Total",{"$f":"'Informal sector employm. 08-24'!J16","v":0.43622569938359412}]

{"sheet":"Agriculture, private h.h 01-24","index":48,"n_rows":34,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":34,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[33,0,33,5],[1,0,1,5],[3,0,3,5],[5,1,5,2],[5,3,5,4],[5,5,6,5],[32,0,32,5]]}
[]
["Agriculture and private households"]
[]
["Employment in agriculture and private households, 2001-24"]
[]
[null,"—Agriculture—",null,"—Private households—",null,"Households per domestic workera"]
["Year","Number","Year-on-year change","Number","Year-on-year change"]
[2001,969000,"–",1188000,"–",9.7309511784511784]
[2002,1153000,0.19,1266000,6.6000000000000003E-2,9.131413902053712]
[2003,808000,-0.29899999999999999,1215000,-0.04,9.7609851851851843]
[2004,828000,2.5000000000000001E-2,1125000,-7.3999999999999996E-2,10.793587555555556]
[2005,778000,-0.06,1226000,0.09,10.126771615008156]
[2006,886000,0.13900000000000001,1288000,5.0999999999999997E-2,9.8423695652173908]
[2007,703000,-0.20699999999999999,1251000,-2.9000000000000001E-2,10.335243005595524]
[2008,820000,0.16600000000000001,1255000,3.0000000000000001E-3,10.495221513944223]
[2009,752000,-8.3000000000000004E-2,1286000,2.5000000000000001E-2,10.456454121306376]
[2010,655000,-0.129,1251000,-2.7E-2,11.040767386091128]
[2011,626000,-4.3999999999999997E-2,1216000,-2.8000000000000001E-2,11.763157894736842]
[2012,674000,7.6999999999999999E-2,1255000,3.2000000000000001E-2,11.514050199203187]
[2013,742000,0.10100000000000001,1215000,-3.2000000000000001E-2,12.041975308641975]
[2014,670000,-9.7000000000000003E-2,1290000,6.2E-2,12.094573643410852]
[2015,869000,{"$f":"(B22-B21)/B21","v":0.29701492537313434},1292000,{"$f":"(D22-D21)/D21","v":1.5503875968992248E-3},12.478328173374614]
[2016,825000,-5.0632911392405063E-2,1296000,3.0959752321981426E-3,12.856481481481481]
[2017,835000,1.2121212121212121E-2,1311000,1.1574074074074073E-2,12.4]
[2018,843000,9.5808383233532933E-3,1296000,-1.1441647597254004E-2,12.9]
[2019,842000,-1.1862396204033216E-3,1251000,-3.4722222222222224E-2,13.7]
[2020,799000,-5.1068883610451303E-2,1005000,-0.19664268585131894,17.3]
[2021,862000,7.8848560700876091E-2,1005000,0,17.899999999999999]
[2022,874000,1.3921113689095127E-2,1124000,0.11840796019900497,16.399999999999999]
[2023,894000,2.2883295194508008E-2,1093000,-2.7580071174377226E-2,17.38]
[2024,896000,2.2371364653243847E-3,1160000,6.1299176578225069E-2,"—"]
["2001-24",{"$f":"(B30-B8)/B8","v":-7.7399380804953566E-2},"—",{"$f":"(D30-D8)/D8","v":-7.9966329966329963E-2},"—","—"]
["Source: Stats SA, Quarterly Labour Force Survey Historical revisions of the QLFS 2008 to 2023, Statistical release P0211.5, 11 February 2014; p49; QLFS Trends 2008-2023Q2, accessed 4 October 2023; General Household Survey 2019, Statistical release P0318, 15 December 2020, p3; QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024"]
["a CRA calculations. "]

{"sheet":"Public sector employment","index":49,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Government sector employ. 91-24","index":50,"n_rows":48,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":48,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[46,0,46,6],[42,0,42,6],[47,0,47,6],[1,0,1,6],[45,0,45,5],[3,0,3,6],[43,0,43,6],[44,0,44,6]]}
[]
["Public sector employment"]
[]
["Government sector employment, 1991-2024"]
[" "]
["Yeara","National\ndepartmentsb","Provincial\n administrationsc","Local\ngovernmentsd","Other government\ninstitutionse","Total","As a proportion of total formal employment "]
[1991,554463,427259,232319,107457,1321498,0.25225969865085202]
[1992,542423,448118,230616,109176,1330333,0.25954567074981338]
[1993,530298,464006,224907,105726,1324937,0.26485629613341394]
[1994,535460,697364,240175,99707,1572706,0.30051559619739443]
[1995,337223,761117,246801,105697,1450838,0.28231835912492165]
[1996,359680,860837,247515,114689,1582721,0.30212832810162771]
[1997,351398,868528,254132,109797,1583855,0.30687222271197967]
[1998,345689,877680,243790,99737,1566896,0.31475132693463886]
[1999,339802,864790,223516,95824,1523932,0.3118956240974271]
[2000,326858,822195,221152,92400,1462605,0.30857329118050081]
[2001,324867,800098,220899,90408,1436272,0.30822954374356726]
[2002,325151,802237,222866,91142,1441396,0.31024350976051518]
[2003,338867,795246,207949,85994,1428056,0.22540964781755035]
[2004,350617,807508,203052,92370,1453547,0.22391149566194171]
[2005,380011,839295,202553,78912,1500771,0.21203580773032954]
[2006,383903,866559,199503,124056,1574021,0.19530332783000548]
[2007,396292,892192,208625,125513,1622622,0.19576976070228103]
[2008,407585,943634,216946,132294,1700459,0.20109106209387614]
[2009,412995,993491,235484,139122,1781092,0.21776733135457732]
[2010,418337,1018072,243576,136525,1816509,0.2192682018865301]
[2011,431907,1066670,255377,149588,1903542,0.22118803298632697]
[2012,451279,1086937,257500,147645,1943360,0.21861756920922901]
[2013,452164,1093170,273040,155461,1973835,0.21907503980639872]
[2014,455891,1118748,310366,345391,2230396,0.23813334893559412]
[2015,473701,1085872,313059,188210,2060843,0.221761865997636]
[2016,482091,1071815,323734,201581,2079220,0.21582680791879127]
[2017,475142,1035957,319923,206864,2037886,0.20799999999999999]
[2018,466801,1037790,325614,218300,2048505,0.20399999999999999]
[2019,463774,1060147,341671,243646,2109238,0.20699999999999999]
[2020,457420,1072827,338386,208531,2077164,0.215]
[2021,449891,1126201,337477,221063,2134632,0.216]
[2022,453633,1202096,341132,219982,2216843,0.223]
[2023,449324,1285242,344809,222960,2302335,0.22800000000000001]
[2024,458721,1173292,344880,316535,2293428,{"$f":"F40/10715584","v":0.21402734559310999}]
["1991-2024",{"$f":"(B40-B7)/B7","v":-0.17267518301491713},1.7460907786611868,0.48451052216994733,{"$f":"(E40-E7)/E7","v":1.9456899038685243},0.73547595229050666,{"$f":"(G40-G7)/G7","v":-0.15155949706678562}]
["2023-24",{"$f":"(B40-B39)/B39","v":2.0913639155709467E-2},{"$f":"(C40-C39)/C39","v":-8.7104218505153111E-2},2.0591109860821499E-4,0.41969411553641911,{"$f":"(F40-F39)/F39","v":-3.868681143274111E-3},-6.1283571960043956E-2]
["Source: Stats SA, South African Statistics 2010-12; Quarterly employment statistics (QES) Details Breakdown, Statistical release P0277, June 2024, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a   The information on the governments and local governments of the former TBVC states was included in the public sector from the first quarter of1995. The total employment in these states for June 1994 was approximately 12% of the total employment of the public sector. The information on all the universities of the former TBVC states is included in the public sector from the first quarter of 1996. The total employment for universities in these states for March 1996 was approximately 11% of the total employment of the universities."]
["b   National departments do not include Transnet Ltd, SA Post Office Ltd or Telkom SA Ltd. Particulars relating to elected office-bearers and part-time members of commissions are excluded."]
["c   Particulars of elected office bearers are not included."]
["d   Local governments include city councils, municipalities, town councils and health committees. Local governments of the former TBVC states are included as from the second quarter of 1994."]
["e   Contains data regarding parastatals, universities, and technikons."]

{"sheet":"Characteristics of employed","index":51,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Employment by age group 2009-24","index":52,"n_rows":16,"n_cols":20,"rows_kept":16,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[14,0,14,7],[15,0,15,7],[1,0,1,7],[3,0,3,7],[5,0,6,0],[5,1,5,2],[5,5,5,6],[5,3,5,4],[13,0,13,5]]}
[]
["Characteristics of the employed"]
[]
["Employment by age group, 2009 and 2024"]
[]
["Age group","—Number employed—",null,"—Numbera in age group—",null,"—Absorption rateb —"]
[null,2009,2024,2009,2024,2009,2024,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,19,4975309]
["15-24",1463000,1089000,9825000,10262000,0.14899999999999999,0.106,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,24,5309738,{"$f":"SUM(S7:S8)","v":10285047}]
["25-34",4691000,4630000,8629000,10600000,0.54400000000000004,0.437,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,29,5733239]
["35- 44",4199000,5169000,6420000,9138000,0.65400000000000003,0.56599999999999995,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,34,5592823,{"$f":"SUM(S9:S10)","v":11326062}]
["45-54",2838000,4065000,4555000,6884000,0.623,0.59,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,39,5222603]
["55- 64",1166000,1701000,2855000,4411000,0.40899999999999997,0.38600000000000001,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,44,4185220,{"$f":"SUM(S11:S12)","v":9407823}]
["Total",14357000,16652000,32285000,41296000,0.44500000000000001,0.40300000000000002,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,49,3293511]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,54,2769139,{"$f":"SUM(S13:S14)","v":6062650}]
["a Total population between the ages of 15 and 64, broken down by age.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,59,2496452]
["b The absorption rate shows the proportion in the age group that is employed.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,64,2095667,{"$f":"SUM(S15:S16)","v":4592119}]

{"sheet":"Employed by level of ed.9.24","index":53,"n_rows":15,"n_cols":26,"rows_kept":15,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[14,21,14,25],[14,0,14,6],[1,0,1,6],[3,0,4,0],[3,1,3,2],[3,5,3,6],[13,0,13,16],[3,3,3,4]]}
[]
["Employment by highest level of education, 2009 and 2024"]
[]
["Level of education","— Number\nemployed —",null,"— Proportiona\nof total —",null,"— Absorption ratea by highest level of education —"]
[null,2009,2024,2009,2024,2009,2024,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"How to calculate Absorption rate by highest level of education"]
["No schooling",515000,180000,3.5871003691579001E-2,{"$f":"C6/C13","v":1.0809512370886379E-2},0.33682145192936558,0.24965325936199723,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Empl","Unempl","NEA","Total","LAR"]
["Less than primary completed",1357000,643000,9.45183534164519E-2,{"$f":"C7/C13","v":3.8613980302666349E-2},0.3698555464704279,0.29134571816946081,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,180000,56000,485000,{"$f":"SUM(V7:X7)","v":721000},{"$f":"(V7/Y7)","v":0.24965325936199723}]
["Primary completed",756000,470000,5.2657240370550952E-2,{"$f":"C8/C13","v":2.8224837857314437E-2},0.37076998528690536,0.30779305828421744,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,643000,382000,1182000,{"$f":"SUM(V8:X8)","v":2207000},{"$f":"(V8/Y8)","v":0.29134571816946081}]
["Secondary not completed",4773000,5100000,0.33245106916486733,{"$f":"C9/C13","v":0.30626951717511408},0.34546902142443542,0.30090270812437314,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,470000,253000,804000,1527000,0.30779305828421744]
["Secondary completed",4148000,6066000,0.28891829769450444,{"$f":"C10/C13","v":0.36428056689887101},0.53772361939331081,0.43848489229434728,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,5100000,3441000,8408000,16949000,0.30090270812437314]
["Tertiary",2673000,3954000,0.18618095702444801,{"$f":"C11/C13","v":0.23744895508047081},0.8222085512150108,0.71462136273269472,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,6066000,3387000,4381000,13834000,0.43848489229434728]
["Other",136000,239000,9.4727310719509641E-3,{"$f":"C12/C13","v":1.4352630314676916E-2},0.51127819548872178,0.45523809523809522,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,3954000,817000,762000,5533000,0.71462136273269472]
["Total",14357000,{"$f":"SUM(C6:C12)","v":16652000},1,{"$f":"C13/C13","v":1},0.44469567910794489,0.40323518016272764,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,239000,49000,237000,525000,0.45523809523809522]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 August 2024",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,16652000,8384000,16260000,41296000,0.40323518016272764]
[" a CRA calculations. The proportion column refers to the proportion of the total number of people employed who are in each level of education category. The absorption rate refers to the proportion of people in each category who are employed. For example, 1.1% of all employed people have no schooling and 25% of all people with no schooling are employed."]

{"sheet":"Employm. by contract9.24","index":54,"n_rows":25,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":25,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[17,0,17,5],[1,0,1,6],[3,5,3,6],[3,1,3,2],[3,3,3,4]]}
[]
["Employment by nature of contract/agreement, 2009-24"]
[]
[null," — 2009 —",null," — 2023 —",null," — 2024 —"]
[null,"Number","Proportion","Number","Proportion","Number","Proportion"]
["Male",6611000,0.5586917941350461,7456000,{"$f":"D6/D14","v":0.5459871118922085},7509000,{"$f":"F6/F14","v":0.53947841080537395}]
["Limited duration",731000,6.1776388067269504E-2,1059000,{"$f":"D7/D14","v":7.7548330404217922E-2},1005000,{"$f":"F7/F14","v":7.2203462892449166E-2}]
["Permanent nature",4378000,0.36998225302121185,4545000,{"$f":"D8/D14","v":0.33282073813708263},4526000,{"$f":"F8/F14","v":0.32516703786191536}]
["Unspecified duration",1502000,0.12693315304656469,1852000,{"$f":"D9/D14","v":0.13561804335090802},1979000,{"$f":"F9/F14","v":0.14217975429269344}]
["Female",5222000,0.44130820586495395,6199000,{"$f":"D10/D14","v":0.45393966022261278},6410000,{"$f":"F10/F14","v":0.46052158919462605}]
["Limited duration",610000,5.1550747908391786E-2,1104000,{"$f":"D11/D14","v":8.0843585237258347E-2},1043000,{"$f":"F11/F14","v":7.4933544076442274E-2}]
["Permanent nature",3253000,0.2749091523704893,3591000,{"$f":"D12/D14","v":0.26296133567662566},3832000,{"$f":"F12/F14","v":0.27530713413319924}]
["Unspecified duration",1359000,0.11484830558607284,1504000,{"$f":"D13/D14","v":0.11013473930872876},1534000,{"$f":"F13/F14","v":0.11020906674330053}]
["Both sexes",11833000,1,13656000,{"$f":"D14/D14","v":1},13919000,{"$f":"F14/F14","v":1}]
["Limited duration",1341000,0.11332713597566128,2163000,{"$f":"D15/D14","v":0.15839191564147628},2048000,{"$f":"F15/F14","v":0.14713700696889145}]
["Permanent nature",7631000,0.6448914053917012,8136000,{"$f":"D16/D14","v":0.59578207381370829},8358000,{"$f":"F16/F14","v":0.60047417199511455}]
["Unspecified duration",2861000,0.24178145863263753,3357000,{"$f":"D17/D14","v":0.24582601054481545},3513000,{"$f":"F17/F14","v":0.25238882103599397}]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2023Q2, accessed 18 August 2024"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null," "]

{"sheet":" Employment equity (EE)","index":55,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"EE by occupational level 01-23","index":56,"n_rows":17,"n_cols":9,"rows_kept":17,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[14,0,14,8],[16,0,16,8],[1,0,1,8],[3,0,3,8],[5,1,5,2],[5,3,5,4],[5,5,5,6],[5,7,5,8]]}
[]
["Employment equity"]
[]
["Employment equity: occupational level by race and sexa, 2001 and 2023"]
[]
[null,"—Top\n management—",null,"—Senior\n management—",null,"—Professionally\n qualified—",null,"—Technically\n skilled—"]
["Race",2001,2023,2001,2023,2001,2023,2001,2023]
["Black",0.06,0.17199999999999999,0.09,0.27600000000000002,0.33,0.49399999999999999,0.57999999999999996,0.66800000000000004]
["Coloured",0.03,6.0999999999999999E-2,0.05,8.5000000000000006E-2,0.06,0.1,0.18,0.114]
["Indian/Asian",0.04,0.11600000000000001,0.05,0.124,0.05,9.1999999999999998E-2,6.6000000000000003E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2]
["White",0.87,0.621,0.81,0.48499999999999999,0.56000000000000005,0.29199999999999998,0.18,0.152]
["Sex"]
["Male",0.87,0.73099999999999998,0.8,0.623,0.62,0.51900000000000002,0.6,0.501]
["Female",0.13,0.26900000000000002,0.2,0.377,0.38,0.48099999999999998,0.4,0.499]
["Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2023-2024, 31 March 2023 pp17-33"]
[]
["a Data on foreign nationals is not included.    "]

{"sheet":"EE top management by industry","index":57,"n_rows":29,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":29,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[3,1,3,6],[1,0,1,6],[26,0,26,5],[27,0,27,6]]}
[]
["Employment equity: top management employment by race, sex and industry, 2024"]
[]
[]
["Male","Black","Coloured","Indian/ Asian","White","Foreign nationals","Totala"]
["Agriculture",5.3999999999999999E-2,2.8000000000000001E-2,8.9999999999999993E-3,0.70199999999999996,6.0000000000000001E-3,{"$f":"SUM(B6:F6)","v":0.79899999999999993}]
["Mining and quarrying",0.22600000000000001,2.7E-2,0.03,0.47099999999999997,3.7999999999999999E-2,{"$f":"SUM(B7:F7)","v":0.79200000000000004}]
["Manufacturing",0.06,3.5999999999999997E-2,0.10199999999999999,0.55200000000000005,3.6999999999999998E-2,{"$f":"SUM(B8:F8)","v":0.78700000000000003}]
["Electricity, gas and water",8.3000000000000004E-2,4.2000000000000003E-2,0.20799999999999999,0.33300000000000002,0,0.66599999999999993]
["Construction",0.155,5.8999999999999997E-2,6.0999999999999999E-2,0.51,1.9E-2,0.80400000000000005]
["Retail and motor trade/repair services",5.1999999999999998E-2,0.03,0.127,0.52900000000000003,1.4E-2,0.752]
["Wholesale and retail trade/repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles ",5.1999999999999998E-2,0.03,0.127,0.52900000000000003,1.4E-2,0.752]
["Transport/storage/communications",0.107,3.5999999999999997E-2,0.12,0.442,2.5000000000000001E-2,0.73000000000000009]
["Finance/business services",0.106,2.9000000000000001E-2,8.2000000000000003E-2,0.44700000000000001,3.4000000000000002E-2,0.69800000000000006]
["Community/social/personal servicesb",0.13800000000000001,0,6.9000000000000006E-2,0.27600000000000002,3.4000000000000002E-2,0.51700000000000002]
["Female"]
["Agriculture",2.8000000000000001E-2,0.02,4.0000000000000001E-3,0.14599999999999999,2E-3,0.2]
["Mining and quarrying",9.7000000000000003E-2,1.2999999999999999E-2,2.1000000000000001E-2,7.2999999999999995E-2,4.0000000000000001E-3,0.20800000000000002]
["Manufacturing",4.2000000000000003E-2,2.1000000000000001E-2,4.1000000000000002E-2,0.104,6.0000000000000001E-3,0.21400000000000002]
["Electricity, gas and water",8.3000000000000004E-2,4.2000000000000003E-2,8.3000000000000004E-2,0.125,0,0.33300000000000002]
["Construction",7.0000000000000007E-2,3.2000000000000001E-2,2.9000000000000001E-2,6.3E-2,3.0000000000000001E-3,0.19700000000000001]
["Wholesale and retail trade/repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles ",2.9000000000000001E-2,1.7999999999999999E-2,4.3999999999999997E-2,0.152,5.0000000000000001E-3,0.248]
["Catering/accommodation/other trade",6.5000000000000002E-2,3.2000000000000001E-2,2.5000000000000001E-2,0.22500000000000001,5.0000000000000001E-3,0.35199999999999998]
["Transport/storage/communications",6.7000000000000004E-2,2.3E-2,0.06,0.115,4.0000000000000001E-3,0.26900000000000002]
["Finance/business services",8.2000000000000003E-2,2.8000000000000001E-2,4.2999999999999997E-2,0.14099999999999999,8.9999999999999993E-3,0.30299999999999999]
["Community/social/personal servicesb",0.10299999999999999,3.4000000000000002E-2,3.4000000000000002E-2,0.31,0,0.48099999999999998]
["Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2023-24, June 2024,  pp20-21"]
["a The male and female proportion in each category add up to 100%. Black males thus account for 5.4% of all top managers in agriculture, Black females for 2.8% and so on."]
["b Including government."]

{"sheet":"Employment in management","index":58,"n_rows":32,"n_cols":17,"rows_kept":32,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[31,0,31,6],[1,0,1,6],[3,2,3,3],[3,4,3,5],[29,1,29,5],[30,0,30,6]]}
[]
["Employment in management by race and sex, 2000-23"]
[]
[null,null,"—Top managers—",null,"—Senior managers—"]
[null,"Yeara","Blackb","Female","Blackb","Female"]
[null,2000,0.127,0.124,0.185,0.21,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Black","White","Foreign \nnational","Female","Male"]
[null,2001,0.251,0.11899999999999999,0.191,0.17699999999999999,null,null,null,null,null,null,0.34699999999999998,0.621,0.03,0.26900000000000002,0.73099999999999998]
[null,2002,0.184,0.13800000000000001,0.222,0.216]
[null,2003,0.23799999999999999,0.14099999999999999,0.27300000000000002,0.223]
[null,2004,0.21099999999999999,0.151,0.25700000000000001,0.23699999999999999]
[null,2005,0.27200000000000002,0.16500000000000001,0.27500000000000002,0.23599999999999999]
[null,2006,0.222,0.216,0.26900000000000002,0.27400000000000002]
[null,2007,0.28799999999999998,0.17799999999999999,0.32400000000000001,0.249]
[null,2008,0.24199999999999999,0.17799999999999999,0.32500000000000001,0.27800000000000002]
[null,2009,0.32200000000000001,0.18,0.35499999999999998,0.26700000000000002]
[null,2010,0.33500000000000002,0.18,0.36399999999999999,0.27400000000000002]
[null,2011,0.247,0.191,0.34399999999999997,0.29499999999999998]
[null,2012,0.32,0.19500000000000001,0.39400000000000002,0.27]
[null,2013,0.33300000000000002,0.20200000000000001,0.40100000000000002,0.29399999999999998]
[null,2014,0.26600000000000001,0.20399999999999999,0.376,0.314]
[null,2015,0.27600000000000002,0.214,0.38800000000000001,0.32400000000000001]
[null,2016,0.28199999999999997,0.22,0.40400000000000003,0.33300000000000002]
[null,2017,0.28799999999999998,0.22900000000000001,0.40699999999999997,0.38800000000000001]
[null,2018,0.30099999999999999,0.23499999999999999,0.42099999999999999,0.34499999999999997]
[null,2019,0.311,0.24399999999999999,0.42899999999999999,0.35299999999999998]
[null,2020,0.32100000000000001,0.249,0.443,0.35699999999999998]
[null,2021,0.33800000000000002,0.25800000000000001,0.45600000000000002,0.36399999999999999]
[null,2022,0.34200000000000003,0.26500000000000001,0.46899999999999997,0.372]
[null,2023,0.34699999999999998,0.26900000000000002,0.48499999999999999,0.377]
[null,"Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2021–2022, 31 March 2022,  pp23-24, pp27-28, Annual Report 2022-2023, 31 March 2023, pp37-38, p43, Annual Report 2023-2024, 26 June 2024, pp17-18, pp23"]
["a   Employers with more than 150 employees previously had to submit reports to the Commission for Employment Equity every year, whereas those with between 50 and 149 employees had to submit reports only every other year. It is for this reason that the figures in the above table fluctuate slightly. Even years (2000, 2002, etc.) were those in which all employers with 50 or more employees had to submit reports, and odd years (2001, 2003, etc.) were those in which only employers with 150 or more employees had to submit reports. In general, the figures are higher in odd years, suggesting that larger companies tend to employ slightly higher proportions of black and female managers. Since the commencement of the amended Act in August 2014, all employers, both large and small, are required to report annually. Employees with disabilities are included.  "]
["b   Black people in the context of this table include African (black), Coloured, and Indian, but data does not include foreign nationals."]

{"sheet":"All government.","index":59,"n_rows":33,"n_cols":27,"rows_kept":33,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[30,0,30,4],[17,15,17,23],[1,0,1,4],[27,0,27,4],[28,0,28,4],[29,0,29,4]]}
[]
["National government, 2024"]
[]
["Race","Proportion of top managersa","Proportion of economically active population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.76700000000000002,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"African",0.434,0.36599999999999999,{"$f":"SUM(Q5:R5)","v":0.8}]
["Coloured",6.9000000000000006E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Coloured",4.9000000000000002E-2,4.3999999999999997E-2,{"$f":"SUM(Q6:R6)","v":9.2999999999999999E-2}]
["Indian/Asian",7.0999999999999994E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Indian",1.7000000000000001E-2,0.01,2.7000000000000003E-2]
["White",0.09,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"White",4.4999999999999998E-2,3.5000000000000003E-2,0.08]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"SUM(S5:S8)","v":1}]
["Race","Proportion \nof senior managersa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"EAP \n35-64",null,"EAP \n25-64"]
["Black",0.73199999999999998,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Black",11414495,{"$f":"Q11/Q16","v":0.45592039321688255},18051918,{"$f":"(S11/S16)","v":0.72103387428694132},null,3409000,{"$f":"(V11/V16)","v":0.13616306463635514}]
["Coloured",6.6000000000000003E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Coloured",1225440,{"$f":"Q12/Q16","v":4.894680725373278E-2},1860019,{"$f":"(S12/S16)","v":7.4293308102625008E-2},null,395000,{"$f":"(V12/V16)","v":1.5777181147362946E-2}]
["Indian/Asian",7.8E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Indian/Asian",410950,{"$f":"Q13/Q16","v":1.6414259727870386E-2},604383,{"$f":"(S13/S16)","v":2.4140405249080149E-2},null,283000,{"$f":"(V13/V16)","v":1.1303651303047377E-2}]
["White",0.123,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"White",1271396,{"$f":"Q14/Q16","v":5.0782392410209265E-2},1742066,{"$f":"(S14/S16)","v":6.9582002158637912E-2},null,1439000,{"$f":"(V14/V16)","v":5.7476870053304506E-2}]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Total",14321280,{"$f":"Q15/Q16","v":0.57202387043571146},22256385,{"$f":"(S15/S16)","v":0.88896966539354805},null,5525000,{"$f":"(V15/V16)","v":0.22068082490931715}]
["Race","Proportion of\nprofessionalsa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Total EAP",25036158,null,25036158,null,null,25036158]
["Black",0.70599999999999996,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",8.5000000000000006E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",4.3999999999999997E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.16400000000000001,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2024]
["Race"," Proportion\n of skilled technicala","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"15-24 years",2257920,328322,36542,156988,2779772,null,null,null,null,"B","C","I","W","T"]
["Black",0.77800000000000002,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"25-34 years",6637423,634579,193433,470670,7935105,null,null,null,2023]
["Coloured",0.10199999999999999,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"35- 44 years",6045847,542093,201075,461752,7250767,null,null,null,"15-24 years",2238001.6975489501,333444.60596091481,63896.562089933475,150290.3126331704,2785633.1782329688]
["Indian/Asian",2.5000000000000001E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"45-54 years",4032309,489870,145335,459726,5127240,null,null,null,"25-34 years",6451086.870447089,624384.57557156449,175869.76006678105,433619.70975117711,7684960.9158366108]
["White",9.5000000000000001E-2,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"55- 64 years",1336339,193477,64540,349918,1943273,null,null,null,"35- 44 years",5847384.4056939967,562951.1816679904,191294.37787780195,464146.0260579476,7065775.9912977368]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Totala",20299837,2197341,640924,1898055,25036158,null,null,null,"45-54 years",3824802.8015471725,511500.70811613131,141706.0645418342,463417.37616281642,4941426.9503679546]
["Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2023-2024, 26 June 2024, pp22-37; Stats SA, General Household Survey 2023, Statistical release P0318, 23 May 2024, Appendix D, p87",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"35-64",{"$f":"SUM(N24:N26)","v":11414495},{"$f":"SUM(O24:O26)","v":1225440},{"$f":"SUM(P24:P26)","v":410950},{"$f":"SUM(Q24:Q26)","v":1271396},{"$f":"SUM(R24:R26)","v":14321280},null,null,null,"55- 64 years",1192340.0880438203,177935.25999125701,53143.928565428228,366350.42865780176,1789769.7052583073]
["a   Foreign nationals are excluded, so the total in this column does not add up to 100%.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"25-64",{"$f":"SUM(N23:N26)","v":18051918},{"$f":"SUM(O23:O26)","v":1860019},604383,{"$f":"SUM(Q23:Q26)","v":1742066},{"$f":"SUM(R23:R26)","v":22256385},null,null,null,"Totala",19553615.86328103,2210216.3313078582,625910.69314177893,1877823.8532629134,24267566.740993578]
["b  CRA calculations.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"35-64",{"$f":"SUM(W26:W28)","v":10864527.29528499},{"$f":"SUM(X26:X28)","v":1252387.1497753786},386144.37098506442,1293913.8308785658,13796972.646923998]
["c  Refers to a degree/diploma/certificate with grade 12. 2023 figures. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"SUM(N27/R27)","v":0.8108207736985843},{"$f":"SUM(O27/R27)","v":8.7766701264626948E-2},{"$f":"SUM(P27/R27)","v":2.5599934303018858E-2},{"$f":"SUM(Q27/R27)","v":7.5812550791539188E-2},null,null,null,null,"25-64",{"$f":"SUM(W25:W28)","v":17315614.165732078},{"$f":"SUM(X25:X28)","v":1876771.7253469434},562014.13105184538,1727533.5406297431,21481933.562760606]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"(W29/AA29)","v":0.8057509873971177},{"$f":"(X29/AA29)","v":9.1076965189686179E-2},{"$f":"(Y29/AA29)","v":2.5792066416138452E-2},{"$f":"(Z29/AA29)","v":7.7379980997057743E-2}]

{"sheet":"Provincial government","index":60,"n_rows":31,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":31,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,4],[27,0,27,4],[28,0,28,4],[29,0,29,4],[30,0,30,4]]}
[]
["Provincial government, 2024"]
[]
["Race","Proportion of\ntop managersa","Proportion of economically active population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.78700000000000003,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",9.9000000000000005E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",5.7000000000000002E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",5.0999999999999997E-2,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221]
["Race","Proportion of\nsenior managersa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.79600000000000004,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",8.4000000000000005E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",4.1000000000000002E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",7.4999999999999997E-2,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221]
["Race","Proportion of\nprofessionalsa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.76900000000000002,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",0.09,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",4.4999999999999998E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",9.1999999999999998E-2,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221]
["Race"," Proportion of\nskilled technicala","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.85399999999999998,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",6.0999999999999999E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",1.4E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",6.7000000000000004E-2,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221]
["Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2023-2024, 26 June 2024, pp22-37; Stats SA, General Household Survey 2023, Statistical release P0318, 23 May 2024, Appendix D, p88"]
["a    Foreign nationals are excluded, so the total in this column does not add up to 100%."]
["b    CRA calculations."]
["c    Refers to a degree/diploma/certificate with grade 12. 2023 figures. "]

{"sheet":"Local government","index":61,"n_rows":31,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":31,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,4],[27,0,27,4],[28,0,28,4],[29,0,29,4],[30,0,30,4]]}
[]
["Local government, 2024"]
[]
["Race","Proportion of\ntop managersa","Proportion of economically active population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.72399999999999998,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",0.13800000000000001,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",3.7999999999999999E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.10100000000000001,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221]
["Race","Proportion of\nsenior managersa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.76400000000000001,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",6.8000000000000005E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",5.6000000000000001E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.11,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221]
["Race","Proportion of\nprofessionalsa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.66800000000000004,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",0.14799999999999999,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",3.5000000000000003E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.14199999999999999,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221]
["Race"," Proportion of\nskilled technicala","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.7,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",0.16900000000000001,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",4.2999999999999997E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",8.6999999999999994E-2,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221]
["Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2023-2024, 26 June 2024, pp22-37; Stats SA, General Household Survey 2023, Statistical release P0318, 23 May 2024, Appendix D, p89"]
["a    Foreign nationals are excluded, so the total in this column does not add up to 100%."]
["b    CRA calculations."]
["c    Refers to a degree/diploma/certificate with grade 12. 2023 figures. "]

{"sheet":"State owned enterprises","index":62,"n_rows":31,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":31,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,4],[27,0,27,4],[28,0,28,4],[29,0,29,4],[30,0,30,4]]}
[]
["State-owned enterprises, 2024"]
[]
["Race","Proportion of\ntop managersa","Proportion of economically active population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.66100000000000003,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",7.9000000000000001E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",9.1999999999999998E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.156,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221]
["Race","Proportion of\nsenior managersa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.66300000000000003,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",6.6000000000000003E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",0.09,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.16,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221]
["Race","Proportion of\nprofessionalsa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.68700000000000006,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",7.0000000000000007E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",7.0000000000000007E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.156,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221]
["Race"," Proportion of\nskilled technicala","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.80800000000000005,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",7.0999999999999994E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",0.03,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",8.7999999999999995E-2,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221]
["Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2023-2024, 26 June 2024, pp22-37; Stats SA, General Household Survey 2023, Statistical release P0318, 23 May 2024, Appendix D, p91"]
["a    Foreign nationals are excluded, so the total in this column does not add up to 100%."]
["b    CRA calculations."]
["c    Refers to a degree/diploma/certificate with grade 12. 2023 figures. "]

{"sheet":"Private sector","index":63,"n_rows":31,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":31,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,4],[27,0,27,4],[28,0,28,4],[29,0,29,4],[30,0,30,4]]}
[]
["Private sector, 2024"]
[]
["Race","Proportion of\ntop managersa","Proportion of economically active population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.14000000000000001,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",5.8999999999999997E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",0.12,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.65100000000000002,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221]
["Race","Proportion of\nsenior managersa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.21,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",8.6999999999999994E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",0.13400000000000001,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.53700000000000003,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221]
["Race","Proportion of\nprofessionalsa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.35399999999999998,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",0.113,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",0.11600000000000001,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.38900000000000001,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221]
["Race"," Proportion of\nskilled technicala","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.58099999999999996,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",0.13400000000000001,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",6.7000000000000004E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.19700000000000001,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221]
["Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2023-2024, 26 June 2024, pp22-37; Stats SA, General Household Survey 2023, Statistical release P0318, 23 May 2024, Appendix D, p90"]
["a    Foreign nationals are excluded, so the total in this column does not add up to 100%."]
["b    CRA calculations."]
["c    Refers to a degree/diploma/certificate with grade 12. 2023 figures. "]

{"sheet":"Non profit organisations","index":64,"n_rows":31,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":31,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,4],[27,0,27,4],[28,0,28,4],[29,0,29,4],[30,0,30,4]]}
[]
["Non-profit organisations, 2024"]
[]
["Race","Proportion of\ntop managersa","Proportion of economically active population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.40300000000000002,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",0.09,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",7.5999999999999998E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.375,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221]
["Race","Proportion of\nsenior managersa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.505,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",9.2999999999999999E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",6.0999999999999999E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.309,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221]
["Race","Proportion of\nprofessionalsa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.59099999999999997,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",0.12,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",4.5999999999999999E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.215,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221]
["Race"," Proportion of\nskilled technicala","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.66800000000000004,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001]
["Coloured",0.19,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2]
["Indian/Asian",2.1000000000000001E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2]
["White",0.11600000000000001,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221]
["Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2023-2024, 26 June 2024, pp22-37; Stats SA, General Household Survey 2023, Statistical release P0318, 23 May 2024, Appendix D, p92"]
["a    Foreign nationals are excluded, so the total in this column does not add up to 100%."]
["b    CRA calculations."]
["c    Refers to a degree/diploma/certificate with grade 12. 2023 figures. "]

{"sheet":"All employers","index":65,"n_rows":31,"n_cols":17,"rows_kept":31,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,4],[27,0,27,4],[28,0,28,4],[29,0,29,4],[30,0,30,4]]}
[]
["All employers, 2024"]
[]
["Race","Proportion of\ntop managersa","Proportion of economically active population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb "]
["Black",0.17199999999999999,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0.105,6.7000000000000004E-2,{"$f":"SUM(O5:P5)","v":0.17199999999999999}]
["Coloured",6.0999999999999999E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,3.5999999999999997E-2,2.5000000000000001E-2,{"$f":"SUM(O6:P6)","v":6.0999999999999999E-2}]
["Indian/Asian",0.11600000000000001,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,7.6999999999999999E-2,3.9E-2,0.11599999999999999]
["White",0.621,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0.48899999999999999,0.13200000000000001,0.621]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"SUM(Q5:Q8)","v":0.97}]
["Race","Proportion of\nsenior managersa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 35-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0]
["Black",0.27600000000000002,0.81100000000000005,0.45600000000000002,0.13600000000000001,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0.16300000000000001,0.114,0.27700000000000002]
["Coloured",8.5000000000000006E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,1.6E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,4.9000000000000002E-2,3.5999999999999997E-2,8.4999999999999992E-2]
["Indian/Asian",0.124,2.5999999999999999E-2,4.5999999999999999E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,7.5999999999999998E-2,4.8000000000000001E-2,0.124]
["White",0.48499999999999999,7.5999999999999998E-2,5.0999999999999997E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0.314,0.17199999999999999,0.48599999999999999]
["Total",1,1,0.56853547758530298,0.221,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0]
["Race","Proportion of\nprofessionalsa","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0]
["Black",0.49399999999999999,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0.24099999999999999,0.253,0.49399999999999999]
["Coloured",0.1,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0.05,0.05,0.1]
["Indian/Asian",9.1999999999999998E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,4.8000000000000001E-2,4.3999999999999997E-2,9.1999999999999998E-2]
["White",0.29199999999999998,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0.16400000000000001,0.128,0.29200000000000004]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0]
["Race"," Proportion of\nskilled technicala","Proportion of economically\nactive population (EAP)b","EAP 25-64 as a proportion\nof national EAPb","Over 20s with post-school qualificationc as a proportion of national EAPb ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0]
["Black",0.66800000000000004,0.81100000000000005,0.72099999999999997,0.13600000000000001,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0.33200000000000002,0.33600000000000002,0.66800000000000004]
["Coloured",0.114,8.7999999999999995E-2,7.3999999999999996E-2,1.6E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,5.6000000000000001E-2,5.8000000000000003E-2,0.114]
["Indian/Asian",5.0999999999999997E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,2.4E-2,1.0999999999999999E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2.5000000000000001E-2,2.5999999999999999E-2,5.1000000000000004E-2]
["White",0.152,7.5999999999999998E-2,7.0000000000000007E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,7.6999999999999999E-2,7.4999999999999997E-2,0.152]
["Total",1,1,0.88521168158456576,0.221,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,0]
["Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2023-2024, 26 June 2024, pp22-37; Stats SA, General Household Survey 2023, Statistical release P0318, 23 May 2024, Appendix D, p90"]
["a   Foreign nationals are excluded, so the total in this column does not add up to 100%."]
["b   CRA calculations."]
["c   Refers to a degree/diploma/certificate with grade 12. 2023 figures. "]

{"sheet":"EE employed with disabilities","index":66,"n_rows":22,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":22,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,1,1,4],[20,1,20,4],[21,1,21,4]]}
[]
[null,"Employment equity: proportion of permanently employed, with disabilitiesa, 2003-23"]
[]
[null,null,"Year","Proportion"]
[null,null,2003,1.2999999999999999E-2]
[null,null,2005,1.7999999999999999E-2]
[null,null,2007,5.0000000000000001E-3]
[null,null,2009,8.9999999999999993E-3]
[null,null,2011,8.0000000000000002E-3]
[null,null,2013,8.9999999999999993E-3]
[null,null,2014,1.2E-2]
[null,null,2015,1.2E-2]
[null,null,2016,8.0000000000000002E-3]
[null,null,2017,0.01]
[null,null,2018,0.01]
[null,null,2019,1.0999999999999999E-2]
[null,null,2020,1.0999999999999999E-2]
[null,null,2021,1.2999999999999999E-2]
[null,null,2022,1.2E-2]
[null,null,2023,1.2E-2]
[null,"Source: Commission for Employment Equity, Annual Report 2023-2024, 26 June 2024, p47"]
[null,"a   The Employment Equity Act of 1998 defines a person with a disability as someone who has ‘a long-term or recurring physical or mental impairment which substantially limits their prospects of entry into, or advancement in, employmentʼ. The Government set a target for people with disabilities to account for 2% of the employed workforce."]

{"sheet":"UNEMPLOYMENT.","index":67,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Unemployment ","index":68,"n_rows":9,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":9,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
[]
["UNEMPLOYMENT"]
[]
["Stats SA defines the unemployed as follows:"]
["● They had not worked during the survey reference week of the Quarterly Labour Force Survey."]
["● They had actively looked for work or tried to start a business in the four weeks prior to the reference week of the survey."]
["● They were available for work during the reference week of the survey."]
["● They had not actively looked for work in the four weeks prior to the survey, but were starting a job or business at a definite date in the future."]
["Stats SA includes an expanded definition of unemployment in the Quarterly Labour Force Survey. It measures anybody without a job who wanted to work and was available to take up employment during the reference period, regardless of whether they actively looked for a job in the four weeks prior to the reference week."]

{"sheet":"Unemployment trends 94-24","index":69,"n_rows":40,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":40,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,1,1,5],[3,1,3,5],[5,2,5,3],[5,4,5,5],[39,1,39,5]]}
[]
[null,"Statistics"]
[]
[null,"Unemployment trends, 1994-2024"]
[]
[null,null,"—Official definition—",null,"—Expanded definition—"]
[null,"Year","Number","Rate","Number","Rate"]
[null,1994,1988000,0.2,3672000,0.315]
[null,1995,1644000,0.16900000000000001,3321000,0.29199999999999998]
[null,1996,2019000,0.21,4197000,0.35599999999999998]
[null,1997,2238000,0.22900000000000001,4551000,0.376]
[null,1998,3163000,0.252,5634000,0.375]
[null,1999,3158000,0.23300000000000001,5882000,0.36199999999999999]
[null,2000,4333000,0.26700000000000002,6553000,0.35499999999999998]
[null,2001,4081000,0.246,6609000,0.34599999999999997]
[null,2002,4603000,0.27700000000000002,7490000,0.38400000000000001]
[null,2003,4843000,0.29299999999999998,7968000,0.40600000000000003]
[null,2004,4231000,0.26400000000000001,7871000,0.4]
[null,2005,3993000,0.24199999999999999,7673000,0.38]
[null,2006,3984000,0.23100000000000001,7474000,0.36099999999999999]
[null,2007,4119000,0.23599999999999999,7504000,0.36]
[null,2008,4267000,0.22600000000000001,6109000,0.29499999999999998]
[null,2009,4341000,0.23200000000000001,6678000,0.317]
[null,2010,4622000,0.251,7509000,0.35199999999999998]
[null,2011,4782000,0.25600000000000001,7921000,0.36299999999999999]
[null,2012,4721000,0.248,7922000,0.35599999999999998]
[null,2013,4972000,0.253,8289000,0.36099999999999999]
[null,2014,5154000,0.255,8332000,0.35599999999999998]
[null,2015,5230000,0.25,8378000,0.34899999999999998]
[null,2016,5634000,0.26600000000000001,8880000,0.36399999999999999]
[null,2017,6177000,0.27700000000000002,9304000,0.36599999999999999]
[null,2018,6083000,0.27200000000000002,9634000,0.372]
[null,2019,6655000,0.28999999999999998,10226000,0.38500000000000001]
[null,2020,4295000,0.23300000000000001,10259000,0.42]
[null,2021,7826000,0.34399999999999997,11923000,0.44400000000000001]
[null,2022,7994000,0.33900000000000002,12282000,0.441]
[null,2023,7921000,0.32600000000000001,11872000,0.42099999999999999]
[null,2024,8384000,0.33500000000000002,12383000,0.42599999999999999]
[null,"1994-2024",{"$f":"(C38-C8)/C8","v":3.2173038229376258},"—",{"$f":"(E38-E8)/E8","v":2.3722766884531592},"—"]
[null,"Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024; Socio-Economic Survey of South Africa 2023, p264"]

{"sheet":"Unempl.official definition94-24","index":70,"n_rows":39,"n_cols":13,"rows_kept":39,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[36,0,36,5],[37,0,37,5],[38,0,38,5]]}
[]
["Unemployment numbers by race (official definition), 1994-2024"]
[]
["Yeara","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totalb"]
[1994,1637000,260000,48000,42000,1988000,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Total"]
[1995,1336000,229000,41000,38000,1644000,null,null,null,null,null,1994,1.988]
[1996,1714000,191000,58000,57000,2019000,null,null,null,null,null,1995,1.6439999999999999]
[1997,1895000,229000,52000,62000,2238000,null,null,null,null,null,1996,2.0190000000000001]
[1998,2793000,220000,59000,89000,3163000,null,null,null,null,null,1997,2.238]
[1999,2751000,232000,72000,99000,3158000,null,null,null,null,null,1998,3.1629999999999998]
[2000,3748000,339000,98000,148000,4333000,null,null,null,null,null,1999,3.1579999999999999]
[2001,3447000,395000,70000,170000,4081000,null,null,null,null,null,2000,4.3330000000000002]
[2002,3886000,468000,85000,165000,4603000,null,null,null,null,null,2001,4.0810000000000004]
[2003,4136000,439000,95000,173000,4843000,null,null,null,null,null,2002,4.6029999999999998]
[2004,3681000,357000,77000,116000,4231000,null,null,null,null,null,2003,4.843]
[2005,3437000,364000,37000,125000,3993000,null,null,null,null,null,2004,4.2309999999999999]
[2006,3439000,372000,46000,127000,3984000,null,null,null,null,null,2005,3.9929999999999999]
[2007,3565000,407000,52000,95000,4119000,null,null,null,null,null,2006,3.984]
[2008,3719000,378000,66000,104000,4267000,null,null,null,null,null,2007,4.1189999999999998]
[2009,3796000,383000,58000,104000,4341000,null,null,null,null,null,2008,4.2670000000000003]
[2010,3977000,447000,54000,144000,4622000,null,null,null,null,null,2009,4.3410000000000002]
[2011,4169000,442000,61000,109000,4782000,null,null,null,null,null,2010,4.6219999999999999]
[2012,4067000,482000,50000,123000,4721000,null,null,null,null,null,2011,4.782]
[2013,4246000,521000,76000,128000,4972000,null,null,null,null,null,2012,4.7210000000000001]
[2014,4375000,543000,67000,170000,5154000,null,null,null,null,null,2013,4.9720000000000004]
[2015,4488000,522000,75000,145000,5230000,null,null,null,null,null,2014,5.1539999999999999]
[2016,4946000,485000,67000,136000,5634000,null,null,null,null,null,2015,5.2229999999999999]
[2017,5479000,503000,80000,115000,6177000,null,null,null,null,null,2016,5.6340000000000003]
[2018,5337000,520000,63000,162000,6083000,null,null,null,null,null,2017,6.1769999999999996]
[2019,5951000,489000,67000,148000,6655000,null,null,null,null,null,2018,6.0830000000000002]
[2020,3770000,332000,82000,111000,4295000,null,null,null,null,null,2019,6.6550000000000002]
[2021,6976000,565000,118000,167000,7826000,null,null,null,null,null,2020,4.3]
[2022,7159000,577000,99000,159000,7994000,null,null,null,null,null,2021,7.8]
[2023,7195000,483000,104000,139000,7921000,null,null,null,null,null,2022,8]
[2024,7632000,513000,89000,150000,8384000,null,null,null,null,null,2023,7.9]
["1994-2024",{"$f":"(B35-B5)/B5","v":3.6621869273060477},{"$f":"(C35-C5)/C5","v":0.97307692307692306},{"$f":"(D35-D5)/D5","v":0.85416666666666663},2.5714285714285716,{"$f":"(F35-F5)/F5","v":3.2173038229376258},null,null,null,null,null,2024,8.3800000000000008]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024; Socio-Economic Survey of South Africa 2023, p265"]
["a From 1994 to1999, figures are based on October Household Surveys. For 2000, figures are from February 2000 LFS. From 2001 to 2007, data is based on revised LFS March series. For 2008 to 2013, figures are based on revised QLFS series. The figures for 2001 to 2024 are strictly comparable."]
["b Figures should add up horizontally, but may not owing to rounding, and owing to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable."]

{"sheet":"Unemploy.expand definit.94-24","index":71,"n_rows":38,"n_cols":12,"rows_kept":38,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[36,0,36,5],[37,0,37,5]]}
[]
["Unemployment numbers by race (expanded definition)a, 1994-2024"]
[]
["Year","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Total"]
[1994,3216000,339000,62000,55000,3672000,null,null,null,null,1994,3.6720000000000002]
[1995,2879000,344000,51000,48000,3321000,null,null,null,null,1995,3.3210000000000002]
[1996,3703000,328000,83000,83000,4197000,null,null,null,null,1996,4.1970000000000001]
[1997,4028000,358000,71000,94000,4551000,null,null,null,null,1997,4.5510000000000002]
[1998,5048000,367000,83000,133000,5634000,null,null,null,null,1998,5.6340000000000003]
[1999,5235000,397000,99000,146000,5882000,null,null,null,null,1999,5.8819999999999997]
[2000,5686000,489000,148000,229000,6553000,null,null,null,null,2000,6.5529999999999999]
[2001,5683000,584000,99000,243000,6609000,null,null,null,null,2001,6.609]
[2002,6514000,627000,116000,233000,7490000,null,null,null,null,2002,7.49]
[2003,7029000,588000,113000,238000,7968000,null,null,null,null,2003,7.968]
[2004,7041000,543000,102000,186000,7871000,null,null,null,null,2004,7.8710000000000004]
[2005,6791000,565000,113000,204000,7673000,null,null,null,null,2005,7.673]
[2006,6537000,617000,108000,213000,7474000,null,null,null,null,2006,7.4740000000000002]
[2007,6600000,647000,88000,170000,7504000,null,null,null,null,2007,7.5039999999999996]
[2008,5448000,450000,77000,134000,6109000,null,null,null,null,2008,6.109]
[2009,6001000,459000,85000,133000,6678000,null,null,null,null,2009,6.6779999999999999]
[2010,6673000,567000,72000,197000,7509000,null,null,null,null,2010,7.5090000000000003]
[2011,7076000,600000,87000,158000,7921000,null,null,null,null,2011,7.9210000000000003]
[2012,7082000,602000,71000,166000,7922000,null,null,null,null,2012,7.9219999999999997]
[2013,7369000,646000,102000,172000,8289000,null,null,null,null,2013,8.2889999999999997]
[2014,7349000,668000,104000,211000,8332000,null,null,null,null,2014,8.3320000000000007]
[2015,7440000,648000,117000,174000,8378000,null,null,null,null,2015,8.3780000000000001]
[2016,7971000,626000,100000,182000,8880000,null,null,null,null,2016,8.8800000000000008]
[2017,8311000,699000,130000,164000,9304000,null,null,null,null,2017,9.3040000000000003]
[2018,8624000,658000,107000,245000,9634000,null,null,null,null,2018,9.6340000000000003]
[2019,9233000,695000,97000,201000,10226000,null,null,null,null,2019,10.226000000000001]
[2020,9104000,700000,173000,282000,10259000,null,null,null,null,2020,10.3]
[2021,10714000,820000,165000,224000,11923000,null,null,null,null,2021,11.9]
[2022,11018000,875000,186000,203000,12282000,null,null,null,null,2022,12.3]
[2023,10799000,735000,162000,177000,11872000,null,null,null,null,2023,11.87]
[2024,11247000,793000,155000,188000,12383000,null,null,null,null,2024,12.4]
["1994-2024",{"$f":"(B35-B5)/B5","v":2.4972014925373136},{"$f":"(C35-C5)/C5","v":1.3392330383480826},1.5,{"$f":"(E35-E5)/E5","v":2.418181818181818},{"$f":"(F35-F5)/F5","v":2.3722766884531592}]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024; Socio-Economic Survey of South Africa 2023, p266"]
["a   Stats SA’s   expanded definition of unemployment measures anybody without a job who wanted to work and was available to take up employment during the reference period, but who was not actively seeking work — that is, a ‘discouraged’ workseeker for reasons cited at the beginning of this chapter."]

{"sheet":"Unem rate.official defin.94-24","index":72,"n_rows":39,"n_cols":13,"rows_kept":39,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,1,1,6],[35,1,35,6],[36,1,36,6],[38,1,38,6]]}
[]
[null,"Unemployment ratea by race (official definition), 1994-2024"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Totalb"]
[null,"Year","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Total",null,null,null,null,1994,0.2]
[null,1994,0.247,0.17599999999999999,0.10199999999999999,0.03,0.2,null,null,null,null,1995,0.16900000000000001]
[null,1995,0.20699999999999999,0.16500000000000001,8.3000000000000004E-2,2.8000000000000001E-2,0.16900000000000001,null,null,null,null,1996,0.21]
[null,1996,0.27400000000000002,0.13100000000000001,0.121,0.04,0.21,null,null,null,null,1997,0.22900000000000001]
[null,1997,0.29299999999999998,0.16,0.10199999999999999,4.5999999999999999E-2,0.22900000000000001,null,null,null,null,1998,0.252]
[null,1998,0.32,0.158,0.14699999999999999,4.3999999999999997E-2,0.252,null,null,null,null,1999,0.23300000000000001]
[null,1999,0.29199999999999998,0.152,0.156,4.7E-2,0.23300000000000001,null,null,null,null,2000,0.26700000000000002]
[null,2000,0.316,0.20399999999999999,0.19900000000000001,6.8000000000000005E-2,0.26700000000000002,null,null,null,null,2001,0.246]
[null,2001,0.28399999999999997,0.22600000000000001,0.153,7.5999999999999998E-2,0.246,null,null,null,null,2002,0.27700000000000002]
[null,2002,0.32300000000000001,0.25600000000000001,0.189,7.2999999999999995E-2,0.27700000000000002,null,null,null,null,2003,0.29299999999999998]
[null,2003,0.34599999999999997,0.23799999999999999,0.193,7.8E-2,0.29299999999999998,null,null,null,null,2004,0.26400000000000001]
[null,2004,0.317,0.19800000000000001,0.16500000000000001,5.3999999999999999E-2,0.26400000000000001,null,null,null,null,2005,0.24199999999999999]
[null,2005,0.28599999999999998,0.2,0.14000000000000001,5.7000000000000002E-2,0.24199999999999999,null,null,null,null,2006,0.23100000000000001]
[null,2006,0.27100000000000002,0.20200000000000001,9.4E-2,5.8000000000000003E-2,0.23100000000000001,null,null,null,null,2007,0.23599999999999999]
[null,2007,0.27600000000000002,0.214,0.109,4.3999999999999997E-2,0.23599999999999999,null,null,null,null,2008,0.22600000000000001]
[null,2008,0.26400000000000001,0.19500000000000001,0.121,4.4999999999999998E-2,0.22600000000000001,null,null,null,null,2009,0.23200000000000001]
[null,2009,0.27300000000000002,0.19400000000000001,0.109,4.5999999999999999E-2,0.23200000000000001,null,null,null,null,2010,0.251]
[null,2010,0.29099999999999998,0.22600000000000001,9.7000000000000003E-2,6.5000000000000002E-2,0.251,null,null,null,null,2011,0.25600000000000001]
[null,2011,0.29699999999999999,0.23100000000000001,0.109,0.05,0.25600000000000001,null,null,null,null,2012,0.248]
[null,2012,0.28299999999999997,0.24,9.2999999999999999E-2,5.7000000000000002E-2,0.248,null,null,null,null,2013,0.253]
[null,2013,0.28599999999999998,0.253,0.129,0.06,0.253,null,null,null,null,2014,0.255]
[null,2014,0.28299999999999997,0.253,0.121,8.1000000000000003E-2,0.255,null,null,null,null,2015,0.25]
[null,2015,0.27900000000000003,0.24399999999999999,0.13400000000000001,7.0000000000000007E-2,0.25,null,null,null,null,2016,0.26600000000000001]
[null,2016,0.30099999999999999,0.23200000000000001,0.11700000000000001,6.6000000000000003E-2,0.26600000000000001,null,null,null,null,2017,0.27700000000000002]
[null,2017,0.313,0.23599999999999999,0.13300000000000001,5.7000000000000002E-2,0.27700000000000002,null,null,null,null,2018,0.27200000000000002]
[null,2018,0.30499999999999999,0.23300000000000001,0.104,0.08,0.27200000000000002,null,null,null,null,2019,0.28999999999999998]
[null,2019,0.32700000000000001,0.22500000000000001,0.112,7.3999999999999996E-2,0.28999999999999998,null,null,null,null,2020,0.23300000000000001]
[null,2020,0.26300000000000001,0.19,0.14399999999999999,6.0999999999999999E-2,0.23300000000000001,null,null,null,null,2021,0.34399999999999997]
[null,2021,0.38200000000000001,0.28499999999999998,0.19500000000000001,8.5999999999999993E-2,0.34399999999999997,null,null,null,null,2022,0.33900000000000002]
[null,2022,0.378,0.27400000000000002,0.155,8.5999999999999993E-2,0.33900000000000002,null,null,null,null,2023,0.32600000000000001]
[null,2023,0.36799999999999999,0.219,0.16600000000000001,7.3999999999999996E-2,0.32600000000000001,null,null,null,null,2024,0.33500000000000002]
[null,2024,0.376,0.23300000000000001,0.13900000000000001,7.9000000000000001E-2,0.33500000000000002]
[null,"Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024; Socio-Economic Survey of South Africa 2023, p267"]
[null,"a   From 1994 to 1999, the figures are based on October Household Surveys. For 2000, the figures are from the February 2000 LFS. From 2001 to 2007, the figures are based on the revised LFS March series. For 2008 to 2013, the figures are based on revised QLFS series. The figures for 2001 to 2024 is strictly comparable."]
[]
[null,"TABLE AND GRAPH BOTH HAVE TO BE INCLUDED."]

{"sheet":"Unem rate.expand defin.94-24","index":73,"n_rows":41,"n_cols":11,"rows_kept":41,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[2,1,2,6],[36,1,36,6],[37,1,37,6],[38,1,38,6],[40,1,40,6]]}
[]
[]
[null,"Unemployment ratea by race (expanded definition)b, 1994-2024"]
[]
[null,"Year","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Total",null,null,null,"Total"]
[null,1994,0.39200000000000002,0.217,0.129,3.9E-2,0.315,null,null,1994,0.315]
[null,1995,0.36,0.22900000000000001,0.10100000000000001,3.4000000000000002E-2,0.29199999999999998,null,null,1995,0.29199999999999998]
[null,1996,0.45,0.20599999999999999,0.16600000000000001,5.7000000000000002E-2,0.35599999999999998,null,null,1996,0.35599999999999998]
[null,1997,0.46800000000000003,0.23,0.13500000000000001,6.7000000000000004E-2,0.376,null,null,1997,0.376]
[null,1998,0.46,0.23799999999999999,0.19400000000000001,6.4000000000000001E-2,0.375,null,null,1998,0.375]
[null,1999,0.44,0.23599999999999999,0.20200000000000001,6.8000000000000005E-2,0.36199999999999999,null,null,1999,0.36199999999999999]
[null,2000,0.41199999999999998,0.27100000000000002,0.27300000000000002,0.10100000000000001,0.35499999999999998,null,null,2000,0.35499999999999998]
[null,2001,0.39600000000000002,0.30199999999999999,0.20399999999999999,0.105,0.34599999999999997,null,null,2001,0.34599999999999997]
[null,2002,0.44400000000000001,0.315,0.24,0.1,0.38400000000000001,null,null,2002,0.38400000000000001]
[null,2003,0.47399999999999998,0.29399999999999998,0.221,0.104,0.40600000000000003,null,null,2003,0.40600000000000003]
[null,2004,0.47,0.27300000000000002,0.20699999999999999,8.3000000000000004E-2,0.4,null,null,2004,0.4]
[null,2005,0.442,0.28000000000000003,0.214,0.09,0.38,null,null,2005,0.38]
[null,2006,0.41399999999999998,0.29599999999999999,0.19600000000000001,9.4E-2,0.36099999999999999,null,null,2006,0.36099999999999999]
[null,2007,0.41299999999999998,0.30199999999999999,0.17,7.6999999999999999E-2,0.36,null,null,2007,0.36]
[null,2008,0.34499999999999997,0.224,0.13900000000000001,5.8000000000000003E-2,0.29499999999999998,null,null,2008,0.29499999999999998]
[null,2009,0.372,0.224,0.153,5.8000000000000003E-2,0.317,null,null,2009,0.317]
[null,2010,0.40799999999999997,0.27,0.126,8.5999999999999993E-2,0.35199999999999998,null,null,2010,0.35199999999999998]
[null,2011,0.41799999999999998,0.28999999999999998,0.14799999999999999,7.0999999999999994E-2,0.36299999999999999,null,null,2011,0.36299999999999999]
[null,2012,0.40799999999999997,0.28299999999999997,0.129,7.4999999999999997E-2,0.35599999999999998,null,null,2012,0.35599999999999998]
[null,2013,0.41,0.29499999999999998,0.16500000000000001,7.9000000000000001E-2,0.36099999999999999,null,null,2013,0.36099999999999999]
[null,2014,0.39900000000000002,0.29399999999999998,0.17699999999999999,9.8000000000000004E-2,0.35599999999999998,null,null,2014,0.35599999999999998]
[null,2015,0.39,0.28599999999999998,0.193,8.3000000000000004E-2,0.34899999999999998,null,null,2015,0.34899999999999998]
[null,2016,0.40899999999999997,0.28000000000000003,0.16600000000000001,8.5999999999999993E-2,0.36399999999999999,null,null,2016,0.36399999999999999]
[null,2017,0.40899999999999997,0.3,0.19800000000000001,7.9000000000000001E-2,0.36599999999999999,null,null,2017,0.36599999999999999]
[null,2018,0.41499999999999998,0.27700000000000002,0.16400000000000001,0.11700000000000001,0.372,null,null,2018,0.372]
[null,2019,0.43,0.29199999999999998,0.155,9.8000000000000004E-2,0.38500000000000001,null,null,2019,0.38500000000000001]
[null,2020,0.46300000000000002,0.33100000000000002,0.26200000000000001,0.14299999999999999,0.42,null,null,2020,0.42]
[null,2021,0.48699999999999999,0.36699999999999999,0.252,0.112,0.44400000000000001,null,null,2021,0.44400000000000001]
[null,2022,0.48299999999999998,0.36399999999999999,0.255,0.107,0.441,null,null,2022,0.441]
[null,2023,0.46600000000000003,0.29899999999999999,0.23599999999999999,9.1999999999999998E-2,0.42099999999999999,null,null,2023,0.42099999999999999]
[null,2024,0.47,0.32,0.219,9.7000000000000003E-2,0.42599999999999999,null,null,2024,0.42599999999999999]
[null,"Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024; Socio-Economic Survey of South Africa 2023, p268"]
[null,"a See previous page."]
[null,"b Stats SA’s expanded definition of unemployment measures anybody without a job who wanted to work and was available to take up employment during the reference period, but who was not actively seeking work — that is, a  ‘discouraged’ workseeker for reasons cited at the beginning of this chapter."]
[]
[null,"TABLE AND GRAPH BOTH HAVE TO BE INCLUDED. "]

{"sheet":"International comparisons","index":74,"n_rows":47,"n_cols":12,"rows_kept":47,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[46,1,46,2],[1,1,1,6],[3,1,3,6],[5,1,5,2],[5,3,5,4],[5,5,5,6],[44,1,44,6],[45,1,45,4]]}
[]
[null,"International comparisons"]
[]
[null,"Unemployment rates, international comparisons, 2024"]
[]
[null,"—Selected countries—",null,"—Emerging markets—",null,"—Selected African countries—"]
[null,"Country","Unemployment ratea","Country","Unemployment ratea","Country","Unemployment ratea",null,null,null,null,"          "]
[null,"Australia",4.2000000000000003E-2,"Brazil",6.6000000000000003E-2,"Algeria",0.11799999999999999]
[null,"Botswana",0.25900000000000001,"Bulgaria",5.2999999999999999E-2,"Angola",0.32400000000000001]
[null,"Brazil",6.6000000000000003E-2,"Chile",8.6999999999999994E-2,"Botswana",0.25900000000000001]
[null,"Chile",8.6999999999999994E-2,"China",5.2999999999999999E-2,"Burundi",8.9999999999999993E-3]
[null,"China",5.2999999999999999E-2,"Colombia",9.9000000000000005E-2,"Cameroon",3.6999999999999998E-2]
[null,"Denmark",2.5999999999999999E-2,"Czech Republic",3.7999999999999999E-2,"Central African Republic",6.3E-2]
[null,"Egypt",6.5000000000000002E-2,"Egypt",6.5000000000000002E-2,"Congo (DRC)","N/A"]
[null,"France",7.2999999999999995E-2,"Estonia",7.5999999999999998E-2,"Congo (Republic)",0.218]
[null,"Germany",0.06,"Greece",9.9000000000000005E-2,"Egypt",6.5000000000000002E-2]
[null,"Ghana",3.5999999999999997E-2,"Hungary",4.2999999999999997E-2,"Eritrea",5.8999999999999997E-2]
[null,"Greece",9.9000000000000005E-2,"India",8.5000000000000006E-2,"Eswatini",0.222]
[null,"Hong Kong",0.03,"Indonesia",4.8000000000000001E-2,"Ethiopia",0.189]
[null,"India",8.5000000000000006E-2,"Jordan",0.214,"Ghana",3.5999999999999997E-2]
[null,"Indonesia",4.8000000000000001E-2,"Kuwait",2.1000000000000001E-2,"Ivory Coast",2.5999999999999999E-2]
[null,"Ireland",4.2999999999999997E-2,"Latvia",6.9000000000000006E-2,"Kenya",4.9000000000000002E-2]
[null,"Israel",2.5999999999999999E-2,"Lithuania",8.5000000000000006E-2,"Lesotho",0.16300000000000001]
[null,"Italy",6.5000000000000002E-2,"Malaysia",3.3000000000000002E-2,"Liberia",2.9000000000000001E-2]
[null,"Japan",2.7E-2,"Mauritius",6.3E-2,"Libya",0.185]
[null,"Kazakhstan",4.7E-2,"Mexico",2.9000000000000001E-2,"Madagascar",1.7999999999999999E-2]
[null,"Lithuania",8.5000000000000006E-2,"Morocco",0.13100000000000001,"Malawi",0.05]
[null,"Mexico",2.9000000000000001E-2,"Oman",1.4999999999999999E-2,"Mauritius",6.3E-2]
[null,"Mozambique","N/A","Pakistan",5.7000000000000002E-2,"Morocco",0.13100000000000001]
[null,"Nigeria",5.2999999999999999E-2,"Peru",6.0999999999999999E-2,"Mozambique","N/A"]
[null,"Pakistan",5.7000000000000002E-2,"Philippines",4.7E-2,"Namibia",0.19600000000000001]
[null,"Philippines",4.7E-2,"Poland",0.05,"Nigeria",5.2999999999999999E-2]
[null,"Poland",0.05,"Qatar",1E-3,"Rwanda",0.16800000000000001]
[null,"Russia",2.4E-2,"Romania",5.3999999999999999E-2,"Senegal",0.23200000000000001]
[null,"Saudi Arabia",3.5000000000000003E-2,"Russia",2.4E-2,"Somalia","N/A"]
[null,"South Africa",0.33500000000000002,"Slovakia",0.05,"South Africa",0.33500000000000002]
[null,"Spain",0.113,"South Africa",0.33500000000000002,"Sudan",0.20799999999999999]
[null,"Switzerland",2.4E-2,"Sri Lanka",4.4999999999999998E-2,"Tanzania",8.8999999999999996E-2]
[null,"Thailand",1.0999999999999999E-2,"Thailand",1.06E-2,"Tunisia",0.16]
[null,"Turkey",8.7999999999999995E-2,"Turkey",8.7999999999999995E-2,"Uganda",2.9000000000000001E-2]
[null,"Uganda",2.9000000000000001E-2,"United Arab Emirates",0.03,"Zambia",6.0999999999999999E-2]
[null,"United Kingdom",4.1000000000000002E-2,"Vietnam",2.3E-2,"Zimbabwe",9.0999999999999998E-2]
[null,"United States",4.2000000000000003E-2]
[null,"Venezuela",5.8999999999999997E-2]
[null,"Source: Trading economics, www.tradingeconomics.com, accessed 27 September 2024"]
[null,"a Figures refer to the latest available data in November 2024."]
[null,"N/A — Not available."]

{"sheet":"Characteristics of unemployed","index":75,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Unemployment by industry","index":76,"n_rows":21,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":21,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[20,0,20,6],[1,0,1,6],[3,0,3,6],[5,5,5,6],[18,0,18,6],[19,0,19,6]]}
[]
["Characteristics of the unemployed"]
[]
["Unemployment by industrya,  2009-24"]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,"—Change 2023-24—"]
["Industry",2009,2022,2023,2024,"Number","Proportion"]
["Agriculture",123000,151000,162000,189000,{"$f":"(E8-D8)","v":27000},{"$f":"(E8-D8)/D8","v":0.16666666666666666}]
["Mining",30000,52000,37000,65000,{"$f":"(E9-D9)","v":28000},{"$f":"(E9-D9)/D9","v":0.7567567567567568}]
["Manufacturing",333000,219000,255000,255000,0,0]
["Utilities",13000,23000,13000,23000,10000,0.76923076923076927]
["Construction",355000,357000,390000,467000,77000,0.19743589743589743]
["Trade",473000,502000,542000,549000,7000,1.2915129151291513E-2]
["Transport",101000,144000,165000,152000,-13000,-7.8787878787878782E-2]
["Finance",221000,391000,322000,371000,49000,0.15217391304347827]
["Community and social services",154000,461000,534000,613000,79000,0.14794007490636704]
["Private households",242000,228000,221000,271000,50000,0.22624434389140272]
["Totalb",2046000,2528000,2640000,2954000,314000,0.11893939393939394]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a Those who have worked in the past five years only."]
["b Figures should add up vertically but may not, owing to rounding."]

{"sheet":"Unemployment by occupation","index":77,"n_rows":19,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":19,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,6],[16,0,16,6],[17,0,17,6],[18,0,18,6],[3,5,3,6]]}
[]
["Unemployment by occupationa, 2009-24"]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,"—Change 2023-24—"]
["Occupation",2009,2022,2023,2024,"Number","Proportion"]
["Manager",33000,58000,59000,58000,{"$f":"(E6-D6)","v":-1000},{"$f":"(D6-C6)/C6","v":1.7241379310344827E-2}]
["Professional",27000,51000,57000,73000,{"$f":"(E7-D7)","v":16000},{"$f":"(D7-C7)/C7","v":0.11764705882352941}]
["Technician",86000,138000,136000,316000,180000,-1.4492753623188406E-2]
["Clerk",200000,361000,279000,314000,35000,-0.22714681440443213]
["Sales and services",317000,437000,568000,403000,-165000,0.2997711670480549]
["Skilled agriculture",7000,10000,7000,12000,5000,-0.3]
["Craft and related trade",381000,372000,372000,464000,92000,0]
["Plant and machine operator",186000,145000,172000,221000,49000,0.18620689655172415]
["Elementary",623000,807000,836000,893000,57000,3.5935563816604711E-2]
["Domestic worker",185000,147000,155000,199000,44000,{"$f":"F15/C15","v":0.29931972789115646}]
["Totalb",2046000,2528000,2640000,2954000,{"$f":"(E16-D16)","v":314000},0.12420886075949367]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a   Those who have worked in the past five years only."]
["b   Figures should add up vertically but may not, owing to rounding."]

{"sheet":"Categories of unemployed","index":78,"n_rows":25,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":25,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,7],[3,6,3,7],[11,0,11,7],[12,0,12,7],[3,1,3,4],[14,0,14,7],[13,0,13,7],[15,0,15,7],[23,0,23,7],[24,0,24,7],[18,1,18,5],[20,1,20,3],[19,1,19,5],[16,1,16,5],[22,1,22,2]]}
[]
["Categories of unemployed people, 2009-24"]
[]
[null,"—Numbera—",null,null,null,"Proportiona of total ","—Change—"]
["Category",2009,2022,2023,2024,2024,"Numbera","Proportion"]
["Job losers",1505000,2086000,2114000,2402000,{"$f":"E6/E11","v":0.28649809160305345},{"$f":"E6-D6","v":288000},{"$f":"(D6-C6)/C6","v":1.3422818791946308E-2}]
["Job leavers",361000,186000,238000,237000,{"$f":"E7/E11","v":2.8268129770992367E-2},{"$f":"E7-D7","v":-1000},{"$f":"(D7-C7)/C7","v":0.27956989247311825}]
["New entrants ",1726000,3703000,3522000,3523000,{"$f":"E8/E11","v":0.42020515267175573},1000,-4.8879287064542261E-2]
["Re-entrants",180000,256000,288000,315000,{"$f":"E9/E11","v":3.7571564885496185E-2},27000,0.125]
["Other",569000,1763000,1759000,1907000,{"$f":"E10/E11","v":0.22745706106870228},148000,{"$f":"G10/C10","v":8.3947816222348273E-2}]
["Total",4341000,7994000,7921000,8384000,{"$f":"E11/E11","v":1},463000,5.7918438829121843E-2]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a  Numbers do not necessarily add up to total, owing to rounding."]
["These are the reasons given by unemployed people for not working during the reference week about their circumstances prior to becoming unemployed."]
["● Job losers are unemployed persons who had been working during the five years prior to becoming unemployed and: they had lost their job, or they had been laid off, or the business in which they had previously worked had been sold, or closed down."]
["● Job leavers are those among the unemployed who had been working during five years prior to becoming unemployed, and had stopped working at their last job for any of the following reasons:"]
["*","Caring for own children/relatives"]
["*","Pregnancy"]
["*","Other family/community responsibilities"]
["*","Going to school"]
["*","Changed residence"]
["*","Retired"]
["*","Other reasons"]
["● New entrants are people who were unemployed during the reference period that never worked before."]
["● Re-entrants to the labour force are unemployed people who worked before whose main activity before looking for work was either managing a home or going to school [Stats SA, Guide to the Quarterly Labour Force Survey, Report number 02-11-01, August 2008]."]

{"sheet":"Unemployment by age group","index":79,"n_rows":13,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":13,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,6],[3,1,3,2],[3,5,3,6],[11,0,11,6],[12,0,12,6],[3,4,4,4],[3,3,4,3]]}
[]
["Unemployment by age group, 2024"]
[]
[null,"—Number unemployed—",null,"Number EAPa","Number not\neconomically active ","—Unemployment rate—"]
["Age group","official definition","expanded definition",null,null,"official definition","expanded definition"]
["15-24 years",1691000,2615000,2780000,7483000,0.60799999999999998,0.70599999999999996]
["25-34 years",3306000,4654000,7935000,2665000,0.41699999999999998,0.501]
["35-44 years",2082000,2993000,7251000,1888000,0.28699999999999998,0.36699999999999999]
["45-54 years",1063000,1681000,5127000,1757000,0.20699999999999999,0.29299999999999998]
["55- 64 years",242000,440000,1943000,2468000,0.125,0.20599999999999999]
["Total",8384000,12383000,25036000,16260000,0.33500000000000002,0.42599999999999999]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a The economically active population is defined by Stats SA as people between the ages of 15 and 64 who are either employed or unemployed. EAP data in the table is based on the official definition."]

{"sheet":"Unempl. age, race, sex offi ","index":80,"n_rows":45,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":45,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,6],[4,1,4,6],[24,1,24,6],[44,0,44,6]]}
[]
["Unemployment — numbers and rates — by age, \nrace and sex (official definition), 2024"]
[]
[null,"15-24 years","25-34 years","35-44 years","45-54 years","55- 64 years","Total "]
["Black","—Number—"]
["Male",754095,1517993,950942,529169,107757,3859955]
["Female",731663,1538013,977160,425148,99890,3771874]
["Total",1485758,3056006,1928102,954317,207646,7631829]
["Coloured"]
["Male",89379,73452,46775,40597,10980,261182]
["Female",73239,83420,51372,36611,7003,251643]
["Total",162617,156872,98146,77208,17983,512825]
["Indian/Asian"]
["Male",4468,16032,4604,10530,3027,38661]
["Female",7706,25811,10460,3515,2638,50129]
["Total",12174,41843,15064,14044,5665,88791]
["White"]
["Male",15780,26162,23056,6051,5868,76917]
["Female",14677,24711,17846,11000,5230,73463]
["Total",30457,50873,40901,17051,11098,150380]
["South Africa"]
["Male",863722,1633639,1025376,586347,127632,4236715]
["Female",827284,1671955,1056837,476273,114760,4147109]
["TOTAL",1691006,3305594,2082213,1062619,242392,8383824]
["Black","—Rate—"]
["Male",0.621,0.42799999999999999,0.29399999999999998,0.246,0.157,0.35599999999999998]
["Female",0.70199999999999996,0.5,0.34799999999999998,0.22600000000000001,0.153,0.39900000000000002]
["Total",0.65800000000000003,0.46100000000000002,0.31900000000000001,0.23699999999999999,0.155,0.376]
["Coloured"]
["Male",0.49099999999999999,0.217,0.16,0.157,0.107,0.223]
["Female",0.501,0.27300000000000002,0.20499999999999999,0.158,7.6999999999999999E-2,0.246]
["Total",0.495,0.24399999999999999,0.18099999999999999,0.158,9.2999999999999999E-2,0.23300000000000001]
["Indian/Asian"]
["Male",0.187,0.14299999999999999,3.5999999999999997E-2,0.112,6.5000000000000002E-2,9.6000000000000002E-2]
["Female",0.61,0.317,0.14199999999999999,6.8000000000000005E-2,0.14799999999999999,0.21099999999999999]
["Total",0.33300000000000002,0.216,7.4999999999999997E-2,9.7000000000000003E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2,0.13900000000000001]
["White"]
["Male",0.18099999999999999,0.108,0.09,2.4E-2,0.03,7.4999999999999997E-2]
["Female",0.21099999999999999,0.108,8.5999999999999993E-2,5.2999999999999999E-2,3.3000000000000002E-2,8.4000000000000005E-2]
["Total",0.19400000000000001,0.108,8.8999999999999996E-2,3.6999999999999998E-2,3.2000000000000001E-2,7.9000000000000001E-2]
["South Africa"]
["Male",0.57299999999999995,0.38500000000000001,0.26200000000000001,0.21299999999999999,0.124,0.315]
["Female",0.65100000000000002,0.45300000000000001,0.316,0.20100000000000001,0.125,0.35799999999999998]
["TOTAL",0.60799999999999998,0.41699999999999998,0.28699999999999998,0.20699999999999999,0.125,0.33500000000000002]
["Source: Stats SA, email communication, 9 September 2024"]

{"sheet":"Unempl. age,race,sex expand","index":81,"n_rows":45,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":45,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,6],[4,1,4,6],[24,1,24,6],[44,0,44,6]]}
[]
["Unemployment — numbers and rates — by age, \nrace and sex (expanded definition), 2024"]
[]
[null,"15-24 years","25-34 years","35-44 years","45-54 years","55- 64 years","Total"]
["Black","—Number—"]
["Male",1154841,2075336,1305181,744087,181869,5461314]
["Female",1152998,2227284,1453374,758807,193327,5785790]
["Total",2307839,4302620,2758555,1502894,375196,11247103]
["Coloured"]
["Male",126539,110665,70736,63750,20970,392659]
["Female",115682,130323,82116,55449,16453,400022]
["Total",242221,240987,152851,119198,37423,792681]
["Indian/Asian"]
["Male",10350,23445,9441,20738,6618,70592]
["Female",19093,27704,20920,12889,3408,84014]
["Total",29443,51148,30361,33628,10025,154605]
["White"]
["Male",15780,29959,25312,10273,10148,91472]
["Female",19874,28893,25969,14686,7444,96866]
["Total",35654,58852,51281,24960,17592,188338]
["South Africa"]
["Male",1307510,2239404,1410670,838849,219604,6016036]
["Female",1307646,2414204,1582379,841831,220632,6366692]
["TOTAL",2615156,4653607,2993049,1680679,440236,12382728]
["Black","—Rate—"]
["Male",0.71499999999999997,0.505,0.36299999999999999,0.315,0.24,0.439]
["Female",0.78700000000000003,0.59099999999999997,0.442,0.34300000000000003,0.25900000000000001,0.504]
["Total",0.749,0.54600000000000004,0.40100000000000002,0.32800000000000001,0.249,0.47]
["Coloured"]
["Male",0.57699999999999996,0.29499999999999998,0.224,0.22600000000000001,0.186,0.30099999999999999]
["Female",0.61299999999999999,0.36899999999999999,0.29199999999999998,0.222,0.16400000000000001,0.34100000000000003]
["Total",0.59399999999999997,0.33100000000000002,0.25600000000000001,0.224,0.17599999999999999,0.32]
["Indian/Asian"]
["Male",0.34699999999999998,0.19600000000000001,7.0999999999999994E-2,0.19900000000000001,0.13200000000000001,0.16200000000000001]
["Female",0.79500000000000004,0.33200000000000002,0.248,0.21199999999999999,0.183,0.31]
["Total",0.54700000000000004,0.252,0.14000000000000001,0.20399999999999999,0.14599999999999999,0.219]
["White"]
["Male",0.18099999999999999,0.122,9.8000000000000004E-2,0.04,5.0999999999999997E-2,8.7999999999999995E-2]
["Female",0.26500000000000001,0.124,0.121,6.9000000000000006E-2,4.7E-2,0.108]
["Total",0.22,0.123,0.10979999999999999,5.2999999999999999E-2,4.9000000000000002E-2,9.7000000000000003E-2]
["South Africa"]
["Male",0.67,0.46200000000000002,0.32800000000000001,0.27900000000000003,0.19600000000000001,0.39500000000000002]
["Female",0.747,0.54400000000000004,0.40899999999999997,0.307,0.216,0.46100000000000002]
["TOTAL",0.70599999999999996,0.501,0.36699999999999999,0.29299999999999998,0.20599999999999999,0.42599999999999999]
["Source: Stats SA, email communication, 9 September 2024"]

{"sheet":"Unemployment by education","index":82,"n_rows":16,"n_cols":30,"rows_kept":16,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[15,0,15,6],[1,0,1,6],[3,0,4,0],[4,5,4,6],[13,0,13,6],[14,0,14,6],[3,1,3,4]]}
[]
["Unemployment by highest level of education, 2009-24"]
[]
["Highest level of education","—Number unemployed—",null,null,null,"Proportion of totala","Unemployment\n rateb",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Employed","Unemployed","Labour force","Labour force"]
[null,2009,2022,2023,2024,"—2024—",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Category Labour force",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"183 000",64000,247000,{"$f":"AB5/AC5","v":0.25910931174089069}]
["No schooling",105000,79000,64000,56000,{"$f":"E6/E13","v":6.6793893129770991E-3},0.23699999999999999,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"SUM(P6:Q6)","v":236000},180000,56000,{"$f":"E6/O6","v":0.23728813559322035},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,692000,290000,{"$f":"AA6+AB6","v":982000},0.29531568228105909]
["Less than primary completed",409000,336000,290000,382000,{"$f":"E7/E13","v":4.5562977099236644E-2},0.373,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"SUM(P7:Q7)","v":1025000},643000,382000,0.37268292682926829,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,494000,284000,778000,0.36503856041131105]
["Primary completed",217000,233000,284000,253000,{"$f":"E8/E13","v":3.0176526717557252E-2},0.35,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,723000,470000,253000,0.34993084370677729,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,5066000,3338000,8404000,0.39719181342217991]
["Secondary not completed",1947000,3467000,3338000,3441000,{"$f":"E9/E13","v":0.41042461832061067},0.40300000000000002,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,8541000,5100000,3441000,0.40288022479803304,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,5860000,3187000,9047000,0.35227147120592461]
["Secondary completed",1408000,3074000,3187000,3387000,{"$f":"E10/E13","v":0.40398377862595419},0.35799999999999998,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,9453000,6066000,3387000,0.35829895271342432,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,3859000,708000,4567000,0.15502518064374862]
["Tertiary",226000,742000,708000,817000,{"$f":"E11/E13","v":9.7447519083969467E-2},0.17100000000000001,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,4771000,3954000,817000,0.17124292601131838,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,193000,50000,243000,0.20576131687242799]
["Other",29000,63000,50000,49000,{"$f":"E12/E13","v":5.844465648854962E-3},0.17,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,288000,239000,49000,0.1701388888888889,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,16346000,7921000,24267000,0.32641035150616066]
["Total",4341000,7994000,7921000,8384000,{"$f":"E13/E13","v":1},0.33500000000000002,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"SUM(O6:O12)","v":25037000},null,null,0.33486440068698325]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a Proportion of the total number of unemployed people who are in each level of education category."]
["b Proportion of people in each education category who are unemployed."]

{"sheet":"Unemployment by duration","index":83,"n_rows":9,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":9,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,6],[3,3,3,4],[4,5,4,6],[8,0,8,5]]}
[]
["Unemployment by duration, 2023 and 2024"]
[]
[null,null,null,"—Change—",null,"Proportion of\nlabour force","Proportion of\nunemployed"]
["Length of unemployment",2023,2024,"Number","Proportion","—2024—"]
["Long-term unemployment (1year and more)",6127000,6385000,{"$f":"C6-B6","v":258000},{"$f":"(C6-B6)/B6","v":4.210869920026114E-2},{"$f":"C6/41296000","v":0.15461545912437039},{"$f":"C6/C8","v":0.76156965648854957}]
["Short-term unemployment (less than 1 year)",1795000,1999000,{"$f":"C7-B7","v":204000},{"$f":"(C7-B7)/B7","v":0.11364902506963788},{"$f":"C7/41296000","v":4.8406625339015887E-2},{"$f":"C7/C8","v":0.23843034351145037}]
["Total unemployed",7921000,8384000,463000,{"$f":"(C8-B8)/B8","v":5.8452215629339728E-2},{"$f":"C8/41296000","v":0.20302208446338629},1]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]

{"sheet":"Reasons for  empl. termination","index":84,"n_rows":22,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":22,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,0,0,5],[2,1,2,5],[21,1,21,5]]}
[]
[]
[null,"Reasons for termination in commercial employment as reported to the UIF, 2007/08-2021/22"]
[]
[null,"Year","Business closed","End of contract","Retrenched","Dismissed"]
[null,"2007/08",3005,17092,85247,28899]
[null,"2008/09",4462,139867,30252,42581]
[null,"2009/10",3502,126582,29292,35298]
[null,"2010/11",3141,129211,25033,33712]
[null,"2011/12",42716,246401,53081,84935]
[null,"2012/13",14539,238727,90254,119135]
[null,"2013/14",18486,235470,79552,111062]
[null,"2014/15",47340,94306,48004,142507]
[null,"2015/16",15361,223804,81356,101978]
[null,"2016/17",19332,259710,102109,134426]
[null,"2017/18",18749,287711,105358,144081]
[null,"2018/19",17788,223996,206725,96819]
[null,"2019/20",23308,413757,130860,170007]
[null,"2020/21",28191,440131,223370,150055]
[null,"2021/22",26043,617799,152066,185648]
[null,"2007/08-2021/22",{"$f":"(C20-C6)/C6","v":7.6665557404326119},{"$f":"(D20-D6)/D6","v":35.145506669787032},{"$f":"(E20-E6)/E6","v":0.78382816990627235},{"$f":"(F20-F6)/F6","v":5.4240285130973387}]
[null,"Source: Department of Employment and Labour, Job Opportunities and Unemployment in the South African Labour Market 2019-20, 23 February 2021, Figure 8, p24; Job Opportunities and Unemployment in the South African Labour Market 2020-21, 16 March 2022, Figure 8, p11; Job Opportunities and Unemployment in the South African Labour Market 2021-22, 31 January 2024, Figure 7, p10"]

{"sheet":"UNDERUTILISATION","index":85,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Underutilisation.","index":86,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Not economically active","index":87,"n_rows":20,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":20,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,7],[10,6,10,7],[10,1,10,2],[10,3,10,4],[10,5,11,5],[8,0,8,7],[6,0,6,7],[4,0,4,7]]}
[]
["UNDERUTILISATION AND NON-\nPARTICIPATION OF LABOUR"]
[]
[]
["Not economically active"]
[]
["People who are not economically active are those who were neither employed nor unemployed during the week of the survey. This includes students, pensioners, discouraged workseekers, and people who are without jobs but do not meet all of Stats SA’s criteria to be defined as officially unemployed [Stats SA, Quarterly Labour Force Survey]."]
[]
["People not economically active, 2023 and 2024"]
[]
[null,"—2023—",null,"—2024—",null,"Change 2023-24","—Proportion of \ntotal aged 15-64—"]
["Category ","Number","Proportion","Number","Proportion",null,2023,2024]
["Student/pupil",6097000,{"$f":"B13/16478000","v":0.37000849617672049},6029000,{"$f":"D13/16478000","v":0.36588178176963226},{"$f":"(D13-B13)/B13","v":-1.1153026078399212E-2},{"$f":"B13/40177000","v":0.15175349080319586},{"$f":"D13/40746000","v":0.14796544446080598}]
["Homemaker",2525000,{"$f":"B14/16478000","v":0.15323461585143827},2263000,{"$f":"D14/16478000","v":0.13733462798883359},-0.10376237623762376,6.2846902456629411E-2,{"$f":"D14/40746000","v":5.5539194031315957E-2}]
["Illness/disability",1669000,0.10128656390338633,1658000,0.10061900716106324,-6.5907729179149194E-3,4.154118027727307E-2,4.069111078388063E-2]
["Too old/young to work",1753000,0.10638426993567181,1757000,0.10662701784197111,2.2818026240730175E-3,4.3631928715434205E-2,4.3120797133460953E-2]
["Discouraged workseekers",3182000,0.19310595946109965,3195000,0.19389489015657241,4.0854808296668758E-3,7.9199542026532593E-2,7.841260491827419E-2]
["Other",1252000,7.5980094671683457E-2,1358000,8.2412914188615127E-2,8.4664536741214061E-2,3.1162107673544565E-2,3.3328424876061455E-2]
["Total",{"$f":"SUM(B13:B18)","v":16478000},{"$f":"B19/16478000","v":1},16260000,{"$f":"D19/16260000","v":1},-1.3229760893312296E-2,0.41013515195260969,0.39905757620379917]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 17 September 2024"]

{"sheet":" Inactivity rate by age group ","index":88,"n_rows":21,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":21,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[20,1,20,8],[18,1,18,8],[1,1,1,8]]}
[]
[null,"Inactivity ratea by age group,  2009-24"]
[]
[null,null,"Male",2009,2021,2022,2023,2024]
[null,null,"15–24",0.68500000000000005,0.75600000000000001,0.70799999999999996,0.70799999999999996,0.70699999999999996]
[null,null,"25–54",0.155,0.185,0.19400000000000001,0.188,0.185]
[null,null,"55– 64",0.432,0.48199999999999998,0.50900000000000001,0.51300000000000001,0.48099999999999998]
[null,null,"Total",0.34300000000000003,0.36299999999999999,0.35599999999999998,0.35099999999999998,0.34399999999999997]
[null,null,"Female"]
[null,null,"15–24",0.73899999999999999,0.78700000000000003,0.76,0.748,0.752]
[null,null,"25–54",0.34699999999999998,0.33400000000000002,0.31900000000000001,0.309,0.28999999999999998]
[null,null,"55– 64",0.67800000000000005,0.65600000000000003,0.67,0.64400000000000002,0.623]
[null,null,"Total",0.49399999999999999,0.48599999999999999,0.47,0.45700000000000002,0.442]
[null,null,"Both sexes"]
[null,null,"15–24",0.71199999999999997,0.77100000000000002,0.73399999999999999,0.72799999999999998,0.72899999999999998]
[null,null,"25–54",0.254,0.25900000000000001,0.25600000000000001,0.248,0.23699999999999999]
[null,null,"55– 64",0.56799999999999995,0.57799999999999996,0.59799999999999998,0.58499999999999996,0.55900000000000005]
[null,null,"Total",0.42099999999999999,0.42499999999999999,0.41399999999999998,0.40400000000000003,0.39400000000000002]
[null,"Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 17 September 2024"]
[]
[null,"a Not economically active as a proportion of population of working age (15-64). For each age group, the inactivity rate refers to the not economically active as a proportion of the population in that age group. For example, 70.7% of men aged 15 to 24  were not economically active in 2024."]

{"sheet":"Discouraged workseekers","index":89,"n_rows":9,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":9,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[3,1,3,2],[7,1,7,2],[8,1,8,2],[1,1,1,2]]}
[]
[null,"Discouraged workseekers"]
[]
[null,"Stats SA defines discouraged workseekers as those who had not been employed during the reference period covered by the survey. These people are not considered to be part of the labour force. To be classified as discouraged workseekers, they had to be available to work or start a business, but had not taken active steps to do so in the survey reference period for any reason. In 2008, the definition was made more restrictive in that the main reason for not seeking work had to be one of the following:"]
[null,"●","No jobs available in the area."]
[null,"●","Unable to find work fitting the respondent’s skills."]
[null,"●","Lost all hope of finding any kind of work."]
[null,"This change had the effect of substantially reducing  the number of workers counted as ‘discouraged’, excluding, for instance, people who do not have enough money for transport to look for work, or those awaiting seasonal work."]
[null,"In 2014, Stats SA has updated the Quarterly Labour Force Survey results for 2008 to 2013 to reflect the new population benchmarks from Census 2011."]

{"sheet":"Discouraged workseekers by  ","index":90,"n_rows":32,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":32,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,5],[29,0,29,5],[30,0,30,5],[31,0,31,5]]}
[]
["Discouraged workseekers by racea,  2001-24"]
[]
["Year","Black","Coloured","Indian/Asian","White","Totalb"]
[2001,1468000,150000,19000,88000,1725000]
[2002,1758000,112000,28000,60000,1958000]
[2003,1897000,100000,13000,56000,2067000]
[2004,2073000,142000,22000,48000,2285000]
[2005,2122000,119000,22000,60000,2324000]
[2006,2162000,161000,51000,72000,2445000]
[2007,2256000,170000,28000,56000,2511000]
[2008,1041000,44000,4000,11000,1101000]
[2009,1459000,48000,14000,15000,1536000]
[2010,1818000,91000,14000,36000,1960000]
[2011,2054000,125000,13000,21000,2214000]
[2012,2247000,83000,9000,21000,2360000]
[2013,2287000,90000,15000,32000,2425000]
[2014,2272000,90000,27000,31000,2419000]
[2015,2297000,82000,34000,21000,2434000]
[2016,2382000,95000,19000,30000,2526000]
[2017,2157000,141000,31000,31000,2361000]
[2018,2666000,96000,31000,71000,2864000]
[2019,2563000,130000,20000,36000,2749000]
[2020,2289000,126000,26000,30000,2471000]
[2021,3054000,183000,34000,46000,3317000]
[2022,3242000,230000,61000,36000,3568000]
[2023,2938000,172000,46000,26000,3182000]
[2024,2918917,207335,42055,26501,3194808]
["2001-24",{"$f":"(B28-B5)/B5","v":0.98836307901907361},{"$f":"(C28-C5)/C5","v":0.38223333333333331},{"$f":"(D28-D5)/D5","v":1.213421052631579},{"$f":"(E28-E5)/E5","v":-0.69885227272727268},{"$f":"(F28-F5)/F5","v":0.8520626086956522}]
["Source:  Stats SA, email communication, 9 September 2024; Socio-Economic Survey of South Africa Survey 2023, p276"]
["a A discouraged workseeker is a person who was not employed during the reference week of the survey, wanted to work, was available to work or start a business but did not take active steps to find work during the last four weeks, provided that the main reason given for not seeking work was any of the following: no jobs available in the area, unable to find work requiring his/her skills, lost hope of finding any kind of work."]
["b Figures should add up horizontally but may not, owing to rounding."]

{"sheet":"Underutilisation of labour ","index":91,"n_rows":25,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":25,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[24,0,24,4],[1,0,1,4],[3,0,3,4],[22,0,22,4],[23,0,23,4],[5,3,5,4],[21,0,21,4]]}
[]
["Underutilisation"]
[]
["Underutilisation of labour, 2023 and 2024"]
[]
[null,null,null,"—2024—"]
["Male",2023,2024,"Proportion of  all people aged 15-64 a","Proportion of total labour forceb"]
["Underemployedc",338000,299000,{"$f":"C8/41296000","v":7.24041069352964E-3},{"$f":"(C8/25036000)","v":1.1942802364594983E-2}]
["Unemployed",3938900,4237000,{"$f":"C9/41296000","v":0.10260073614877954},{"$f":"(C9/25036000)","v":0.1692362997283911}]
["Discouraged workseekers",1526000,1526000,{"$f":"C10/41296000","v":3.6952731499418828E-2},{"$f":"(C10/25036000)","v":6.0952228790541622E-2}]
["Total",{"$f":"SUM(B8:B10)","v":5802900},{"$f":"SUM(C8:C10)","v":6062000},{"$f":"C11/41296000","v":0.14679387834172802},{"$f":"(C11/25036000)","v":0.24213133088352773}]
["Female"]
["Underemployedc",378000,378000,{"$f":"C13/41296000","v":9.1534289035257645E-3},{"$f":"(C13/25036000)","v":1.5098258507748841E-2}]
["Unemployed",3983000,4147000,{"$f":"C14/41296000","v":0.10042134831460674},{"$f":"(C14/25036000)","v":0.1656414762741652}]
["Discouraged workseekers",1657000,1657000,{"$f":"C15/41296000","v":4.012495156915924E-2},{"$f":"(C15/25036000)","v":6.6184694040581568E-2}]
["Total",{"$f":"SUM(B13:B15)","v":6018000},{"$f":"SUM(C13:C15)","v":6182000},{"$f":"C16/41296000","v":0.14969972878729174},{"$f":"(C16/25036000)","v":0.2469244288224956}]
["Both sexes"]
["Underemployedc",716000,677000,{"$f":"B18/41296000","v":1.733824099186362E-2},{"$f":"(C18/25036000)","v":2.7041060872343824E-2}]
["Unemployed",7921000,8384000,{"$f":"B19/41296000","v":0.19181034482758622},{"$f":"(C19/25036000)","v":0.3348777760025563}]
["Discouraged workseekers",3182000,3182000,{"$f":"B20/41296000","v":7.705346764819837E-2},{"$f":"(C20/25036000)","v":0.12709698034829844}]
["Total",{"$f":"SUM(B18:B20)","v":11819000},{"$f":"SUM(C18:C20)","v":12243000},{"$f":"B21/41296000","v":0.28620205346764821},{"$f":"(C21/25036000)","v":0.48901581722319859}]
["Source: Stats SA, Quarterly Labour Force Survey Quarter 2, 2024, Statistical release P0211, 13 August 2024, Table 3.9, p74; QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a The working-age population, which comprises all persons aged 15 to  64."]
["b The labour force comprises all persons who are employed and unemployed, excluding the not economically active."]
["c Persons in underemployment (time-related) are employed persons who are willing and available to work additional hours and whose total number of hours actually worked during the reference period was below 35 per week."]

{"sheet":"Timerelated underempl by occup.","index":92,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":18,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,3],[15,0,15,3],[16,0,16,3],[17,0,17,3]]}
[]
["Time-related underemployment by occupation, 2024"]
[]
["Occupation","Time-related\nunderemployment a","Total employed","Underemployment as a proportion of total employment"]
["Manager",13000,1451000,{"$f":"B5/C5","v":8.9593383873190907E-3}]
["Professional",7000,1102000,6.3520871143375682E-3]
["Technician",26000,1780000,1.4606741573033709E-2]
["Clerk",17000,1705000,9.9706744868035199E-3]
["Sales and services",73000,2584000,2.825077399380805E-2]
["Skilled agriculture",7000,105000,6.6666666666666666E-2]
["Craft and related trade",80000,1672000,4.784688995215311E-2]
["Plant and machine operator",26000,1308000,1.9877675840978593E-2]
["Elementary ",287000,4094000,7.010258915486077E-2]
["Domestic worker",140000,843000,0.166073546856465]
["Totalb",677000,16652000,4.065577708383377E-2]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 17 September 2024"]
["a People in underemployment (time-related) are employed persons who are willing and available to work additional hours and whose total number of hours actually worked during the reference period was below 35 per week."]
["b Numbers should add up vertically but may not, owing to rounding."]

{"sheet":"Timerelated underempl. by indus","index":93,"n_rows":19,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":19,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,0,1,3],[16,0,16,3],[17,0,17,3],[18,0,18,3]]}
[]
["Time-related underemployment by industry, 2024"]
[]
["Industry","Time-related\nunderemployment","Total employed","Underemployment as a proportion of total employment"]
["Agriculture",17000,896000,{"$f":"B5/C5","v":1.8973214285714284E-2}]
["Mining","—a",457000,"—a"]
["Manufacturing",27000,1655000,{"$f":"B7/C7","v":1.6314199395770394E-2}]
["Utilities",1000,114000,"—a"]
["Construction",59000,1204000,{"$f":"B9/C9","v":4.9003322259136214E-2}]
["Trade",119000,3360000,3.5416666666666666E-2]
["Transport",21000,1064000,1.9736842105263157E-2]
["Finance",61000,2905000,2.0998278829604131E-2]
["Community and social services",179000,3827000,{"$f":"B13/C13","v":4.677292918735302E-2}]
["Private households",194000,1160000,{"$f":"B14/C14","v":0.16724137931034483}]
["Other","—a","—b","—b"]
["Total",716000,16652000,{"$f":"B16/C16","v":4.2997838097525824E-2}]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 17 September 2024"]
["a   For all values of 10 000 or lower the sample size is too small for reliable estimates."]
["b   Stats SA did not include the category 'Other' under time-related underemployment."]

{"sheet":"PROVINCIAL DATA","index":94,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"EAP by province","index":95,"n_rows":22,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":22,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[21,0,21,7],[1,0,1,7],[4,0,4,7],[6,0,6,7],[19,0,19,7],[20,0,20,7]]}
[]
["PROVINCIAL LABOUR MARKET DATA"]
[]
[]
["Overall data"]
[]
["Economically active population by province, 2024"]
[]
["Province","Employed","Proportion of employed people","Unemployed\n(official)","Proportion of unemployed people","Unemployed\n(expanded)a","Economically active population (official)","Economically active\npopulation (expanded)a"]
["Eastern Cape",1369000,{"$f":"B10/Total146","v":8.2212346865241412E-2},951000,{"$f":"D10/Total147","v":0.11343034351145038},1354000,2319000,{"$f":"SUM(B10+F10)","v":2723000}]
["Free State",745000,{"$f":"B11/Total146","v":4.4739370646168626E-2},449000,5.3554389312977096E-2,613000,1194000,1358000]
["Gauteng",5103000,0.30644967571462889,2756000,0.32872137404580154,3296000,7858000,8399000]
["KwaZulu-Natal",2842000,{"$f":"B13/Total146","v":0.17067018976699497},1281000,0.15279103053435114,2318000,4124000,5160000]
["Limpopo",1526000,{"$f":"B14/Total146","v":9.1640643766514526E-2},699000,{"$f":"D14/Total147","v":8.3373091603053437E-2},1359000,2225000,2885000]
["Mpumalanga",1192000,7.1582993033869807E-2,712000,8.4923664122137407E-2,1133000,1904000,2325000]
["North West",887000,5.3266874849867883E-2,624000,7.4427480916030533E-2,1050000,1511000,1937000]
["Northern Cape",314000,1.8856593802546239E-2,147000,1.7533396946564885E-2,256000,461000,570000]
["Western Cape",2675000,0.16064136440067259,765000,9.1245229007633585E-2,1003000,3439000,3678000]
["South Africab",16652000,{"$f":"Total146/Total146","v":1},8384000,{"$f":"Total147/Total147","v":1},12383000,25036000,{"$f":"SUM(Total146+F19)","v":29035000}]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a Stats SA’s expanded definition of unemployment measures anybody without a job who wanted to work and was available to take up employment during the reference period."]
["b Figures should add up vertically but may not, owing to rounding, and owing to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable."]

{"sheet":"Provincial labour market trends","index":96,"n_rows":96,"n_cols":11,"rows_kept":96,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[1,1,1,4],[3,1,3,4],[95,1,95,4]]}
[]
[null,"Trends"]
[]
[null,"Labour market trends by province, 2023 and 2024"]
[]
[null,"Eastern Cape",2023,2024,"Change "]
[null,"Total employed",1444000,1369000,{"$f":"(D7-C7)/C7","v":-5.1939058171745149E-2}]
[null,"Total unemployed",949000,951000,2.1074815595363539E-3]
[null,"Total economically active",2393000,2319000,-3.0923526953614711E-2,null,null,null,null,null,"* The Economically active = labour force data in QLFS"]
[null,"Total not economically active",2105000,2234000,6.1282660332541566E-2]
[null,"Total aged 15– 64",4498000,4553000,1.2227656736327256E-2]
[null,"Unemployment rate",0.39700000000000002,0.41,3.2745591939546487E-2]
[null,"Labour market participation rate",0.53200000000000003,0.50900000000000001,-4.3233082706766957E-2]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.32100000000000001,0.30099999999999999,-6.2305295950155819E-2]
[null,"Free State"]
[null,"Total employed",730000,745000,{"$f":"(D16-C16)/C16","v":2.0547945205479451E-2}]
[null,"Total unemployed",423000,449000,6.1465721040189124E-2]
[null,"Total economically active",1153000,1194000,3.5559410234171723E-2]
[null,"Total not economically active",781000,745000,-4.6094750320102434E-2]
[null,"Total aged 15– 64",1934000,1939000,2.5853154084798345E-3]
[null,"Unemployment rate",0.36699999999999999,0.376,2.4523160762942801E-2]
[null,"Labour market participation rate",0.59599999999999997,0.61599999999999999,3.35570469798658E-2]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.378,0.38400000000000001,1.5873015873015886E-2]
[null,"Gauteng"]
[null,"Total employed",4988000,5103000,{"$f":"(D25-C25)/C25","v":2.305533279871692E-2}]
[null,"Total unemployed",2617000,2756000,5.3114252961406191E-2]
[null,"Total economically active",7605000,7858000,3.3267587113740962E-2]
[null,"Total not economically active",3499000,3417000,-2.3435267219205486E-2]
[null,"Total aged 15– 64",11104000,11275000,1.5399855907780979E-2]
[null,"Unemployment rate",0.34399999999999997,0.35099999999999998,2.0348837209302344E-2]
[null,"Labour market participation rate",0.68500000000000005,0.69699999999999995,1.7518248175182334E-2]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.44900000000000001,0.45300000000000001,8.9086859688196074E-3]
[null,"KwaZulu-Natal"]
[null,"Total employed",2642000,2842000,{"$f":"(D34-C34)/C34","v":7.5700227100681305E-2}]
[null,"Total unemployed",1187000,1281000,7.919123841617523E-2]
[null,"Total economically active",3829000,4124000,7.7043614520762596E-2]
[null,"Total not economically active",3701000,3509000,-5.1877870845717371E-2]
[null,"Total aged 15– 64",7529000,7633000,1.3813255412405367E-2]
[null,"Unemployment rate",0.31,0.311,3.2258064516129063E-3]
[null,"Labour market participation rate",0.50900000000000001,0.54,6.090373280943031E-2]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.35099999999999998,0.372,5.9829059829059887E-2]
[null,"Limpopo"]
[null,"Total employed",1469000,1526000,{"$f":"(D43-C43)/C43","v":3.880190605854323E-2}]
[null,"Total unemployed",677000,699000,3.2496307237813882E-2]
[null,"Total economically active",2146000,2225000,3.681267474370923E-2]
[null,"Total not economically active",1839000,1811000,-1.5225666122892877E-2]
[null,"Total aged 15– 64",3984000,4036000,1.3052208835341365E-2]
[null,"Unemployment rate",0.316,0.314,-6.3291139240506389E-3]
[null,"Labour market participation rate",0.53900000000000003,0.55100000000000005,2.2263450834879423E-2]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.36899999999999999,0.378,2.4390243902439046E-2]
[null,"Mpumalanga"]
[null,"Total employed",1158000,1192000,{"$f":"(D52-C52)/C52","v":2.9360967184801381E-2}]
[null,"Total unemployed",723000,712000,-1.5214384508990318E-2]
[null,"Total economically active",1881000,1904000,1.2227538543328018E-2]
[null,"Total not economically active",1243000,1264000,1.6894609814963796E-2]
[null,"Total aged 15– 64",3124000,3168000,1.4084507042253521E-2]
[null,"Unemployment rate",0.38400000000000001,0.374,-2.6041666666666689E-2]
[null,"Labour market participation rate",0.60199999999999998,0.60099999999999998,-1.6611295681063138E-3]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.371,0.376,1.3477088948787075E-2]
[null,"North West"]
[null,"Total employed",881000,887000,{"$f":"(D61-C61)/C61","v":6.8104426787741201E-3}]
[null,"Total unemployed",513000,624000,0.21637426900584794]
[null,"Total economically active",1394000,1511000,8.3931133428981355E-2]
[null,"Total not economically active",1367000,1288000,-5.7790782735918068E-2]
[null,"Total aged 15– 64",2761000,2799000,1.3763129300977906E-2]
[null,"Unemployment rate",0.36799999999999999,0.41299999999999998,0.12228260869565213]
[null,"Labour market participation rate",0.505,0.54,6.9306930693069368E-2]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.31900000000000001,0.317,-6.269592476489034E-3]
[null,"Northern Cape"]
[null,"Total employed",322000,314000,{"$f":"(D70-C70)/C70","v":-2.4844720496894408E-2}]
[null,"Total unemployed",118000,147000,0.24576271186440679]
[null,"Total economically active",441000,461000,4.5351473922902494E-2]
[null,"Total not economically active",392000,378000,-3.5714285714285712E-2]
[null,"Total aged 15– 64",833000,840000,8.4033613445378148E-3]
[null,"Unemployment rate",0.26900000000000002,0.32,0.18959107806691444]
[null,"Labour market participation rate",0.52900000000000003,0.54900000000000004,3.7807183364839354E-2]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.38700000000000001,0.374,-3.35917312661499E-2]
[null,"Western Cape"]
[null,"Total employed",2711000,2675000,{"$f":"(D79-C79)/C79","v":-1.3279232755440797E-2}]
[null,"Total unemployed",715000,765000,6.9930069930069935E-2]
[null,"Total economically active",3426000,3439000,3.7945125510799767E-3]
[null,"Total not economically active",1552000,1615000,4.0592783505154641E-2]
[null,"Total aged 15– 64",4978000,5054000,1.5267175572519083E-2]
[null,"Unemployment rate",0.20899999999999999,0.222,6.2200956937799104E-2]
[null,"Labour market participation rate",0.68600000000000005,0.68100000000000005,-7.2886297376093352E-3]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.54500000000000004,0.52900000000000003,-2.9357798165137637E-2]
[null,"South Africa"]
[null,"Total employed",16346000,16652000,{"$f":"(D88-C88)/C88","v":1.872017618989355E-2}]
[null,"Total unemployed",7921000,8384000,5.8452215629339728E-2]
[null,"Total economically active",24268000,{"$f":"SUM(D88:D89)","v":25036000},3.164661282347124E-2]
[null,"Total not economically active",16478000,16260000,-1.3229760893312296E-2]
[null,"Total aged 15– 64",40746000,41296000,1.3498257497668482E-2]
[null,"Unemployment rate",0.32600000000000001,0.33500000000000002,2.7607361963190209E-2]
[null,"Labour market participation rate",0.59599999999999997,0.60599999999999998,1.67785234899329E-2]
[null,"Labour absorption rate",0.40100000000000002,0.40300000000000002,4.9875311720698296E-3]
[null,"Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]

{"sheet":"Unemploym. numbers by province","index":97,"n_rows":20,"n_cols":9,"rows_kept":20,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[3,0,3,8],[1,0,1,8],[18,0,18,8],[19,0,19,8],[17,0,17,6],[5,1,5,4],[5,5,5,8]]}
[]
["Unemployment"]
[]
["Unemployment numbers by province, 2009-24"]
[]
[null,"—Official definition—",null,null,null,"—Expanded definitiona—"]
["Province",2009,2022,2023,2024,2009,2022,2023,2024]
["Eastern Cape",514000,1006000,949000,951000,854000,1443000,1103000,1354000]
["Free State",275000,386000,423000,449000,421000,544000,573000,613000]
["Gauteng",1370000,2515000,2617000,2756000,1612000,3301000,3224000,3296000]
["KwaZulu-Natal",565000,1207000,1187000,1281000,1247000,2421000,2313000,2318000]
["Limpopo",314000,791000,677000,699000,671000,1256000,1351000,1359000]
["Mpumalanga",358000,660000,723000,712000,605000,1079000,1135000,1133000]
["North West",328000,439000,513000,624000,510000,896000,1012000,1050000]
["Northern Cape",102000,99000,118000,147000,162000,274000,246000,256000]
["Western Cape",515000,891000,715000,765000,596000,1065000,917000,1003000]
["South Africab",4341000,7994000,7921000,8384000,6678000,12282000,11872000,12383000]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a Stats SA’s expanded definition of unemployment measures anybody without a job who wanted to work and was available to take up employment during the reference period."]
["b Figures should add up vertically but may not, owing to rounding, and owing to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable."]

{"sheet":"Unemployment rate by province","index":98,"n_rows":18,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":18,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[17,1,17,7],[1,1,1,7],[15,1,15,7],[16,1,16,7],[3,5,3,7],[3,2,3,4]]}
[]
[null,"Unemployment ratea by province, 2009-24"]
[]
[null,null,"—Official definition—",null,null,"—Expanded definitiona—"]
[null,"Province",2009,2023,2024,2009,2023,2024]
[null,"Eastern Cape",0.27700000000000002,0.39700000000000002,0.41,0.38900000000000001,0.433,0.49700000000000005]
[null,"Free State",0.26400000000000001,0.36699999999999999,0.376,0.35399999999999998,0.44,0.45100000000000001]
[null,"Gauteng",0.22800000000000001,0.34399999999999997,0.35099999999999998,0.25800000000000001,0.39300000000000002,0.39200000000000002]
[null,"KwaZulu-Natal",0.189,0.31,0.311,0.33900000000000002,0.46700000000000003,0.44900000000000001]
[null,"Limpopo",0.246,0.316,0.314,0.41099999999999998,0.47899999999999998,0.47099999999999997]
[null,"Mpumalanga",0.26200000000000001,0.38400000000000001,0.374,0.374,0.495,0.48699999999999999]
[null,"North West",0.27400000000000002,0.36799999999999999,0.41299999999999998,0.37,0.53500000000000003,0.54200000000000004]
[null,"Northern Cape",0.25700000000000001,0.26900000000000002,0.32,0.35499999999999998,0.433,0.44900000000000001]
[null,"Western Cape",0.20100000000000001,0.20899999999999999,0.222,0.22600000000000001,0.253,0.27300000000000002]
[null,"South Africa",0.23200000000000001,0.32600000000000001,0.33500000000000002,0.317,0.42099999999999999,0.42599999999999999]
[null,"Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 18 September 2024"]
[null,"a Stats SA’s expanded definition of unemployment measures anybody without a job who wanted to work and was available to take up employment during the reference period."]
[null,"b Figures should add up vertically but may not, owing to rounding, and owing to the fact that Stats SA disregarded sample sizes smaller than 10 000 as unreliable."]

{"sheet":"MUNICIPAL DATA","index":99,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Labour status metro&non-metro ","index":100,"n_rows":90,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":90,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[5,6,5,8],[5,0,5,3],[89,0,89,4],[1,0,1,4],[3,0,3,4],[88,0,88,4]]}
[]
["MUNICIPAL LABOUR MARKET DATA"]
[]
["Labour market status"]
[]
["Labour market status by non-metro and metro municipalitya, 2024"]
[]
["Eastern Cape","Non-metro","Buffalo City","Nelson Mandela Bay"]
["Total employed",768000,250000,350000]
["Total unemployed",666000,127000,157000]
["Total economically active",1434000,378000,507000]
["Total not economically active",1669000,182000,383000]
["Total aged 15– 64",3103000,559000,890000]
["Unemployment rate",0.46500000000000002,0.33700000000000002,0.309]
["Labour market participation rate",0.46200000000000002,0.67500000000000004,0.56999999999999995]
["Labour absorption rate",0.248,0.44700000000000001,0.39300000000000002]
["Free State","Non-metro","Mangaung"]
["Total employed",513000,233000]
["Total unemployed",347000,102000]
["Total economically active",860000,335000]
["Total not economically active",522000,223000]
["Total aged 15– 64",1382000,557000]
["Unemployment rate",0.40400000000000003,0.30499999999999999]
["Labour market participation rate",0.622,0.60099999999999998]
["Labour absorption rate",0.371,0.41699999999999998]
["Gauteng","Non-metro","Ekurhuleni","Johannesburg","Tshwane"]
["Total employed",611000,1249000,1978000,1265000]
["Total unemployed",409000,626000,1031000,689000]
["Total economically active",1020000,1875000,3009000,1954000]
["Total not economically active",472000,957000,1173000,815000]
["Total aged 15– 64",1492000,2832000,4182000,2769000]
["Unemployment rate",0.40100000000000002,0.33400000000000002,0.34300000000000003,0.35299999999999998]
["Labour market participation rate",0.68400000000000005,0.66200000000000003,0.72,0.70599999999999996]
["Labour absorption rate",0.41,0.44400000000000001,0.47299999999999998,0.45700000000000002]
["KwaZulu-Natal","Non-metro","eThekwini"]
["Total employed",1590000,1252000]
["Total unemployed",1565000,373000]
["Total economically active",908000,1625000]
["Total not economically active",2499000,1049000]
["Total aged 15– 64",4959000,2674000]
["Unemployment rate",0.36399999999999999,0.23]
["Labour market participation rate",0.504,0.60799999999999998]
["Labour absorption rate",0.32100000000000001,0.46800000000000003]
["Limpopo","Non-metro"]
["Total employed",1526000]
["Total unemployed",699000]
["Total economically active",2225000]
["Total not economically active",1811000]
["Total aged 15– 64",4036000]
["Unemployment rate",0.314]
["Labour market participation rate",0.55100000000000005]
["Labour absorption rate",0.378]
["Mpumalanga","Non-metro"]
["Total employed",1192000]
["Total unemployed",712000]
["Total economically active",1904000]
["Total not economically active",1264000]
["Total aged 15– 64",3168000]
["Unemployment rate",0.374]
["Labour market participation rate",0.60099999999999998]
["Labour absorption rate",0.376]
["North West","Non-metro"]
["Total employed",887000]
["Total unemployed",624000]
["Total economically active",1511000]
["Total not economically active",1288000]
["Total aged 15– 64",2799000]
["Unemployment rate",0.41299999999999998]
["Labour market participation rate",0.54]
["Labour absorption rate",0.317]
["Northern Cape","Non-metro"]
["Total employed",314000]
["Total unemployed",147000]
["Total economically active",461000]
["Total not economically active",378000]
["Total aged 15– 64",840000]
["Unemployment rate",0.32]
["Labour market participation rate",0.54900000000000004]
["Labour absorption rate",0.374]
["Western Cape","Non-metro","Cape Town"]
["Total employed",925000,1750000]
["Total unemployed",229000,536000]
["Total economically active",1154000,2285000]
["Total not economically active",680000,934000]
["Total aged 15– 64",1834000,3220000]
["Unemployment rate",0.19900000000000001,0.23400000000000001]
["Labour market participation rate",0.629,0.71]
["Labour absorption rate",0.504,0.54300000000000004]
["Source: Stats SA, QLFS Trends 2008-2024Q2, accessed 27 September 2024"]
["a Limpopo, Mpumalanga, the North West, and the Northern Cape do not have metropolitan municipalities."]