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THE HEALTH AND WELFARE PICTURE.................................................................. 483
Health and welfare at a glance............................................................. 483
HEALTH INDICATORS...................................................................................................... 484
Mortality............................................................................................................................ 484
Infant and under-five mortality............................................................................... 484
Infant mortality rate by province, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2007,
and 2008............................................................................................... 484
Under-five mortality rate by province, 1994, 1998, 2002,
2007, and 2008.................................................................................... 485
Under-five mortality rate, selected countries, 1970, 1990,
2005, and 2007.................................................................................... 486
Maternal mortality..................................................................................................... 487
Maternal mortality ratio, 1990-2005................................................... 487
Causes of death.......................................................................................................... 487
Ten leading natural causes of death 2004, 2005, and 2006........... 488
Causes of death by race, 2006.............................................................. 489
Death by age and year of death.............................................................................. 491
Deaths by age and year of death, 1997–2006................................... 491
Termination of pregnancy........................................................................................ 492
Termination of pregnancy by province, 1997-2007......................... 492
Termination of pregnancy by age, 2001–2006................................. 493
Malnutrition...................................................................................................................... 493
Severe malnutrition of under-five years by province, 2001–06..... 493
Diseases.............................................................................................................................. 493
Cholera......................................................................................................................... 493
Cholera cases and deaths by province, 2001–05.............................. 493
Diarrhoea 494
Diarrhoea incidence among under-fives by province and
municipality, 2001–07/08................................................................. 494
Malaria......................................................................................................................... 496
Malaria cases and deaths, 1971–2007................................................ 496
Malaria deaths, 1971, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006,
2007....................................................................................................... 496
Occupational disease................................................................................................. 497
Occupational disease claims finalised................................................. 497
Tuberculosis (TB)........................................................................................................ 498
TB cases and pulmonary TB cases reported, 1995–2007............... 498
Total TB cases, 1995-2007.................................................................... 498
TB cases reported by province, 2000–07............................................ 499
Estimated TB cases and HIV co-infection by province, 2004........ 499
Estimated TB cases and HIV co-infection by province, 2004........ 500
Incidence of TB, selected countries, 2005.......................................... 501
HIV and AIDS................................................................................................................... 502
Overview....................................................................................................................... 502
HIV and AIDS overview........................................................................ 502
HIV infection rate by race, 2008.......................................................... 503
Current data................................................................................................................. 504
Population segments living with HIV/AIDS.................................................... 504
Snap-shot of population living with HIV/AIDS by province,
1 July 2009 (actual numbers)............................................................ 504
Snap-shot of people living with HIV/AIDS by province,
1 July 2009 (proportions)................................................................... 504
Historical trends.......................................................................................................... 505
All infections.......................................................................................................... 505
New HIV infections by year, 1998–2008........................................... 505
Adult infection...................................................................................................... 506
Estimated adult HIV-prevalence rates by population group,
1991–2008........................................................................................... 506
Infection rate of women attending antenatal clinics..................................... 506
HIV infection rates of women attending public antenatal
clinics, 1992–2007.............................................................................. 507
HIV infection rates of women attending public antenatal
clinics by province, 1992–2007........................................................ 507
HIV infection rates of women attending public antenatal
clinics by age, 1997–2006................................................................. 508
Projected prevalence rates........................................................................................ 509
HIV prevalence rate by province, 2002, 2008, and 2015............ 509
Estimated HIV prevalence rates, 2002–15......................................... 509
International comparisons........................................................................................ 510
Regional HIV/AIDS statistics, 2003, 2005, and 2007...................... 510
Adult (aged 15–49 years) HIV prevalence in countries which
have conducted population-based HIV surveys in recent
years....................................................................................................... 511
HEALTH RESOURCES AND SERVICES...................................................................... 512
Finance............................................................................................................................... 512
National health budget allocations, 2009/10–2011/12.................... 512
Provincial health budget allocations, 2009/10–2011/12................. 512
Health expenditure, selected countries, 2006..................................... 513
Medical insurance........................................................................................................... 514
Medical aid beneficiaries by province, 2004-2007........................... 514
Beneficiaries by province as a proportion of provincial
population, 2007................................................................................. 514
Beneficiaries of medical aid schemes, 1997-2007............................ 515
Medical aid coverage by province and race, 2008............................ 516
Medical aid coverage by race, 2008.................................................... 517
Medical personnel........................................................................................................... 518
University health science awards by race, 2001–2006..................... 518
University health science awards, 2001–2006................................... 518
Registered health care personnel, 1990–2008.................................... 519
Number of public sector doctors by province, 2000–08.................. 520
Number of public sector professional nurses by province,
2000–08................................................................................................ 521
Public sector people-to-doctor and people-to-nurse ratios,
by province, 2008................................................................................ 521
Number of public sector doctors per 100 000 of population,
2000–2008........................................................................................... 522
Number of public sector professional nurses per 100 000 of
population, 2000–2008...................................................................... 522
Physicians per 1 000 people, selected countries, 2002-07................ 523
Hospitals and clinics....................................................................................................... 524
Hospital bed occupancy rate, 2006..................................................... 524
Number of beds in public and private sector hospitals by
province, 2005 and 2008................................................................... 524
Number of hospitals in each province, 2006 and 2008.................... 525
Health services in each district/metropolitan municipality,
2007....................................................................................................... 525
Vaccination....................................................................................................................... 527
Immunisation coverage of children under one year, 2000–06....... 527
Rates of immunisation and TB treatment, selected countries........ 528
WELFARE.............................................................................................................................. 529
Social grants..................................................................................................................... 529
Beneficiaries of social grants 2001, 2006/07, 2007/08,
2008/09, 2009/10, and 2010/11...................................................... 529
Number of beneficiaries, 2001, 2006/07, 2007/08,
2008/09, 2009/10, and 2010/11...................................................... 530
Old age grants and rates of inflation, 1994–2009............................. 530
Increase in value of social grants, April 2006–April 2009............... 531
Growth in child support grant recipient numbers and
payments, October 1998–May 2008.............................................. 531
Benefits of social grants by province and municipality, 2007........ 532
Social wage........................................................................................................................ 534
Average value of social wage and social grantper household
per month.............................................................................................. 534
Gross value of the social wage.............................................................. 534