South Africa Survey Online 2010/2011

International comparisons on ease of doing business and economic freedom are a particular highlight, as well as a detailed section on physical infrastructure in the country. The chapter is concluded with a section on industrial relations, including data on trade unions, wage settlements, and strikes.

For more detail on what the chapter contains, you will find the complete table of contents below.

Table of Contents:

THE BUSINESS AND LABOUR PICTURE

South Africa at a glance

BUSINESS

All sizes of business

Number of enterprises in South Africa by size, 2004 and 2007

Small, medium, and micro enterpries (SMMEs) by sector

Public and private ownership of fixed capital stock

Fixed capital stock by ownership, 2000

Fixed capital stock by ownership, 2009

State-owned enterprises

State-owned enterprises (SOEs), 2009/10

Entrepreneurship

Global entrepreneurship monitor

Entrepreneurial activity by country, 2009

Listed companies

Global rankings

South African companies ranked in the Forbes

Top 1 000 companies, 2010

The top 100

South Africa’s top 100 companies by turnover, 2010

Top five companies by sector, 2010

The Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE)

The JSE all-share index, 1998–2010

Small business

Franchises

Franchise systems by business category, 2008

Growth in franchise business units, 2006 and 2008

Franchise contribution to GDP, 2006 and 2008

Capital invested in franchises for the 12 months up to 28 February 2009

Franchise fees, 2008

Total employment in franchises, 2008

Average employment and investment per employee in franchises, 2008

Non-VAT registered business

Overview of non-VAT registered businesses, 2001–2009

Number of persons running non-VAT registered businesses by industry of the main business, 2001–09

Profile of non-VAT registered business owners, 2001–09

Geographical distribution of non-VAT registered businesses by province, 2001–09

Number of employees in non-VAT registered businesses by industry, 2001–09

Assistance needed by non-VAT registered businesses, 2009

Assistance needed by non-VAT registered businesses, by main form of assistance needed, 2009

Source of start-up business capital, 2001–09

Sources of start-up business capital, 2001–09

Soweto survival rate

Survival rate of small businesses in Soweto, 2007–2010

Comparative statistics

Comparative statistics on small business, India, Brazil, and South Africa (IBSA)

Business by sector

Sectoral contributions to GDP, jobs, and exports, 2010

Agriculture

Agriculture, sub-sector share of output, 1966–2006

Fruit production, 2009

Animal production, 2009

Farming units in South Africa by size and selected production, 1936–2007

South Africa’s trade in agricultural goods, 1965–2005

Agricultural trade, 2007–09

Major exports, 2007–09

Fruit exports, 2009

Major export destinations, 2008–10

Major imports, 2007–2009

Origin of imports, 2008–10

Cereal yield, emerging markets, 2005–2008

Mining

Contribution to mineral sales, 2010

Micro components, 2009

Manufacturing

Micro components, manufacturing, 2010

New car sales, production, and exports, 1995–2010

Wholesale and retail trade

Tourism

Tourist arrivals in South Africa by year, 2003–10

Thirty most popular global tourist destinations, 2009

Physical infrastructure

Airports

Aircraft movements at South Africa’s ten major airports, 2002/03–2009/10

Energy

Electricity

Electricity generation by fuel type, 2009

Electricity usage by sector, 2009

South Africa’s maximum electricity capacity, 2010

South Africa’s projected electricity supply and demand up until 2020

Eskom’s new power stations

Breakdown of main sources of energy

Coal

Coal resources, production, consumption, and exports

Total recoverable coal reserve holders, selected countries, 2007

Natural gas

Natural gas production, imports, and consumption, 2010

Oil and petroleum

Oil reserves, production, refinery capacity, imports, and consumption

South Africa’s oil imports, 2009

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions

CO2 emissions (million tonnes), 1990–2008

CO2 emissions per capita, selected countries, 1990–2008

CO2 emissions per capita, emerging markets, 1990–2008

Volume of CO2 emitted per country, selected countries, 2008

Volume of CO2 emitted per country, emerging markets, 2008

Volume of CO2 emitted per country, selected African countries, 2008

Ports

Tonnage handled at South African ports, 2003–08

Total tonnage handled at South African ports (thousand tonnes), 2003–08

Railways

The South African rail network

Railways and roads

Road versus rail, 2007–2009

Roads

The South African road network

Non-urban roads

Toll Roads

Water

South African dams

The business environment

Competitiveness

Global Competitiveness Index rankings, 2010–11 and 2011–12

South Africa’s ranking on the Global Competitiveness Index’s 12 pillars, 2011–12

South Africa’s ranking on the Global Competitiveness Index in detail, 2011–12

World Competitiveness Report, global rankings, 2010 and 2011

Digital economy

Digital Economy Rankings, selected countries, 2009 and 2010

Digital Economy Rankings, emerging markets, 2009 and 2010

Networked Readiness Index, selected countries, 2010–11

Networked Readiness Index, emerging markets, 2010–11

Ease of doing business

Key components

South Africa’s ranking for ease of doing business, 2010

Conducting business

Conducting business, selected countries, 2010

Conducting business, emerging markets, 2010

Conducting business, selected African countries, 2010

Financial development

Financial Development Index, 2009–10

Trading

Ease of trading across borders, selected countries, 2010

Ease of trading across borders, emerging markets, 2010

Ease of trading across borders, selected African countries, 2010

Mining attractiveness

Attractiveness of countries for mining investment, 2011

Economic freedom

Economic freedom of the world (Heritage Foundation), selected countries, 2011

Economic freedom of the world (Heritage Foundation), emerging markets, 2011

Economic freedom of the world (Heritage Foundation), selected African countries, 2011

Economic freedom of the world (Economic Freedom Network), selected countries, 2008–09

Economic freedom of the world (Economic Freedom Network), emerging markets, 2008–09

Economic freedom of the world (Economic Freedom Network), selected African countries, 2008–09

Productivity

Labour productivity, global rankings, 2010

Overall productivity, global rankings, 2010

Change in total employment, real remuneration per worker, and labour productivity in the non-agricultural, non-domestic sector, 1994–2010

Black Economic Empowerment

The generic scorecard, 2007

JSE black directorships, 2008–10

Change in JSE black directorships, 2008–10

Total individual ownership of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) by race, 2000 and 2010

Total ownership of the JSE, 2000 and 2010

Total ownership of the JSE, 2000

Total ownership of the JSE, 2010

Black Economic Empowerment, 1995–2009

BEE transaction contribution to total transaction value, 1994–2009

Charters vs codes

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

Trade unions

Trade unions and membership, 1994–2010

Bargaining councils 1996–2010

Bargaining councils, 1996–2010

Wage settlements

Wage settlements and the inflation rate, 1998–2010

Average wage settlement by major sectors and unions, 2010

Average minimum monthly wage across major sectors, 2010

Average wage increase by province, 2010

Strikes and lockouts

Mandays lost as a result of strikes, 1979–2010

Mandays lost in the top six strikes, 2010

Top six strikes by duration, 2010

Strike triggers (proportion of mandays lost due to triggers), 1987–2010

Strike triggers, 2010

Benefits

Proportion of employees receiving benefits by number of hours worked, 2003 and 2009

The main feature is the most serious crime trends broken down by crime category, year, province, and district municipality. There are detailed sections on the subcategories of aggravated robbery, crimes against children, and crime on farms. The section on police includes murder of police officials, violence and crime by the police, and shortage of skills in the South African Police Service. International data includes new comparisons between African countries and between emerging market countries.

For more detail on what the chapter contains, you will find the complete table of contents below.

Table of Contents:

THE SECURITY PICTURE

South Africa at a glance

STATISTICS AND TRENDS

National crime trends

National crime figures, 1994/95 and 2010/11 (actual numbers)

National crime figures, 1994/95 and 2010/11 (rates per 100 000 people)

Daily incidence of the most serious crimes, 1994/95 and 2010/11

Seventeen-year and one-year crime trends

Contact crime: actual reported cases and rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Contact crime rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Property-related crime: actual reported cases and rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Property-related crime rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Crimes heavily dependent on police action for detection: actual reported cases and rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Crimes heavily dependent on police action for detection: rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Other serious crime: actual reported cases and rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Other serious crime rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Arson, malicious damage, and total serious crime: actual reported cases and rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Total serious crime rate per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Aggravated robbery

Breakdown of aggravated robbery, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in aggravated robbery cases, initial recorded period – 2010/11

Subcategories of aggravated robbery

Residential and business robberies as proportions of total aggravated robberies, 2002/03–2010/11

Particular categories of crime

Crime on farms

Reported cases of stock theft and rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Stock theft rates per 100 000 of the population, 1994/95–2010/11

Farm attacks by province, 1993–2009

Note on farm crime statistics

Breakdown of victims by race

Farm murders by province, 1993–2009

Farm attacks and murders by province, 1993–2009 (cumulative totals)

Crimes against foreign nationals

Witch and muti killings

Crimes against children under the age of 18

Reported crimes committed against children under the age of 18, 2002/03–2010/11

Change in reported crimes committed against children under the age of 18, 2002/03–2010/11

Initiation school circumcisions that lead to death

Attacks during strikes

Protest and public violence

Major service delivery protests, 2004–10

Incidents of public violence by province, 2003/04–2010/11

Taxi violence

White-collar crime

Social grant fraud cases by province, 2005/06–2010/11

Amount lost owing to social grant fraud by province, 2005/06–2010/11

Poaching

Rhino poaching incidents, 2007–11

Breakdown of rhino poaching by location, 2008–11

Copper theft

Copper cable theft, 2005/06–2009/10

Provincial crime trends

Murder

Murder, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in murder rate, 1994/95–2010/11

Attempted murder

Attempted murder, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in attempted murder rate, 1994/95–2010/11

All sexual offences

All sexual offences, 1994/95–2010/11

The rate of all sexual offences, 2010/11

Robbery with aggravating circumstances

Robbery with aggravating circumstances, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in aggravated robbery rate, 1994/95–2010/11

Assault with intent to inflict grievous bodily harm (GBH)

Assault with intent to inflict grievous bodily harm, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in rate of assault (GBH), 1994/95–2010/11

Burglary at residential premises

Burglary at residential premises, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in residential burglary rate, 1994/95–2010/11

Burglary at business premises

Burglary at business premises, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in business burglary rate, 1994/95–2010/11

Stock theft

Stock theft, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in stock theft rate, 1994/95–2010/11

Theft of motor vehicles

Theft of motor vehicles, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in motor vehicle theft rate, 1994/95–2010/11

Commercial crimes

Commercial crimes, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in commercial crime rate, 1994/95–2010/11

Drug-related crime

Drug-related crime, 1994/95–2010/11

Change in drug-related crime rate, 1994/95–2010/11

Municipal crime trends

Selected crime rates by municipality, 2010/11 (actual numbers)

Selected crime rates by municipality, 2010/11 (rates per 100 000 people)

Crime reporting

Proportion of respondents who reported their experience of crime to the police, 1998, 2003 and 2007

Perceptions of crime

Perceptions of changes in levels of crime over four years by race, 2007

Perceptions of changes in levels of crime over four years by province, 2007

Youth and crime

Non-natural deaths

Overall manner of non-natural death by cause of death, 2008

Manner of non-natural death by sex, 2008 (actual numbers)

Manner of non-natural death by sex, 2008 (proportions)

Number and proportion of non-natural deaths by age and manner of death, 2008

Top ten external causes of non-natural death, 2007 and 2008

Mining industry fatalities by cause of death, 2009–2010

Railway injuries and fatalities by category of victim, 2007/08 and 2008/09

Railway injuries and fatalities by type of incident, 2007/08 and 2008/09

Non-natural deaths over a two-year period in selected fields

International crime trends

Murder rates per 100 000 people, selected countries, 2003 and 2008

Murder rates per 100 000 people, emerging markets, 2003 and 2008

Murder rates per 100 000 people, selected African countries, 2003 and 2008

Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), selected countries, 2001 and 2010

Perceptions of changes in corruption in the past three years, selected countries, 2010

Crime trends and anti-crime expenditure

Crime numbers, rates, and expenditure on protection services, 1994/95–2010/11

Crime and public spending , 2007/08–2010/11

POLICE

Personnel

General statistics

Number of personnel in the SAPS by sex and race, March 2011

SAPS personnel by race, March 2011

Change in police ranks, April 2010

Number of SAPS personnel by rank and race, March 2011

SAPS expenditure on personnel by programme, March 2011

SAPS personnel by programme, March 2011

Ratio of the population to police officers by province, December 2007 and February 2011

Affirmative action in the SAPS, March 2011 actual employment and 2010 employment equity targets (proportions)

SAPS personnel by sex, March 2011 actual employment and 2010 employment equity targets (proportions)

Population to police ratios, selected countries

Police reservists

Number of active police reservists by province as at March 2011

Personnel shortages

Employment and vacancies by programme, 2003/04 and 2010/11

Employment and vacancies by programme, 2009/10 and 2010/11

Employment and vacancies by skills level, 2003/04 and 2010/11

Employment and vacancies by skills level, 2009/10 and 2010/11

Vacancy rates by skills level, 2003/04–2010/11

Fatalities and escapes

Number of police officers murdered, 1983/84–2010/11

Murders of police officials by province, 2004/05–2010/11

Number of escapes and escapees from police custody, 2001/02–2010/11

Deaths of persons in police custody and as a result of police action, 2003/04–2010/11

Crimes, corruption, and (mis)conduct in the SAPS

Lost/stolen SAPS firearms and case dockets, 2001/02–2009/10

Lost/stolen SAPS firearms, 2001/02–2009/10

Complaints and notifications received by the Independent

Complaints Directorate (ICD) against SAPS members by province, 2010/11

Convictions and acquittals of SAPS members in criminal cases by crime category, 2010/11

Charges laid against SAPS members, charges successfully prosecuted, and proportion of charges ending in convictions, 2009/10

Broken Blue Line

PROSECUTIONS AND CONVICTIONS

Cases reported, prosecutions, and convictions as a proportion of all cases handled, 2003/04–2008/09

Process of referring charges to court by crime cluster, 2008/09

Trio crimes conviction rate, 2009/10

THE BENCH AND THE BAR

The Bench

Race and/or sex breakdowns

Judges of the superior courts by race, 2005 and 2011

Judges and magistrates by race, March 2010

Judges and magistrates by sex, March 2010

Magistrates by race, March 2010

The Bar

Members of the Bar by race and sex, April 2010

Members of the Bar by race, April 2010

PRISONS AND CORRECTIONAL SERVICES

Personnel

Correctional Services personnel by race, 2009/10

Prisons

General statistics

Prison population by sex and race, February 2011 (actual numbers)

Prison population by sex and race, February 2011 (proportions)

Prison population by crime category, February 2011

Prison population by age, February 2011

Sentenced and unsentenced prisoners, February 2011

Daily average prison population by sex, 1995/96–February 2011

Daily average prison population, 1995/96–February 2011

Awaiting-trial detainees

Sentenced prisoners and awaiting-trial detainees, 1995–2011

Awaiting-trial detainees, 1995–2011

Children and juveniles

Awaiting-trial detainees and those under the age of 21, 1995–2010

Prisoners under the age of 18 by crime category, February 2011

Prison overcrowding

Prison overcrowding, March 1996–February 2011

Duration of sentences

Duration of sentences, March 1995–February 2011 (numbers and proportions)

Duration of sentences, 1995 and 2011

Duration of sentences: change in proportions, 1995–2011

Duration of sentences, 1995–2011

Deaths and medical releases of prisoners

Natural and unnatural deaths of prisoners, and medical releases, 1996–2009

Types of unnatural deaths, 2009/10

International prison trends

International prison statistics, selected countries

DEFENCE

Personnel

Overall statistics

Department of Defence personnel by race and sex, March 2010

Employment and vacancies by programme as at March 2010

Number of active defence reserves, 2006/07–2009/10

Command structures by race and rank, April 2007

Privates as a proportion of total personnel, April 2007

Command structures by sex and rank, April 2007

Department of Defence by arm of service, May 2010

Affirmative action in the South African National

Defence Force

Department of Defence employment equity targets measured against March 2010 employment

Deployment outside South Africa

Peacekeeping operations in Africa, 2000–10

Number of people deployed for peacekeeping operations in Africa, 2000–10

International comparisons

Military expenditure and armed forces personnel, 2009

PRIVATE SECURITY

Change in the number of security businesses, security officers, and sworn SAPS officials, 1997–2010

Number of active security officers and sworn police officials, 1997–2010

Active registered security businesses by sector, 2005–10

Active registered security businesses by sector, 2005–10 (proportions)

Active registered security businesses by province, 2005 and 2010

Eight pages are dedicated to families, including child-headed households, orphans, presence - or absence - of fathers, single parents, and teenage pregnancy. Human Development Index trends are tracked back to 1980. The chapter concludes with a new section on refugees and asylum seekers in addition to internal migration data, showing which provinces are gaining and which are losing people.

For more detail on what the chapter contains, you will find the complete table of contents below.

Table of Contents:

THE DEMOGRAPHICS PICTURE

South Africa at a glance

POPULATION PROFILE

Breakdown by race, age, and year, 1911–2040

Population by year and race, 1911–2025

Population by year and race, 1911 and 2011

Projected population by size, 2010–40

Projected population by age (proportions), 2010–40

Breakdown by race and year, 1992–2015

Population by race and year, 1992–2015

Breakdown by age, race, and sex, 2011

Population by age, race, and sex, 2011

Growth rate and forecasts by sex and race, 2001–40

Estimated annual population growth rates by sex, 2001–11

Annual population growth rate, 2010–40

Projected population by race, 2010 and 2025

Projected population by race (proportions), 2010–40

Projected population by race (proportions), 2010 and 2040

Projected relative population by sex, 2010–40

Average annual population growth, selected countries, 1990–95 and 2010–15

Average annual population growth, emerging markets, 1990–95 and 2010–15

Average annual population growth, selected African countries, 1990–95 and 2010–15

Breakdown by race and sex

Male/female population distribution by race, 2011

Breakdown by race and age

Estimated age profile by race, 2011 (actual numbers)

Estimated age profile by race, 2011 (proportions)

Breakdown by province

Population by province, 2011 mid-year estimates

Estimated average annual population growth rates by province, 2001–21

Breakdown by race and province

Projected population by race and province, 2012 and 2015 (actual numbers)

Projected population by race and province, 2012 and 2015 (proportions)

Population density

Population density by province, 2011

Breakdown by municipal area

Geography and demographics of district and metropolitan municipalities, 2009

Breakdown of district and metropolitan municipalities by race, sex, and age, 2007

Geographical distribution and urbanisation

Proportions of people living in urban areas by province and race, 1998, 2003, and 2008

Area size and population density of 16 selected urban areas, 2010

Population of 16 selected urban areas by race, 2000–10

Proportion of population by race of 16 selected urban areas, 2010

Urban and rural populations as a proportion of total population, selected countries, 1990 and 2010

Urban and rural populations as a proportion of total population, emerging markets, 1990 and 2010

Urban and rural populations as a proportion of total population, selected African countries, 1990 and 2010

Demographic indicators

Fertility rate

Fertility rate, 2001–11

Fertility rate by province, 2001–06 and 2006–11

Projected fertility rate, 2010–40

Adolescent fertility rate and total fertility rate, selected countries, 2009

Adolescent fertility rate and total fertility rate, emerging markets, 2009

Adolescent fertility rate and total fertility rate, selected African countries, 2009

Births

Birth rate, 2001–11

Recorded live births by sex, 1991–2010

Birth forecasts by numbers and rate, 2010–25

Birth forecasts by numbers, 2010-25

Births minus deaths, 1985–2025

Births minus deaths, 1985–2025

Mortality

Death rate, 2001–11

Number of registered deaths, 1997–2008

Number of deaths by age and sex, 2008

Projected mortality rate, 2010–40

Infant mortality rate, 2001–11

Infant and under five mortality rate, selected countries, 1990 and 2009

Adult mortality rates by sex, selected countries, 2005–09

Adult mortality rates by sex, emerging markets, 2005–09

Adult mortality rates by sex, selected African countries, 2005–09

Life expectancy

Life expectancy at birth by sex, 2001–11

Life expectancy by province and sex, 2001–06 and 2006–11

Projected life expectancy at birth by race, 1985–2025

Projected life expectancy at birth by sex, 2010–40

Life expectancy at birth, selected countries, 1990 and 2009

Survival to age 65 by sex (proportions), selected countries, 2009

Survival to age 65 by sex (proportions), emerging markets, 2009

Survival to age 65 by sex (proportions), selected African countries, 2009

Impact of HIV/AIDS

Estimated number and proportion of people HIV-positive, 2001–11

Proportion of people HIV-positive, 2001–11

Estimated effects of HIV/AIDS on total population, 2000–15

Estimated AIDS deaths by province, 2000–25

Estimated non-AIDS deaths by province, 2000–25

Estimated effects of HIV/AIDS on provincial populations, 2000–25

Projected impact of HIV/AIDS on the size of the South African population, 2000–40

Households

Household numbers and proportions by province, 2010

Household numbers by race, 2001–10

Household numbers and proportions by district and metropolitan municipalities, 2009

Families

Number of registered marriages, 2003–09

Number and proportion of children by province, 2009

Number and proportion of child-headed households by province, 2002–09

Number and proportion of orphans by province, 2009

Number and proportion of orphans by race, 2009

Number of orphans, selected African countries, 2009

Projections of orphans in South Africa, 2010–25

Proportion of children living with their parents by race, 2009

Children living in skip generation households by race, 2009

Proportion of children with/without fathers by race, 1996–2009

Proportion of women who had given birth by age, race, and marital status, 2001

Proportion of teenage girls who had ever been pregnant by province, 2002 and 2008

Teenage fertility rate, 1987–2008

Number and proportion of households by household type, 2009

Dependency ratio, selected countries

Religion

Major religious affiliations in South Africa, 2001 (numbers and proportions)

Changes in religious affiliation, 1980–2001

Language

Breakdown of home languages, 2001

Human Development Index

Human Development Index, selected countries, 1990–2010

South African Human Development Index, 1980–2010

Human Development Index, selected countries, 1980–2010

Human Development Index rankings, selected countries, 2000–10

Human Development Index rankings, emerging markets, 2000–10

Human Development Index rankings, selected African countries, 2000–10

MIGRATION

Estimated internal migration by province, 2006–11

Immigration

Residence permits issued, 2009/10

International migration, 1940–2004

Annual rate of immigration growth, selected countries, 1960–2005

Refugees and asylum seekers

Asylum applications, 2009/10

Refugees and asylum seekers by country of asylum, selected countries, 2010

Refugees and asylum seekers by country of asylum, emerging markets, 2010

Refugees and asylum seekers by country of asylum, selected African countries, 2010

A review of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) includes a breakdown of real growth and income trends from 1961-2010, a breakdown of gross value added by sector from 1951-2010, and a look at provincial and local economies. Detailed inflation and interest rates data goes back to 1976. The inflation section includes a detailed analysis of regulated administered prices. The chapter further includes a comprehensive section on the composition of both local and foreign investment in the country. The public finance section looks at both revenue and expenditure. Short and long-term comparisons of public finance are also featured.

For more detail on what the chapter contains, you will find the complete table of contents below.

Table of Contents:

THE MACRO-ECONOMIC PICTURE

South Africa at a glance

LEADING INDICATORS

Local indicators

Major indicators, 1955–2010

Current account surplus/deficit as proportion of GDP, 1955–2010

Further major indicators, 1993–2011

Key indicators and forecasts, 2008–14

International comparisons

Key economic indicators and forecasts, selected countries

Spending, savings, and trade as proportion of GDP, selected countries, 2009

Spending, savings, and trade as proportion of GDP, emerging markets, 2009

Spending, savings, and trade as proportion of GDP, selected African countries, 2009

ECONOMIC PROFILE

Gross domestic product

Real growth and income levels and trends, 1961–2010

Real total gross domestic product, 1961–2010

Real annual economic growth, 1961–2010

Real GDP and personal disposable income per capita, 1961–2010

Real GDP per head, 1965–2013

GDP growth, 1910–2015

Income and rankings, selected countries, 2009

GDP per capita average annual growth, selected countries, 1970–2008

Structure of GDP

Breakdown by industry of gross value added, 1951 and 2010

Breakdown of gross value added by industry, 1951–2010 (proportions)

Expenditure on gross domestic product, 1950–2010

Type of expenditure as proportion of gross domestic product (GDP)

Provincial and local economies

Provincial economies

Regional GDP and GDP growth trends, 1995–2009

Average annual economic growth, 2002–2009

Gross domestic product (GDP) by province, 2008–2010

GDP per head by province, 1996–2010

GDP by province and industry, 2009 (actual numbers)

GDP by province and industry, 2009 (proportions)

Provincial contribution to GDP and national population, 2009

Urban economies

Economic indicators for 16 selected urban areas

Inflation and interest rates

Inflation and interest rates, 1976–2010

Inflation rates, 1976–2010

Interest rates, 1976–2010

Componets of CPI, 2010

CPI by province and area, 2009–10

Group and product inflation for all urban areas, 2009 - 2010

Regulated administered prices in South Africa

CPI and CPI for administered prices and food, 2009–2010

Administered prices average annual inflation, 2009–2011

Repurchase (repo) rate, dates of change

Saving

Personal saving, household debt, and gross domestic saving, 1960–2010

Saving, 1960–2010

Investment

All investment

Real gross fixed capital formation (GFCF), 1960–2010

Investment (GFCF) as a proportion of GDP, 1960–2010

Annual change in investment, 1960–2010

Investment by type of investment, 1998–2010

Investment by type of investment (proportions), 2000 and 2010

Investment by type of investor, 1960–2010

Private investment as proportion of total investment, 1960–2010

GFCF by kind of economic activity, 1960–2010

Foreign investment

Inward investment

Foreign liabilities (foreign investment in South Africa), 1975–2009

Foreign liabilities (foreign investment in South Africa), 1956–2009

Foreign liabilities (foreign investment in South Africa), 1999–2009

Foreign direct investment inflow/outflow, 1994–2010

Foreign liabilities (foreign investment in South Africa) by region at 31st December 2009

Foreign direct investment (FDI) in South Africa by kind of economic activity, 1989–2009

Foreign direct investment (FDI) in South Africa by kind of economic activity as a proportion of total FDI, 1989–2009

Outward investment

Foreign assets (South African investment in other countries), 1975–2009

Foreign assets (South African investment in other countries) by region at 31st December 2009

Foreign African assets (South African investment in Africa), 1994–2009

Foreign African assets (South African investment in Africa) by country at 31st December 2009

International comparisons

FDI flows (inward) as proportion of GFCF, selected countries, 2003–2010

FDI stock as proportion of GDP, selected countries, 2003–2010

FDI flows (inward) as proportion of GFCF and FDI stock as proportion of GDP, emerging markets, 2003–2010

FDI flows (inward) as proportion of GFCF and FDI stock as proportion of GDP, selected African countries, 2003–2010

Top ten recipients of FDI inflows in Africa, 2009–10

The exchange rate

The rand/euro and rand/pound exchange rate, 1990–2010

The value of the rand in euros and pounds, 1990–2010

The rand/dollar and real effective exchange rates, 1970–2010

The value of the rand in dollars, 1970–2010

Index of real effective exchange rate (average), 1990–2010

Weighting of 15 currencies in the ‘basket’ against which the rand is measured

Trade

South Africa’s chief trading partners, 2010

South Africa’s trade with the world, 2010

South Africa’s exports by region, 2010

Imports to South Africa by area, 2010 (proportions)

Exports from South Africa by area, 2010 (proportions)

South Africa’s trade with emerging markets, 2010

South Africa’s trade with selected African countries, 2010

Composition of exports and imports, 1990–2010

Exports from South Africa by sector, 1990–2010 (proportions)

Imports to South Africa by sector, 1990–2010 (proportions)

Growth in export and import value, 1990–2009

Exports of goods and services as a proportion of GDP, selected countries, 1995 and 2009

Average London gold price, 1946–2011

Brent crude oil and platinum prices, 1981–2010

Oil price, 1981–2010

Crude oil prices, 1861–2010

Crude oil prices, 1861–2010, constant 2010 prices

PUBLIC FINANCE

Revenue and taxation

All tax revenues

Total tax revenue, 2003/04–2008/09

National revenues

Government finance as a proportion of GDP, 1977–2014

Income tax as a proportion of GDP, 1977–2014

Composition of national tax revenue, selected years, 1984/85–2011/12

Tax revenue by main source, 1994/95, 2004/05, 2009/10, and 2010/11

Tax revenue by main source as proportion of GDP, 1994/95, 2004/05, 2009/10 and 2010/11

Number of registered taxpayers, 2002/03–2010/11

Maximum marginal tax rates, 2002/03–2010/11

Individual taxpayers

What we will pay in 2010/11—2011/12

Number of taxpayers, 2006/07–2009/10

Summary of taxable income and tax assessed, 2002/03 - 2009/10

Assessed individual taxpayers by selected taxable income groups, 2006–2009

Number of assessed individual taxpayers and tax assessed, 2008

Taxable income and tax assessed by age group, 2006 and 2009

Taxable income and tax assessed by sex, 2006 and 2009

Proportion of assessed individual taxpayers by age, 2006–2009

Tax assessed by sector and economic activity, 2006 and 2009

Assessed individual taxpayers’ tax assessed by selected sector, 2009

Taxable income and tax assessed by province, 2006 and 2009

Taxpayers by province, 2009 (proportions)

Corporate taxpayers

Taxable income and tax assessed by sector and economic activity, 2006 and 2008

Company tax assessed for selected sectors, 2008

Tax assessments, 2006/07–2009/10

Number of companies and tax assessed for companies with taxable income greater than zero, 2008

International comparisons

Top personal income tax rates, selected countries, 1985–2009

Tax revenue, 2009, and business tax, selected countries, 2010

Tax revenue, 2009, and business tax, emerging markets, 2010

Tax revenue, 2009, and business tax, selected African countries, 2010

Budget 2010/2011

Breakdown of consolidated national and provincial spending by function and proportion, 2011/12–2013/14

Changes in consolidated national and provincial spending by function over seven years, 2007/08–2013/14

Breakdown of consolidated national and provincial spending as a proportion of total spending, 2007/08–2013/14

Where is it all going?, 2007/08 and 2011/12

Key allocations as a proportion of the budget, 2007/08 - 2013/14

Major spending components, 2007/08–2013/14

Major spending components, 2007/08 and 2013/14

Public infrastructure expenditure by sector, 2010/11 - 2013/14

Key indicators and forecasts, 2008–14

Consolidated budget vs GDP, 2011/12–2013/14

Division of revenue between spheres of government, 2011/12–2014/15

Longer-term budgetary trends

Expenditure

Expenditure allocations, 1994/95 and 2013/14

Expenditure under the new constitution, 1995–2014

Budgets and GDP

National government finance as a percentage of GDP, 1961–2015

Deficit

Budget deficit/surplus (actual and projected), 1960/61–2014/15

Public debt

Total debt of government, 1982–2014

Foreign debt as proportion of GDP, 1982–2014

Government debt as proportion of GDP, 1982–2014

International comparisons

Budget balance as a proportion of GDP, selected countries, 2011

Provincial budgets

Consolidated budgets

Summary of expenditure outcomes by province, 2009/10–2010/11

Provincial own revenue collection, 2009/10–2010/11

Provincial personnel expenditure, 2010/11

Provincial education expenditure, 2010/11

Provincial capital expenditure on education, 2010/11

Provincial health expenditure, 2010/11

Provincial capital expenditure on health, 2010/11

Provincial capital expenditure on health, growth, 2009/10–2010/11

Municipal finance: six metros

Outstanding consumer debtors, as at 31st December 2009 and 2010

Change in municipal metro debt, 2009–2010

Breakdown of total municipal debt by metro, 2009 and 2010

FORECASTS OF KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS, 2012–15

The detailed sub-sections provide a comprehensive picture of the state of resources in public and private schools, and also provides comprehensive data on examinations and outputs. The chapter also includes a detailed overview of public higher education.

For more detail on what the chapter contains, you will find the complete table of contents below.

Table of Contents:

THE EDUCATION PICTURE

South Africa at a glance

FINANCE

Overall spending

Basic and provincial education spending, 2009/10–2013/14

Higher and further education spending, 2009/10–2013/14

All education spending, 2009/10–2013/14

Public education spending as a proportion of total government spending, 1996/97–2009/10

Public total education spending and public school spending as a proportion of GDP, 1995/96–2008/09

Spending on school education

Per capita expenditure for whites and Africans on school education, 1953-1993

Spending per pupil by province, 2000/01–2009/10

Real spending per pupil in ordinary public schools by province, 2000–2007

University spending

State spending on universities, 2000 and 2010

State budget allocation according to institution and spending per university and student, 2010

International comparisons

Public spending on education as a proportion of total government spending, and of GDP, selected countries, 2009

Public spending on education as a proportion of total government spending, and of GDP, emerging markets, 2009

Public spending on education as a proportion of total government spending, and of GDP, selected African countries, 2009

QUALIFICATION PROFILE OF THE POPULATION

National Qualifications Framework (NQF)

Levels of education in South Africa

Level of education

National statistics

No schooling

Adults without education by race

Persons aged 20 and older, with no schooling by race, 2002 and 2010 (actual numbers)

Persons aged 20 and older with no schooling by race, 2002 and 2010 (proportions)

School education

Adults who have completed grade 9 by race

Persons aged 20 and older who have completed grade 9 by race, 2002 and 2010 (actual numbers)

Persons aged 20 and older who have completed grade 9 by race, 2002 and 2010 (proportions)

Adults who have completed grade 12 by race

Persons aged 20 and older who have completed grade 12 by race, 2002 and 2010 (actual numbers)

Persons aged 20 and older who have completed grade 12 by race, 2002 and 2010 (proportions)

Post-school education

Adults who have completed post-school education by race

Persons aged 20 and older, who have completed post-school education by race, 2002 and 2010 (actual numbers)

Persons aged 20 and older, who have completed post-school education by race, 2002 and 2010 (proportions)

Literacy and numeracy

Children

Grade 3 literacy by province, 2001, 2007 and 2011

Grade 3 numeracy by province, 2001, 2007 and 2011

Persons aged 15 and older

Persons aged 15 and older who can write their own name, by race, 2010

Persons aged 15 and older who can read, by race, 2010

Persons aged 15 and older who are numerate, by race, 2010

International comparisons

Adult literacy, selected countries, 2008

Youth literacy rate by sex, selected countries, 2006–09

Provincial and local statistics

EDUCATIONAL ATTENDANCE

Breakdown by age

Proportion of population aged between 4 and 6 attending an educational institution, 2002–07

Proportion of population aged between 7 and 15 attending an educational institution, 2002–09

Proportion of population aged between 7 and 15 attending an educational institution by sex, 2002–08

Proportion of population aged between 16 and 18 attending an educational institution by sex, 2002–2007

Proportion of people aged between 5 and 24 attending an educational institution, 2002–2008

Breakdown by institution

Population attending an educational institution, by type of institution, 2009–10

Population attending an educational institution, by type of institution and race, 2010

Proportion of population attending an educational institution by province, 2008

Breakdown by fee payment

Proportion of people attending an educational institution who pay annual tuition fees, 2002–10

SCHOOLING

Enrolment

Early childhood development centres

Population aged between 0 and 4 attending an Early Childhood Development (ECD) centre, by race, 2010

Population aged between 0 and 4 attending an Early Childhood Development (ECD) centre, by province, 2010

Gross enrolment rate (GER) at Early Childhood Development sites, 2002–07

Grade R

Enrolment by sex in grade R at sites attached to independent and public schools, 1999–2007

Primary and secondary enrolment

Gross enrolment rate (GER) at primary school level, 1985, 1991, 1995, 1997–2007

Net enrolment rate (NER) of children aged between 7 and 13, 1997–2005

Gross enrolment rate (GER) at secondary school level, 1985, 1991, 1995, 1997–2009

Net enrolment rate (NER) of children aged between 14 and 18, 1997–2005

All schools

Enrolment by grade at ordinary public and independent schools, 2000 and 2010

Pupils at independent and public schools by province, 2000 to 2010

Resources

Public schools

Number of public schools

Public schools by province, 2000 and 2010

Number of Dinaledi schools by province, 2002–08

Number of former Model C schools in South Africa, 2009

Pupils and teachers

Pupils and teachers at public schools by province, 2010

Pupils and teachers at public schools, 2004 and 2010

Pupils

Number of pupils in ordinary schools, by province and race, 2009

Number of pupils in ordinary schools, by home language and province, 2009

Number of pupils in ordinary schools, by preference of the pupil’s language of learning and teaching and province, 2009

Number of no-fee schools, and of pupils attending no-fee schools, 2010

Pupils at farm schools by province, 1996 and 2000

Pupils in receipt of social grants by province, 2007 and 2008

Teachers

Teachers employed by School Governing Bodies (SGBs)

Number of teachers employed by school governing bodies, 1997, 2004, 2007–09

Teacher qualifications

Proportion of teachers that are qualified by race: 1990, 1994, 2005–09

Proportion of teachers that are qualified: 1990, 1994, 2005–09

Qualified mathematics and physical science teachers by province, 2008

Teacher intake

First-time registrations in teaching at tertiary institutions, 2005–08

Number of new graduates entering teaching, 2005–08

Teacher vacancies

Vacancies by province, 2008

Teacher appointments

Teaching appointments, 2009

Temporary teachers

Number of temporary teachers byprovince at January 2010

Facilities and amenities

Public schools and toilets, 2011

Public schools and source of water supply, 2011

Public schools and source of electricity supply, 2011

Public schools and communications systems, 2011

Public schools and laboratory facilities, 2011

Public schools and computer facilities, 2011

Public schools and library facilities, 2011

Safety in schools

Public schools and safety, 2011

Discipline in schools

Expulsions by province, 2008 and 2009

Pregnancy in schools

Number of pupils who got pregnant in ordinary schools, by province and grade, 2008

Independent schools

Independent schools by province, 2000, 2005, and 2010

Pupils and teachers at independent schools by province, 2010

Pupils at independent schools by race and province, 2003–08

Changes in schools

All schools and pupils

Schools

Pupils

Examinations and output

Public examinations

National Senior Certificate Grade 12, also known as Matric

Overall results

Senior certificate examination results, 1980–2007 (old curriculum)

National senior certificate examination results, 2008–2010 (new curriculum)

Results by province

Senior certificate examination results by province, 1994, 1998, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007 (old curriculum)

Results by race and province

Pass rate by race and province, 2010 (new curriculum)

African results, 1955–2010

African results, 1955–2010

Subject results

Results in selected senior certificate examination subjects, 1999–2007 (old curriculum)

New curriculum: 15 selected subjects, 2010

Technical subjects, 2010

Languages, 2010

Mathematics results in Dinaledi and other schools, 2010

Physical science results in Dinaledi and other schools, 2010

South Africa’s Top schools

Results in South Africa’s Top 100 schools, 2008

The poorest schools that achieved pass rates of 100%, 2009

Results by race and type of school, 2009

Pass rates by race and type of school, 2009

Passes by race and type of school, 2009 (actual numbers)

Passes by race and type of school, 2009 (proportions by type of school)

Passes by race and type of school, 2009 (proportions by race)

Pass rates by race and type of school, 2009

Throughput

Throughput, 2008–2010

Independent Examinations Board

Examination results

Independent Examinations Board senior certificate examination results, 1994–2010

International schooling comparisons

The quality of schooling

Reading achievement, grade 4, 2006

The school system, 2008

School enrolment rates

Selected countries, 2008

OTHER EDUCATION

Further education and training (FET)

Further education and training colleges

Enrolments for NC (V) levels by province, 2011

Enrolments for NC (V) levels, 2011

NC (V) results per programme, 2009

Further education and training colleges by province, 2010

FET colleges in South Africa, 2009

Vocational training and apprentices

Pupils who took trade tests through Indlela, 2006/07–2008/09

Number of apprentices that entered apprenticeship training through apprenticeship contracts with Sector Education and Training Authorities (Setas), 2006/07–2008/09

Nursing

Output of nurses, private and public institutions, 2000–10

Agricultural colleges

Enrolments for diplomas, higher certificates, and degrees by race and sex at colleges of agriculture, 2006

Enrolments by programme at colleges of agriculture in 2006

PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION

Enrolment

Higher education participation rate

Higher education participation rates by race, 2010

First year enrolment

Number of undergraduate students enrolling for their first year of study, 2004–10

South African universities

Tertiary enrolment

University and university of technology enrolment, 1985–2009

Head-count enrolment at universities and universities of technology by race, 1995–2009 (actual numbers)

Head-count enrolment at universities and universities of technology by race, 1995–2009 (proportions)

University head-count by race, 1999–2009 (actual numbers)

University head-count by race, 1999 and 2009 (actual numbers)

University head-count by race, 1999–2009 (proportions)

University head-count by race, 1999 and 2009 (proportions)

University of technology head-count by race, 1999–2009 (actual numbers)

University of technology head-count by race, 1999 and 2009 (actual numbers)

University of technology head-count by race, 1999–2009 (proportions)

University of technology head-count by race, 1999 and 2009 (proportions)

Staff

University staff and students

Students, staff and ratio of students to staff, 2009 and 2010

Output

Publications

Publications by university

Publication of articles, books and conference proceedings, 2009

Tertiary awards

All awards

Degrees, diplomas, and certificates awarded by universities and universities of technology by field of study, 1996, 2006 and 2009

Degrees

University and university of technology awards by race and subject, 1991 and 2009 (actual numbers): degrees

University and university of technology awards by race and subject, 1991 and 2009 (vertical proportions): degrees

University and university of technology awards by race and subject, 1991 and 2009 (horizontal proportions): degrees

Output of universities and universities of technology, 2010 (actual numbers)

Proportion of graduates in science, engineering, and technology (SET) in higher education, 1994–2008

PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION

Officially registered private higher institutions, 2011

Private higher education institutions in South Africa, 2011

WORK AND EDUCATION

Education and employment

Education and employment

Employment by highest level of education, 2010 and 2011 (numbers)

Employment by highest level of education, 2010 and 2011 (proportions)

Education and unemployment

Unemployment by highest level of education, 2010 and 2011 (actual numbers)

Unemployment by highest level of education, 2010 and 2011 (proportions)

Particular features are a new section on the ownership of various assets, including racial breakdowns, a section dedicated to employment in the public sector, and unemployment trends spanning 17 years. The chapter also shows changing patterns of inequality and Living Standards Measures over the last decade, analysed by race and province.

For more detail on what the chapter contains, you will find the complete table of contents below.

Table of Contents:

THE EMPLOYMENT AND INCOMES PICTURE

South Africa at a glance

THE OVERALL EMPLOYMENT PICTURE

Labour market trends

Labour market trends 2001 and 2011

Labour market trends, 2010–11

Labour market participation and absorption rates

Labour market participation rate, 2001–11

Labour market participation rate by race and sex, 2011

Labour force participation and unemployment rates, selected countries, 1990 and 2009

Labour force absorption rate, 2001–11

Economically active population

Definition

Economically active population by race, 2001–11

Economically active population by race and sex, 2011

EMPLOYMENT

Overall employment by economic sector and industry, 2001, 2010, and 2011

Overall employment by economic sector and industry, 2001–11

Change in overall employment by economic sector and industry, 2001–11 and 2010–11

Employment by industry, sex, and race

Employment by industry and sex, 2001 and 2011

Employment by industry, sex, and race, 2011 (actual numbers)

Employment by industry, sex, and race, 2011 (proportions)

Employment by occupation

Employment by occupation, 2001 and 2011

Proportion of employment by occupation, 2001 and 2011

Employment by occupation, race, and sex, 2011 (actual numbers)

Employment by occupation, race, and sex, 2011 (proportions)

Employment equity

Employment equity employment by occupation, race, and sex, 2010 (proportions)

Employment equity top management employment by race, sex, and industry, 2009

Employment equity proportion of employed with disabilities, 2001–2010

Employment in management by race and sex, 2000–10

Breakdown of top management by race and sex, 2010

Proportion of black employees in the workforce at different levels of seniority, 1994–2010

Segments of the working population

Non-agricultural, non-domestic formal sector

Non-agricultural, non-domestic, formal private and public sector employment, 2010–2011

Formal sector (non-agricultural) employment by industry, 2006–11

Agriculture

Employment in agriculture by sector, 2001–11

Number of paid workers in the formal agricultural sector by province, 2007

Number of paid workers in the formal agricultural sector, 2007–09

Expanded Public Works Programme

Number and average length of work opportunities created by the EPWP, 2004/05–2010/11

Informal sector

Informal sector employment (non-agricultural) by industry, 2006–11

Employment in the public sector

The public service

State employees as a proportion of total employment, 1999–2011

Number of state employees by sex, 2011

Number of state employees by race, 2011

Proportion of state employees by race, 2011

Breakdown of state employees by race and sex, 2011

Proportion of state employees with disabilities, 2010

Number of state employees by level of management, 2010

Number of employees in national departments and agencies by race, 2011

State-owned enterprises and public institutions

Number and proportion of employees in state-owned enterprises by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public institutions reporting to the Department of Tansport by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public institutions reporting to the Department of Communications by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public financial institutions by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public institutions reporting to the Department of Science and Technology by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public institutions reporting to the Department of Trade and Industry by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public institutions reporting to the Department of Labour by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public institutions reporting to the Department of Home Affairs by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public institutions reporting to the Department of Defence and Military Veterans by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public institutions reporting to the Presidency by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public institutions reporting to the Department of Tourism by race, 2011

Number and proportion of employees in public institutions reporting to the Department of Sport and Recreation by race, 2011

Employees of general government

Number of employees by level of government, 2010

Characteristics of the employed

Employment by age group, 2011

Employment by highest level of education, 2011

UNEMPLOYMENT

Statistics

Unemployment numbers by race, 1994–2011 (official and expanded definition)

Number of unemployed (official definition), 1994–2011

Number of unemployed (expanded definition), 1994–2011

Unemployment rate by race, 1994–2011 (official and expanded definition)

Unemployment rate (official definition), 1994–2011

Unemployment rate (expanded definition), 1994–2011

Unemployment by industry and occupation, 2011

Characteristics of the unemployed

Categories of unemployed people, 2011

Unemployment by age group, 2011

Unemployment rate by age group, 2011

Unemployment numbers and rate by age, race, and sex, 2011

Unemployment by highest level of education, 2011

Unemployment by length of time, 2011

International comparisons

Unemployment rates, selected countries, 2011

Unemployment rates, emerging markets, 2010

UNDERUTILISATION AND NON-PARTICIPATION OF LABOUR

Not economically active

Persons not economically active, 2011

Underutilisation

Underutilisation of labour, 2011

Underemployment

Time-related underemployment by industry, 2011

Time-related underemployment by occupation, 2011

Discouraged workseekers

Discouraged workseekers by race, 2001–11

Discouraged workseekers by race and sex, 2010–11

PROVINCIAL LABOUR MARKET DATA

Overall data

Economically active population by province, 2011

Trends

Labour market trends by province, 2010–11

Change in unemployment rate by province, 2010–11

Unemployment

Unemployment numbers by province, 2005–11

Unemployment rate by province, 2005–11

MUNICIPAL LABOUR MARKET DATA

Labour market status

Labour market status by race, 2007

ASSETS, INCOME, AND EXPENDITURE

Assets

Various assets

Ownership of certain assets, actual numbers, 2011

Ownership of certain assets, by type of asset, 2011

Ownership of certain assets by race, 2011

Ownership of certain assets by type and race, 2011

Value of certain assets by type and race, 2011

Asset ownership and debt by race, 2011

Property ownership by race, 2011

Home ownership by race, 2010 (actual numbers)

Home ownership by race, 2010 (proportions)

Assets on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE)

Total ownership of the JSE, 2000 and 2010

JSE ownership, 2000 and 2010

Total ownership of the JSE, 2000 and 2010

Total individual ownership of the JSE by race, 2000 and 2010

Ownership of JSE mandated funds by race, 2000 and 2010

Direct JSE share ownership by race, 2000 and 2010

Direct JSE share ownership, 2000 and 2010

Direct JSE share ownership by race, 2000 and 2010

Ownership of shares in JSE retirement funds by race, 1995–2010

Wage trends

Average monthly earnings in formal non-agricultural industries, 2010–11 (current prices)

Average monthly earnings in formal non-agricultural industries, 2010–11 (constant prices)

Average monthly earnings in formal non-agricultural employment in the public and private sectors, 2000–10

Breakdown of monthly earnings by sex, 2010

Breakdown of monthly earnings by race, 2010

Breakdown of monthly earnings by highest level of education, 2010

Breakdown of monthly earnings by province, 2010

Breakdown of monthly earnings by sector, 2010

Breakdown of monthly earnings by occupation, 2010

Number of paid employees in agriculture and average monthly earnings by province, 2007

Incomes

Income levels and categories

Households

Number of households by annual income category and province, 2010

Number of households by annual income category, 2010

Proportion of households by annual income category and province, 2010

Individuals

Adults by race, income group, and sex, 2009 (actual numbers)

Adults by race and income group, 2009 (actual numbers)

Adults by race, income group, and sex, 2009 (proportions)

Adults by income group and province, 2009 (actual numbers)

Adults by income group and province, 2009 (proportions)

Adults by income group and highest level of education, 2009 (actual numbers)

Adults by income group and highest level of education, 2009 (proportions)

Income group growth rates by race, 2009–2010

Number and proportion of affluent individuals by race, age, and province, 2009

Income sources

Households’ sources of income by race, 2010

Number and proportion of small-scale non-metro households with access to land by main source of income, 2006

Income inequality

Gini co-efficient by race and location, 1993, 2000, and 2008

Gini co-efficient by race, 1996–2010

Gini co-efficient by province and race, 2010

Income trends

Very long-term income trends

Long-term income trends

Medium-term income trends

Aggregate income

Annual total disposable income by race, 1996–2010

Proportion of annual total disposable income by race, 1996 and 2010

Household income

Annual average household income by race, 1996–2010

Annual average household income by race, 1996 and 2010

Annual average household income by province, 1996–2010

Personal income

Personal annual income per head by province, 1996–2010

Annual per capita income by race, 1996–2010

Annual per capita income by race, 1996 and 2010

Expenditure

Monthly household expenditure categories by race, 2009–10

Monthly household expenditure categories by race and sex, 2010

Household expenditure categories by sex, 2010

Expenditure by race and main expenditure group (proportions), 2008

Consumption

Distribution of final household consumption by main expenditure group, 1950–2010

Final household consumption expenditure, 2010

Final consumption expenditure by households, 1960–2010

Living Standards Measures

Living standards measures by age, race, income, and province, 2010

LSMs, change over time, 2001–10

Proportion change in LSMs, 2001–2010

POVERTY

National trends

Number and proportion of people living on less than $2 a day, 1996–2010

Number of people living on less than $2 a day, 1996–2010

Number of people living in relative poverty by race, 1996–2010

Proportion of people living in relative poverty by race, 1996–2010

Provincial trends

Number of people living on less than $2 a day by province, 1996–2010

Proportion of people living on less than $2 a day by province, 1996–2010

Poverty levels: people living in poverty by province and race, 2010 (actual numbers)

Poverty levels: people living in poverty by province and race, 2010 (proportions)

Municipal poverty

There is also information on how much South Africa spends on social welfare both as a proportion of total government expenditure and as a proportion of GDP. The section concludes with an account of the dependency debate surrounding social grants and their sustainability.

For more detail on what the chapter contains, you will find the complete table of contents below.

Table of Contents:

THE HEALTH AND WELFARE PICTURE

South Africa at a glance

HEALTH INDICATORS

Mortality

Infant and under-five mortality

Infant mortality rate by province, 1994–2010

Under-five mortality rate by province, 1994–2010

Under-five mortality rate, selected countries, 1970–2010

Under-five mortality rate, emerging markets, 1970–2010

Under-five mortality rate, selected African countries,
 1970–2010

Still birth rate by province, 2003/04–2008/09

Still birth rate by district municipality, 2003/04–2008/09

Maternal mortality

Number of maternal deaths, 2006–10

Unnecessary deaths of mothers, 2005–07

Causes of death

Leading causes of death, 2004–08

Causes of death by race, 2008

Causes of death, all races, 2008

Death by age and year of death

Deaths by age and year of death, 1997–2008

Termination of pregnancy

Termination of pregnancy by province, 1997–2010

Termination of pregnancy by age, 2001–06

Nutrition

Severe malnutrition among under fives, 2001–08

Severe malnutrition among under fives by province,
 2001–10

Household food adequacy by province, 2010

Diseases

Diarrhoea

Diarrhoea incidence among under fives by province,
 2001–10

Malaria

Malaria cases and deaths, 1971–2009

Malaria deaths, 1971–2009

Measles

Reported cases of measles by province, 2009–10

Reported cases of measles by province, 2010

Tuberculosis (TB)

TB cases and pulmonary TB cases reported, 1995–2007

Total TB cases, 1995–2007

TB treatment rate, 1994–2008

Reported TB deaths by province, 2006–08

Incidence of TB, selected countries, 2009

Incidence of TB, emerging markets, 2009

Incidence of TB, selected African countries, 2009

HIV and AIDS

Current data

Population segments living with HIV/AIDS

South African population as a proportion of world
 population, 2009

South African HIV/AIDS cases as a proportion of world
 HIV/AIDS cases, 2009

Number of people living with HIV/AIDS by province,
 1 July 2011

Proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS by province,
 1 July 2011

Historical trends

All infections

New HIV infections by year, 1999–2010

Adult infection

Estimated adult HIV-prevalence rates by race, 1991-2010

Female infection

HIV infection rates of women attending public antenatal
 clinics, 1992–2009

HIV infection rates of women attending public antenatal
 clinics by province, 1992–2009

HIV infection rates of women attending public antenatal
 clinics by province, 2009

HIV infection rates of women attending public antenatal
 clinics by age, 1997–2009

Projected prevalence rates

HIV prevalence rate by province, 2002–25

Estimated HIV prevalence rates, 2002–25

Estimated number of persons in need of ART and persons
 receiving ART, 2005–11

Proportion of children receiving ART, 2005-10

International comparisons

Regional HIV/AIDS statistics, 2003–09

HIV prevalence among adults aged 15–24 by sex, selected
 countries, 2009

HEALTH RESOURCES AND SERVICES

Expenditure

Provincial health budget allocations, 2011/12

Consolidated national and provincial spending
 1994/95–2013/14

Health expenditure, selected countries, 2009

Health expenditure, emerging markets, 2009

Health expenditure, selected African countries, 2009

Medical insurance

Medical aid beneficiaries by province, 2004–10

Beneficiaries by province as a proportion of provincial
 population, 2010

Beneficiaries of medical aid schemes, 1997–2009

Medical aid coverage by province and race, 2010

Medical aid coverage by race, 2010

National Health Insurance (NHI)

Medical personnel

University health science awards by race, 2001–06

University health science awards, 2001–06

Number of medical graduates by institution, 2004–08

Number of public medical personnel vacancies by province,
 2009

Number of public sector doctors by province, 2000–11

Number of public sector professional nurses by province,
 2000–11

Public sector people-to-doctor and people-to-nurse ratio,
 2011

Output of nurses, private and public, 2000–10

Government nursing colleges by province, 2009

Physicians per 1 000 people, selected countries, 2003–09

Hospitals and clinics

Bed utilisation rate, 2010

Number of beds in public and private sector hospitals
 by province, 2009 and 2010

Number of hospitals in each province, 2010 and 2011

Proportion of hospitals, private and public sectors,
 2010 and 2011

Number of hospital beds per 1 000 people, selected countries,
 2003-08

Vaccination

Immunisation coverage of children under one year, 2000–10

Rates of immunisation and TB treatment, selected countries,
 2008 and 2009

Blood transfusion

Blood donation by race, 2006–09

Circumcisions

Male circumcision by province, 2009

Condom use

Proportion of condom use among adults, 2002–2008

WELFARE

Welfare budget

National and provincial welfare budget allocations,
 2011/12–2013/14

Welfare personnel and services

Population to social worker ratio by province, 2010

Welfare administration

South African Social Security Agency (SASSA): Functions

Social grants

Beneficiaries of social grants, 2001–2012/13

Social grant beneficiaries by province, 2010/11

Type of grant as a proportion of total grants, 2001–2011/12

Type of grant expenditure as a proportion of total grant
 expenditure, 2010/11

Proportion of total grant expenditure per grant type,
 2010/11

Total social grant beneficiaries as a proportion of total
 national population, 2001–2011/12

Selected social grant beneficiaries as a proportion of total
 national population, 2001–2011/12

Old-age grant recipients as a proportion of over 60s,
 2001–12

Grants as proportion of total government expenditure,
 2001-2010/11

Social grant expenditure as a proportion of GDP,
 2003/04-2009/10

Increase in old-age grant in real terms, 1994-2010

Increase in value of social grants, April 2006–April 2011

Growth in child support grant recipient numbers and 
/payments, October 1998–May 2008

Disability grant, 2001–2012/13

Number of people with disabilities by sex, 1996–2009

War veterans grant, 2001–2012/13

Policy matters

The dependency debate

The regular section on land reform includes a new section on the racial breakdown of land ownership. Additional new information includes a breakdown of the South African housing market by income and the number of home loans granted by individual income category. There is also a new section on insurance. The communications and transportation sections, including information on road conditions, conclude the chapter.

For more detail on what the chapter contains, you will find the complete table of contents below.

Table of Contents:

THE LIVING CONDITIONS PICTURE

South Africa at a glance

OVERVIEW OF CHANGES

Changes over fourteen years

Changes by household, 1996 and 2010 (actual numbers)

Household and housing changes, 1996 and 2010 (actual numbers)

Household types and facilities, 1996 and 2010 (proportions)

LAND OWNERSHIP

State-owned and privately-owned land by province, March 2011

Privately-owned land by province and race, 2001 (hectares)

Privately-owned land by province and race, 2001 (proportions)

Land delivered to land reform beneficiaries per year through the land redistribution programme, 2001/02–2009/10

Racial breakdown of privately-owned land after land distribution from the 2001/02 financial year

LAND REFORM

Land restitution

Land restitution claims and settlements by province, 1995–2010

Restitution claims settled/to be settled, 2010

Proportion of restitution claims outstanding by province as at March 2010

Restitution hectares transferred, land costs, and costs of financial compensation, 1994/05–2008/09

Number of farms and hectares that could have been purchased with financial compensation money

Land redistribution

Land Redistribution for Agricultural Development (LRAD) under the Land and Agrarian Reform Programme (LARP) delivery figures and targets by province, 2009/10

Land redistribution progress as at March 2010

Proportion of land redistribution target met by province as at March 2010

Number of outstanding hectares to be redistributed by province as at March 2010

The 30% land-redistribution-by-2025 scenario

Farms acquired for emerging farmers and cost of acquiring them, as at August 2009

Land tenure reform

Number of beneficiaries of redistribution and tenure programme by province, 2005/06–2009/10

Draft Land Tenure Security Bill: implications

WATER AND SANITATION

Water

Free basic water

Delivery of free basic water by province by 31 March 2011

Households with access to free basic water, 2001/02–2009/10

Households with access to free basic water, 2001/02–2009/10 (proportions)

All water

National data

Household water sources by race, 2010 (actual numbers)

Household water sources by race, 2010 (proportions)

Household access to portable water, 1993/94–2009/10

Households without water in the dwelling or on site by race and distance travelled to nearest water source, 2010 (actual numbers

Households without water in the dwelling or on site by race and distance travelled to nearest water source, 2010 (proportions)

Provincial data

Access to piped water by province, 1996 and 2010 (actual numbers)

Access to piped water by province, 1996 and 2010 (proportions)

Selected water indicators by province, 2010 (proportions)

Water interruptions

Households that experienced water interruptions by province, 2010

Water quality

Blue and green drop certification programmes

National municipal blue drop performance, 2009–2011

Best blue drop performers in each province, 2011

Blue drop certificate awards, 2011

International comparisons

Urban and rural populations with access to an improved water source, selected countries, 2008

Urban and rural populations with access to an improved water source, emerging markets, 2008

Urban and rural populations with access to an improved water source, selected African countries, 2008

Sanitation

National data

Household sanitation facility by race, 2010 (actual numbers)

Household sanitation facility by race, 2010 (proportions)

Households with access to sanitation and using bucket system, 1993/94–2009/10

Provincial data

Selected sanitation indicators by province, 2010 (actual numbers)

Selected sanitation indicators by province, 2010 (proportions)

Waste water quality

National municipal green drop performance, 2009 and 2011

Provincial green drop performance, 2011

Green drop certificate awards, 2011

International comparisons

Population with access to improved sanitation facilities, selected countries, 2008

Population with access to improved sanitation facilities, emerging markets, 2008

Population with access to improved sanitation facilities, selected African countries, 2008

HOUSING

Housing types

National data

Detailed breakdown

Households by type of dwelling and race, 1996 and 2010 (actual numbers)

Households by type of dwelling and race, 1996 and 2010 (proportions)

Summary of changes

Types of housing occupied, 1996 and 2010

Types of housing occupied, 1996

Types of housing occupied, 2010

Changes in housing types, 1996–2010 (actual numbers)

Backyard structures

Number of all backyard structures, 1996 and 2010

Proportion of formal and informal backyard structures, 1996 and 2010

Breakdown of backyard structures, 1996

Breakdown of backyard structures, 2010

Number and proportion of backyard structures by province, 2010

Trends in backyard structures

Provincial data

All housing

Types of housing by province, 1996 and 2010 (actual numbers)

Types of housing by province, 1996 and 2010 (proportions)

Change in types of housing by province, 1996-2010 (actual numbers)

Change in types of housing by province, 1996-2010 (proportions)

Urbanisation and internal migration: explanation of informal dwelling trends

Informal dwellings

Households residing in informal dwellings by province, 1996 and 2010 (actual numbers)

Households residing in informal dwellings by province, 1996 and 2010 (proportions)

Services available to households living in informal dwellings, 2010

Municipal data

Types of housing by municipality, 2009

Terms of occupation

National data

All housing types

Household tenure status by race, 2010 (actual numbers)

Household tenure status by race, 2010 (proportions)

Household tenure status by race, 2010

Household tenure status by sex, 2010 (actual numbers)

Household tenure status by sex, 2010 (proportions)

Household tenure status by sex, 2010

Formal housing

Household tenure status of people residing in formal dwellings, 2010 (actual numbers)

Household tenure status of people residing in formal dwellings, 2010 (proportions)

RDP housing as a proportion of total and formal housing by province, 2010

Provincial data

Household tenure status by province, 2010 (actual numbers)

Household tenure status by province, 2010 (proportions)

Municipal data

Tenure status by municipality, 2009

International data

Household size and housing ownership, selected countries

Household size and housing ownership, emerging markets

Household size and housing ownership, selected African countries

Housing provision

Housing backlog

Annual housing backlog figures, 1996/97–2008/09

Homelessness

Informal dwellings and settlements

Housing backlogs

New deadline for eradicating housing backlog

Government and private sector housing

Private sector and government housing construction, 1997/98–2010/11

The South African market by income levels, 2009

Number of home loans granted by individual income category, 2011

Government subsidy housing

Houses completed or under construction by province, April 1994–March 2011

Qualifying criteria for government subsidy housing

Planned units and units completed/in progress, 1994/95–2009/10

Breakdown of housing delivery by houses and serviced sites completed, by province 2009/10 and 2010/11 (actual numbers)

Breakdown of housing delivery by houses and serviced sites completed, by province 2009/10 and 2010/11 (proportions)

RDP/state subsidised housing indicators by province, 2010

Investigations, arrests, and convictions in housing subsidy fraud cases as at August 2010

Private sector housing

Residential buildings completed by the private sector by size, 2003–2010

DOMESTIC ENERGY

Sources of energy

Household sources of energy by race, 2010 (actual numbers)

Household sources of energy by race, 2010 (proportions)

Electrification

Households without electricity and households added to the national grid, 1994/95–2008/09

Proportion of households with and without electricity by province, 2002 and 2010

Proportion of households without electricity by province, 2002 and 2010

Electricity for lighting, cooking, and heating by province, 2010 (proportions)

REFUSE DISPOSAL

Household refuse disposal by race, 2010 (actual numbers)

Household refuse disposal by race, 2010 (proportions)

Proportion of households whose refuse is removed by municipalities by province, 2002 and 2010 (proportions)

Proportion of households whose refuse is removed by municipalities by province, 2010

BACKLOGS AND BASIC SERVICES

Backlogs by province, 2010

Provincial breakdown of consumer units receiving free basic services from municipalities, June 2010

Indigent households, by province, 2010

MUNICIPAL LIVING CONDITIONS

Living conditions indicators by municipality, 2009

FINANCIAL SERVICES

Banking

Banking status of South African adults, 2007–2010 (actual numbers)

Banking status of South African adults, 2007–2010 (proportions)

Proportion of each race with bank accounts, 2007–2010

Number of Mzansi accounts opened, 2005–2010

Insurance

Short-term insurance products held, 2007–2010 (proportions)

Long-term insurance products held, 2007–2010 (proportions)

COMMUNICATIONS

Broadcasting

Households with television sets and radios, 2002–10

Top ten commercial radio stations by listenership, 2010

The Press

Number of printed media publications, 1991–2011

Postal services

Postal services by race, 2007 (actual numbers)

Postal services by race, 2007 (proportions)

Households with and without postal facilities by province, 2007

Telecommunications

Telephones

Households with landline access by race, 2010 (actual numbers)

Households with landline access by race, 2010 (proportions)

Households with cellular phone access by race, 2010 (actual numbers)

Households with cellular phone access by race, 2010 (proportions)

Racial breakdown of households by access to all telephones, 2007 and 2010 (proportions)

Access to all telephones by province, 2010

Proportion of people with landline access and cellphone access by province, 2010

Access to fixed line and cellular telephones, selected countries, 2008 and 2009

Access to fixed line and cellular telephones, emerging markets, 2009

Access to fixed line and cellular telephones, selected African countries, 2009

The internet

Internet usage by race, June 2010 (proportions)

Number of internet users, 2000–2010

Internet access by province, 2010 (numbers and proportions)

Internet access by province, 2010 (proportions)

Internet users, selected countries, 2009

Internet users, emerging markets, 2009

Internet users, selected African countries, 2009

Communications by municipality

Access to communication services by municipality, 2009

Transportation

Public transport

Commuters by mode of transport, 2010

Vehicle statistics

Registered vehicles by province, 2003-04 and December 2009

Motorised vehicles registered by year-end, December 1999–December 2009

Road accidents

Number of fatal crashes and fatalities by province, 2006/07 and 2010/11

Number of fatalities by type of vehicle, December 2009

Comparison of fatalities between selected modes of public transport, 2008 and 2009

Road conditions

The condition of paved and gravel roads (kilometres), May 2010

A new section presents opinion polls over the last decade on issues such as government performance, social cohesion, and race relations. The Institute’s Rainbox Index, assessing the country’s performance in ten areas of democracy is included, alongside international indices comparing South Africa’s democracy with the rest of the world.

For more detail on what the chapter contains, you will find the complete table of contents below.

Table of Contents:

THE POLITICAL PICTURE

South Africa at a glance

THE STATE OF PLAY IN 2011

Parliament

The National Assembly

The state of play in the National Assembly after the 2009 national election

Proportional representation and seats held by party after the 2009 national election

Proportional representation and seats held by party after the 2009 national election

The National Council of Provinces

Seats held in the National Council of Provinces after the 2009 provincial elections

Number of delegates to the National Council of Provinces after the 2009 provincial elections

Number of delegates to the National Council of Provinces after the 2009 provincial elections

Provincial legislatures

The state of play in provincial legislatures following the 2009 provincial elections

Seats in provincial legislatures after the 2009 provincial elections

Local authorities

Party representation

Ward and proportional representation votes by party, 2006 and 2011

Representation in the eight metropolitan municipalities in 2011

Representation in the eight metropolitan municipalities in 2011 (proportions)

By-elections

By-elections results since the 2011 local government elections

Control of councils

Councils controlled by party, 2000-2011

VOTING TRENDS

Voter turnout

Voter turnout in national and provincial elections, 1994–2009

Voter turnout in local elections, 1995-2011

Voting trends

Voting trends in national and provincial elections, 1994–2009

Voting trends in national and provincial elections by province, 1999–2009

Voting trends in local elections by province, 2000-11

CHANGES IN PARTY REPRESENTATION 1994–2009

Changes in party representation 1994–2009

REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN

Female members of the National Assembly, 1994–2009

GOVERNANCE INDICATORS

Audits

Audits of national departments, 2000/01–2009/10

Audits of provincial departments, 2000/01–2009/10

Audits of municipalities, 2001/02–2009/10

Audits of public entities, 2001/02–2008/09

Budget transparency

Open Budget Index, selected countries, 2006–10

Open Budget Index, emerging markets, 2006–10

Open Budget Index, selected African countries, 2006–10

GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS

People who believe that the Government is performing well, 2000–10

Satisfaction with service delivery by local municipalities by race, 2011

Satisfaction with service delivery by local municipalities by age, 2011

Satisfaction with service delivery by local municipalities, selected metropolitan areas, 2011

Satisfaction with service delivery by local municipalities by Living Standards Measure, 2011

Satisfaction with service delivery by local municipalities by language group, 2011

SOCIAL COHESION

Happy future

People confident in a happy future for all races, 2000–10

Race relations

People who believe that race relations are improving, 2000–10

Country direction

People who believe that the country is going in the right direction, 1998–2010

Identity

How South Africans describe themselves, 2004–09

Proportion of people who are proud of being South African, 2003–09

Civil society

Proportion of people who are members of voluntary organisations, 1995–2006

POLITICAL AND GOVERNMENTAL MATTERS

The ruling party

African National Congress (ANC)

Succession debate

Disciplinary matters

The ANC Youth League

Nationalisation

KwaZulu-Natal provincial executive committee

Governmental matters

The presidency

The Cabinet

Government departments

Provincial government

Local government

Municipal financial audits

Attitudes toward municipal government

Cadre deployment

Ratepayer associations

Foreign relations

Libya

Syria

Zimbabwe

Palestine

Cote d’Ivoire

Swaziland

South Africa and the Dalai Lama

Brics (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa)

Elections

Municipal election 2011

Opposition parties

Congress of the People (Cope)

Democratic Alliance (DA)

Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP)

Media

The Protection of State Information Bill

Corruption

Arms deal

Special Investigating Unit (SIU)

The public protector

Julius Malema

Race relations and xenophobia

“Shoot the Boer”, “Dubul’ iBhunu”

Xenophobia

Protests

Service delivery protests

THE RAINBOW INDEX

The Rainbow Index, 2009

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Number of South African missions abroad, 2001/02–2009/10

Foreign countries and international organisations represented in South Africa, 2011

INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS

Governance

World Bank Governance Indicators Report, selected countries, 2000 and 2009

World Bank Governance Indicators Report, emerging markets 2000 and 2009

World Bank Governance Indicators Report, selected African countries, 2000 and 2009

Freedom and democracy

Freedom in the world, selected countries, 2011

Press freedom in the world, selected countries, 2010

The Democracy Index from The Economist, selected countries, 2010

The Democracy Index from The Economist, emerging markets, 2010

The Democracy Index from The Economist, selected African countries, 2010