For more detail on what the chapter contains, you will find the complete table of contents below.
Subscribers: | Non-subscribers: |
Download Adobe PDF
Download Excel Spreadsheet
Purchase Chapter
SubscribeTable of contents:
| BUSINESS | 328 |
| All sizes of business | 328 |
| Enterprises by size, 2004 and 2007 | 328 |
| Contribution to GDP by size of business, 2006 | 328 |
| Contribution to employment by size of business, 2012 | 329 |
| Registered businesses by type, 2012 | 329 |
| Public and private ownership of fixed capital stock | 330 |
| Fixed capital stock by ownership, 2000 and 2011 | 330 |
| State-owned enterprises | 330 |
| State-owned enterprises, 2010/11 | 330 |
| Entrepreneurship | 331 |
| Global entrepreneurship monitor | 331 |
| Entrepreneurial activity by country, 2011 | 331 |
| Listed companies | 332 |
| Global rankings | 332 |
| South African companies ranked in the Forbes Top 1 000 companies, 2012 | 332 |
| The top companies | 333 |
| South Africa’s top 100 companies by turnover, 2012 | 333 |
| Top five companies by sector, 2012 | 335 |
| The Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) | 337 |
| The JSE all-share index, 1998–2011 | 337 |
| Small business | 337 |
| All small businesses | 337 |
| Small, medium, and micro enterprises (SMMEs) by sector | 337 |
| Small business by size, 2010 | 337 |
| Small business by age, 2010 | 337 |
| Small business by stage, 2010 | 338 |
| Small business owners by race and sex, 2010 | 338 |
| Small business owners by age group, 2010 | 339 |
| Small business owners by highest level of education, 2010 | 339 |
| Franchises | 339 |
| Franchise systems by business category, 2008 | 339 |
| Growth in franchise business units, 2006 and 2008 | 340 |
| Franchise contribution to GDP, 2006 and 2008 | 340 |
| Total employment in franchises, 2008 | 341 |
| Average employment and investment per employee in franchises, 2008 | 341 |
| Comparative statistics | 342 |
| Comparative statistics on small business, India, Brazil and South Africa (IBSA) | 342 |
| Business by sector | 342 |
| Sectoral contributions to GDP, jobs, and exports, 2011 | 342 |
| Agriculture | 343 |
| Agricultural production by sector and product, 1999/2000 and 2009/10 | 343 |
| Horticultural crop production, 1999/2000 and 2009/10 | 343 |
| Animal product production, 1999/2000 and 2009/10 | 344 |
| Agricultural production by sector, 1999/2000 and Oct-09 | 344 |
| Mining | 345 |
| Contribution to mineral sales, 2012 | 345 |
| Micro components, 2010 | 345 |
| Manufacturing | 346 |
| Micro components, manufacturing, 2011 | 346 |
| New car sales, production, and exports, 1995–2011 | 348 |
| Physical infrastructure | 349 |
| Airports | 349 |
| Aircraft movements at South Africa’s ten major airports, 2002/03–2011/12 | 349 |
| Energy | 349 |
| Electricity | 349 |
| Electricity generation by fuel type, 2009 | 349 |
| Electricity usage by sector, 2009 | 350 |
| Electricity capacity, 2012 | 351 |
| Projected electricity supply and demand until 2020 | 352 |
| Electricity price adjustment vs CPI, 1996–2011 | 353 |
| Main sources of energy | 353 |
| Coal | 353 |
| Coal resources, production, consumption, and exports, 2010 | 353 |
| Recoverable coal reserve holders, selected countries, 2008 | 354 |
| Natural gas | 354 |
| Natural gas production, imports, and consumption, 2010 | 354 |
| Oil and petroleum | 355 |
| Oil reserves, production, refinery capacity, imports, and consumption | 355 |
| Oil imports, 2011/12 | 355 |
| Refinery ownership and crude throughput, 2012 | 355 |
| Petroleum and diesel consumption by province, 2009 | 356 |
| Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions | 356 |
| CO2 emissions, 1990–2008 | 357 |
| Ports | 358 |
| Tonnage handled at South African ports, 2003–09 | 358 |
| Total tonnage handled at South African ports (thousand tonnes), 2003–09 | 358 |
| Railways | 359 |
| The rail network | 359 |
| Railways and roads | 359 |
| Road versus rail, 2007–2009 | 359 |
| Roads | 359 |
| All roads | 359 |
| Water | 360 |
| South African dams, 2011 | 360 |
| Water use by sector, 2010 | 360 |
| The business environment | 361 |
| Competitiveness | 361 |
| Global Competitiveness Index rankings, 2012–13 | 361 |
| South Africa’s ranking on the Global Competitiveness Index’s 12 pillars, 2012–13 | 362 |
| South Africa’s ranking on the Global Competitiveness Index in detail, 2012–13 | 363 |
| World Competitiveness Report, global rankings, 2012 | 366 |
| Digital economy | 367 |
| Digital Economy Rankings, selected countries, 2010 | 367 |
| Digital Economy Rankings, emerging markets, 2010 | 368 |
| Networked Readiness Index, selected countries, 2012 | 369 |
| Networked Readiness Index, emerging markets, 2012 | 370 |
| Ease of doing business | 371 |
| Key components | 371 |
| South Africa’s ranking for ease of doing business, 2012 | 371 |
| Financial development | 372 |
| Financial Development Index, 2011 | 372 |
| Trading | 373 |
| Ease of trading across borders, selected countries, 2012 | 373 |
| Ease of trading across borders, emerging markets, 2012 | 374 |
| Ease of trading across borders, selected African countries, 2012 | 375 |
| Tax | 376 |
| Business tax, selected countries, 2011 | 376 |
| Business tax, emerging markets, 2011 | 377 |
| Business tax, selected African countries, 2011 | 378 |
| Mining attractiveness | 379 |
| Attractiveness of countries for mining investment, Dec-11 | 379 |
| South Africa’s rankings for attractiveness for mining investment, 2009/10–2011/12 | 380 |
| Economic freedom | 381 |
| Economic freedom of the world (Heritage Foundation), selected countries, 2012 | 381 |
| Economic freedom of the world (Heritage Foundation), emerging markets, 2012 | 382 |
| Economic freedom of the world (Heritage Foundation), selected African countries, 2012 | 383 |
| Economic freedom of the world (Economic Freedom Network), selected countries, 2009–10 | 384 |
| Economic freedom of the world (Economic Freedom Network), emerging markets, 2009–10 | 385 |
| Economic freedom of the world (Economic Freedom Network), selected African countries, 2009–10 | 386 |
| Productivity | 387 |
| Change in total employment, real remuneration per worker, and labour productivity in the non-agricultural, non-domestic sector, 1994–2011 | 387 |
| Labour productivity, global rankings, 2010 | 388 |
| Overall productivity, global rankings, 2010 | 389 |
| Black Economic Empowerment | 390 |
| Proposed changes to the generic scorecard | 390 |
| The proposed new generic scorecard, 2012 | 390 |
| JSE black directorships, 2008–10 | 392 |
| Change in JSE black directorships, 2008–10 | 393 |
| Black Economic Empowerment, 1995–2009 | 393 |
| BEE transaction contribution to total transaction value, 1994–2009 | 394 |
| Other | 394 |
| Ownership | 394 |
| Education | 394 |
| Employment | 394 |
| INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS | 395 |
| Trade unions | 395 |
| Trade unions and membership, 1994–2010 | 395 |
| Cosatu affiliate membership, 1991–2012 | 396 |
| Cosatu membership as a proportion of total employed, 1994 and 2012 | 397 |
| Skill levels of Cosatu members, 2012 | 397 |
| Income levels of Cosatu members and others, 2012 | 398 |
| Income levels of Cosatu members, 2012 | 398 |
| Income levels of other workers, 2012 | 398 |
| Rivals to Cosatu affiliates, 2012 | 399 |
| Bargaining councils | 401 |
| Bargaining councils, 1996–2011 | 401 |
| Annual salary negotiations by type, 2011 and 2012 | 402 |
| Annual salary negotiations by type, 2012 | 402 |
| Wage settlements | 403 |
| Wage settlements and the inflation rate, 1998–2011 | 403 |
| Average wage settlement by major sectors and unions, 2011 | 404 |
| Average minimum monthly wage across major sectors, 2011 | 405 |
| Average wage increase by province, 2011 | 405 |
| Strikes and lockouts | 406 |
| Mandays lost as a result of strikes, 1979–2011 | 406 |
| Work stoppages by province, 2003 and 2011 | 407 |
| Working days lost by industry, 2011 | 407 |
| Work stoppages by duration, 2010 and 2011 | 407 |
| Mandays lost in the top six strikes, 2011 | 408 |
| Top six strikes by duration, 2011 | 408 |
| Strike triggers (proportion of mandays lost due to triggers), 1987–2011 | 409 |
| Strike triggers, 2011 | 409 |
| Violence in strikes | 410 |
| Benefits | 410 |
| Proportion of employees receiving benefits by number of hours worked, 2003 and 2011 | 410 |
| Labour legislation | 411 |
| Labour Relations Amendment Bill of 2012 | 411 |
| The Basic Conditions of Employment Amendment Bill of 2012 | 412 |